Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)is an aggressive primary brain tumor characterized by extensive heterogeneity and vascular proliferation.Hypoxic conditions in the tissue microenvironment are considered a pivotal player le...Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)is an aggressive primary brain tumor characterized by extensive heterogeneity and vascular proliferation.Hypoxic conditions in the tissue microenvironment are considered a pivotal player leading tumor progression.Specifically,hypoxia is known to activate inducible factors,such as hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha(HIF-1α),which in turn can stimulate tumor neo-angiogenesis through activation of various downward mediators,such as the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF).Here,we aimed to explore the role of HIF-1α/VEGF immunophenotypes alone and in combination with other prognostic markers or clinical and image analysis data,as potential biomarkers of GBM prognosis and treatment efficacy.We performed a systematic review(Medline/Embase,and Pubmed database search was completed by 16th of April 2024 by two independent teams;PRISMA 2020).We evaluated methods of immunoassays,cell viability,or animal or patient survival methods of the retrieved studies to assess unbiased data.We used inclusion criteria,such as the evaluation of GBM prognosis based on HIF-1α/VEGF expression,other biomarkers or clinical and imaging manifestations in GBM related to HIF-1α/VEGF expression,application of immunoassays for protein expression,and evaluation of the effectiveness of GBM therapeutic strategies based on HIF-1α/VEGF expression.We used exclusion criteria,such as data not reporting both HIF-1αand VEGF or prognosis.We included 50 studies investigating in total 1319 GBM human specimens,18 different cell lines or GBM-derived stem cells,and 6 different animal models,to identify the association of HIF-1α/VEGF immunophenotypes,and with other prognostic factors,clinical and macroscopic data in GBM prognosis and therapeutic approaches.We found that increased HIF-1α/VEGF expression in GBM correlates with oncogenic factors,such as miR-210-3p,Oct4,AKT,COX-2,PDGF-C,PLDO3,M2 polarization,or ALK,leading to unfavorable survival.Reduced HIF-1α/VEGF expression correlates with FIH-1,ADNP,or STAT1 upregulation,as well as with clinical manifestations,like epileptogenicity,and a favorable prognosis of GBM.Based on our data,HIF-1αor VEGF immunophenotypes may be a useful tool to clarify MRI-PET imaging data distinguishing between GBM tumor progression and pseudoprogression.Finally,HIF-1α/VEGF immunophenotypes can reflect GBM treatment efficacy,including combined first-line treatment with histone deacetylase inhibitors,thimerosal,or an active metabolite of irinotecan,as well as STAT3 inhibitors alone,and resulting in a favorable tumor prognosis and patient survival.These data were supported by a combination of variable methods used to evaluate HIF-1α/VEGF immunophenotypes.Data limitations may include the use of less sensitive detection methods in some cases.Overall,our data support HIF-1α/VEGF’s role as biomarkers of GBM prognosis and treatment efficacy.展开更多
Mixed gliomas, primarily oligoastrocytomas, account for about 5%-10% of all gliomas. Distinguishing oligoastrocytoma based on histological features alone has limitations in predicting the exact biological behavior, ne...Mixed gliomas, primarily oligoastrocytomas, account for about 5%-10% of all gliomas. Distinguishing oligoastrocytoma based on histological features alone has limitations in predicting the exact biological behavior, necessitating ancillary markers for greater specificity. In this case report, human telomerase reverse transcriptase(hT ERT) and high mobility group-A1(HMGA1); markers of proliferation and stemness, have been quantitatively analyzed in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples of a 34 years old patient with oligoastrocytoma. Customized florescence-based immunohistochemistry protocol with enhanced sensitivity and specificity is used in the study. The patient presented with a history of generalized seizures and his magnetic resonance imaging scans revealed infiltrative ill-defined mass lesion with calcified foci within the left frontal white matter, suggestive of glioma. He was surgically treated at our center for four consecutive clinical events. Histopathologically, the tumor was identified as oligoastrocytoma-grade Ⅱ followed by two recurrence events and final progression to grade Ⅲ. Overall survival of the patient without adjuvant therapy was more than 9 years. Glial fibrillary acidic protein, p53, Ki-67, nuclear atypia index, pre-operative neutrophillymphocyte ratio, are the other parameters assessed. Findings suggest that hT ERT and HMGA1 are linked to tumor recurrence and progression. Established markers can assist in defining precise histopathological grade in conjuction with conventional markers in clinical setup.展开更多
p-i-n Al_(x)Ga_(1−x)As/GaAs detectors with graded compositions and graded doping were grown and prepared.From the current-voltage and capacitance-voltage measurement results,the devices had good p-n junction diode cha...p-i-n Al_(x)Ga_(1−x)As/GaAs detectors with graded compositions and graded doping were grown and prepared.From the current-voltage and capacitance-voltage measurement results,the devices had good p-n junction diode characteristics,and the electric field strength under an unbiased voltage was 1.7×10^(5) Vcm^(-1).The full width at half maximum and charge collection efficiency of the detectors obtained from energy spectrum measurements of 5.48-MeV alpha particles were 3.04 and approximately 93%,respectively.In this study,we created the most advanced and promising state-of-the-art unbiased detector reported to date.展开更多
Nonresectable Low-Grade Astrocytomas (LGA) can compromise function and threaten life. For the majority of patients, the most appropriate strategy is initial chemotherapy followed by Radiation Therapy (RT). Since curat...Nonresectable Low-Grade Astrocytomas (LGA) can compromise function and threaten life. For the majority of patients, the most appropriate strategy is initial chemotherapy followed by Radiation Therapy (RT). Since curative treatment is not available for most of these patients, it is reasonable to conduct clinical studies to evaluate new agents. This Phase II study evaluates efficacy and safety of Antineoplastons A10 and AS2-1 (ANP) in LGA. Sixteen children diagnosed with LGA were treated. They included 12 males and 4 females, ages 1.6 - 17.4 years (median 10.6). Efficacy was evaluated in 16 patients. The majority of patients were previously treated, but 1 patient had stereotactic biopsy only. Out of the remaining 15 patients, 6 patients received chemotherapy, and 7 patients had surgery, and 2 patients received RT and chemotherapy after surgery. The patients received treatment with ANP administered daily every 4 hours (median dose of A10 was 7.71 g/kg/d and AS2-1 was 0.26 g/kg/d) until objective response or stable disease was documented and for 8 months thereafter. The duration of ANP IV ranged from 1.4 to 286 weeks with a median of 83 weeks. A complete response was documented in 25.0%, partial response in 12.5%, and stable disease in 37.5%. Overall survival was 67.7% at 5 years, and 54.2% at 10 and 15 years. Progression-free survival was 48.1%, 34.4% and 34.4% at 5, 10, and 15 years respectively. The treatment was associated with grade 3 or grade 4 Adverse Drug Experiences (ADE) in 6 patients. There were two hypernatremias of grade 4 (12%). Grade 3 ADE included urinary frequency (6%), fatigue (6%) and hypernatremia (6%). There were no chronic toxicities, and there was a high quality of survival. ANP shows efficacy with a very good toxicity profile in this cohort of children with low-grade astrocytoma.展开更多
目的探讨miR-590-5p、DNA损伤检查点蛋白调节子1(mediator of DNA damage checkpoint 1,MDC1)在高级别胶质瘤(high-grade glioma,HGG)组织中的表达及与胶质瘤病人术后放疗效果的关系,并明确二者对胶质瘤细胞增殖、凋亡的影响。方法选取2...目的探讨miR-590-5p、DNA损伤检查点蛋白调节子1(mediator of DNA damage checkpoint 1,MDC1)在高级别胶质瘤(high-grade glioma,HGG)组织中的表达及与胶质瘤病人术后放疗效果的关系,并明确二者对胶质瘤细胞增殖、凋亡的影响。方法选取2019年1月至2021年2月河北北方学院附属第一医院64例HGG患者,评估放疗效果。实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)法检测miR-590-5p水平,免疫组织化学染色检测MDC1表达情况,分析miR-590-5p、MDC1表达与胶质瘤病人术后放疗效果的关系,多因素Logistic回归分析影响HGG患者术后放疗效果的因素;体外培养胶质瘤U87MG细胞,并分别转染miR-590-5p mimic、MDC1-shRNA及其阴性对照,CCK-8法和流式细胞术分别检测细胞增殖和凋亡;构建裸鼠移植瘤模型,观察过表达miR-590-5p和敲低MDC1对肿瘤生长的影响。结果MDC1在HGG组织中的表达较正常脑组织中升高,mi R-590-5p表达较正常脑组织降低,二者表达水平呈负相关;MDC1表达升高、miR-590-5p表达降低,其放疗效果越差;Logistic回归分析显示,MDC1高表达、miR-590-5p低表达均是影响HGG患者放疗效果的危险因素。过表达miR-590-5p和敲低MDC1后,U87MG细胞增殖力降低,凋亡率升高,移植瘤体积和重量下降,Ki-67阳性细胞比例减少。过表达miR-590-5p后MDC1蛋白表达明显下降。结论HGG组织中miR-590-5p呈低表达,MDC1呈高表达,二者表达与HGG的发生和患者术后放疗效果关系密切;过表达miR-590-5p和敲低MDC1表达可抑制胶质瘤细胞增殖并促进凋亡。展开更多
Objective： XIAP-associated factor 1 （XAF1） expression has been shown to be related with apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. However, the correlation of XAF1 expression with HCC tumor grade has not been i...Objective： XIAP-associated factor 1 （XAF1） expression has been shown to be related with apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. However, the correlation of XAF1 expression with HCC tumor grade has not been intensively assessed. XIAP-associated factor-1 （XAF1） is an important apoptosis inducer in human HCC. The aim of this study is to determine the correlation between XAF1 expression and HCC histopathological grades. Methods： The mRNA levels of XAF1 in 24 paired HCC-nonneoplastic specimens were quantified by real-time reverse transcription PCR （RT-PCR）. Protein levels of XAF1 in 110 paired HCC-noncancer tissues were investigated by immunostaining specimens on a tissue microarray （TMA）. Correlations between XAF1 mRNA levels or protein expression and clinicopathological features were assessed by statistical analysis. Results： Both XAF1 mRNA and protein were significantly under-expressed in HCC tissues compared to their non-neoplastic counterparts. No significant relationship was found between XAF1 mRNA or protein expression and histological tumor grade. Conclusion： All these data suggest that XAF1 is a potential biomarker for differentiating HCC with noncancerous tissues.展开更多
Among the three grades of neuroendocrine tumors(NETs),the prognosis for Grade 1(G1) with surgery is very good.Therefore,we evaluated the prognoses of pancreatic NET(PNET) G1 patients without surgery.A total of 8 patie...Among the three grades of neuroendocrine tumors(NETs),the prognosis for Grade 1(G1) with surgery is very good.Therefore,we evaluated the prognoses of pancreatic NET(PNET) G1 patients without surgery.A total of 8 patients who were diagnosed with NET G1,with an observation period of more than 6 mo until surgery or without surgery,were recruited.The patients who underwent surgery were ultimately diagnosed using specimens obtained during the surgery,whereas the patients who did not undergo surgery were diagnosed using specimens obtained by endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration.Overall,we mainly evaluated the observation period and tumor growth.The observation period for the five cases with surgery ranged from 6-80 mo,and tumor growth was observed in one case.In contrast,the observation period for the three cases without surgery ranged from 17-54 mo,and tumor growth was not observed.Therefore,although the first-choice treatment for NETs is surgery,our experience includes certain NET G1 patients who were followed up without surgery.展开更多
文摘Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)is an aggressive primary brain tumor characterized by extensive heterogeneity and vascular proliferation.Hypoxic conditions in the tissue microenvironment are considered a pivotal player leading tumor progression.Specifically,hypoxia is known to activate inducible factors,such as hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha(HIF-1α),which in turn can stimulate tumor neo-angiogenesis through activation of various downward mediators,such as the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF).Here,we aimed to explore the role of HIF-1α/VEGF immunophenotypes alone and in combination with other prognostic markers or clinical and image analysis data,as potential biomarkers of GBM prognosis and treatment efficacy.We performed a systematic review(Medline/Embase,and Pubmed database search was completed by 16th of April 2024 by two independent teams;PRISMA 2020).We evaluated methods of immunoassays,cell viability,or animal or patient survival methods of the retrieved studies to assess unbiased data.We used inclusion criteria,such as the evaluation of GBM prognosis based on HIF-1α/VEGF expression,other biomarkers or clinical and imaging manifestations in GBM related to HIF-1α/VEGF expression,application of immunoassays for protein expression,and evaluation of the effectiveness of GBM therapeutic strategies based on HIF-1α/VEGF expression.We used exclusion criteria,such as data not reporting both HIF-1αand VEGF or prognosis.We included 50 studies investigating in total 1319 GBM human specimens,18 different cell lines or GBM-derived stem cells,and 6 different animal models,to identify the association of HIF-1α/VEGF immunophenotypes,and with other prognostic factors,clinical and macroscopic data in GBM prognosis and therapeutic approaches.We found that increased HIF-1α/VEGF expression in GBM correlates with oncogenic factors,such as miR-210-3p,Oct4,AKT,COX-2,PDGF-C,PLDO3,M2 polarization,or ALK,leading to unfavorable survival.Reduced HIF-1α/VEGF expression correlates with FIH-1,ADNP,or STAT1 upregulation,as well as with clinical manifestations,like epileptogenicity,and a favorable prognosis of GBM.Based on our data,HIF-1αor VEGF immunophenotypes may be a useful tool to clarify MRI-PET imaging data distinguishing between GBM tumor progression and pseudoprogression.Finally,HIF-1α/VEGF immunophenotypes can reflect GBM treatment efficacy,including combined first-line treatment with histone deacetylase inhibitors,thimerosal,or an active metabolite of irinotecan,as well as STAT3 inhibitors alone,and resulting in a favorable tumor prognosis and patient survival.These data were supported by a combination of variable methods used to evaluate HIF-1α/VEGF immunophenotypes.Data limitations may include the use of less sensitive detection methods in some cases.Overall,our data support HIF-1α/VEGF’s role as biomarkers of GBM prognosis and treatment efficacy.
基金Supported by M.P.Biotech Council,M.P.for financial assistanceBMHRC for infrastructural facilities,No.249
文摘Mixed gliomas, primarily oligoastrocytomas, account for about 5%-10% of all gliomas. Distinguishing oligoastrocytoma based on histological features alone has limitations in predicting the exact biological behavior, necessitating ancillary markers for greater specificity. In this case report, human telomerase reverse transcriptase(hT ERT) and high mobility group-A1(HMGA1); markers of proliferation and stemness, have been quantitatively analyzed in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples of a 34 years old patient with oligoastrocytoma. Customized florescence-based immunohistochemistry protocol with enhanced sensitivity and specificity is used in the study. The patient presented with a history of generalized seizures and his magnetic resonance imaging scans revealed infiltrative ill-defined mass lesion with calcified foci within the left frontal white matter, suggestive of glioma. He was surgically treated at our center for four consecutive clinical events. Histopathologically, the tumor was identified as oligoastrocytoma-grade Ⅱ followed by two recurrence events and final progression to grade Ⅲ. Overall survival of the patient without adjuvant therapy was more than 9 years. Glial fibrillary acidic protein, p53, Ki-67, nuclear atypia index, pre-operative neutrophillymphocyte ratio, are the other parameters assessed. Findings suggest that hT ERT and HMGA1 are linked to tumor recurrence and progression. Established markers can assist in defining precise histopathological grade in conjuction with conventional markers in clinical setup.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61964001)General Project of Jiangxi Province Key R&D Program(No.20212BBG73012)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(No.20192BAB207033)Key Scientific Research Projects of Henan Higher Education Institutions(No.22A490001)State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics(No.SKLPDE-KF-2019)Jiangxi Provincial Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019RC30).
文摘p-i-n Al_(x)Ga_(1−x)As/GaAs detectors with graded compositions and graded doping were grown and prepared.From the current-voltage and capacitance-voltage measurement results,the devices had good p-n junction diode characteristics,and the electric field strength under an unbiased voltage was 1.7×10^(5) Vcm^(-1).The full width at half maximum and charge collection efficiency of the detectors obtained from energy spectrum measurements of 5.48-MeV alpha particles were 3.04 and approximately 93%,respectively.In this study,we created the most advanced and promising state-of-the-art unbiased detector reported to date.
文摘Nonresectable Low-Grade Astrocytomas (LGA) can compromise function and threaten life. For the majority of patients, the most appropriate strategy is initial chemotherapy followed by Radiation Therapy (RT). Since curative treatment is not available for most of these patients, it is reasonable to conduct clinical studies to evaluate new agents. This Phase II study evaluates efficacy and safety of Antineoplastons A10 and AS2-1 (ANP) in LGA. Sixteen children diagnosed with LGA were treated. They included 12 males and 4 females, ages 1.6 - 17.4 years (median 10.6). Efficacy was evaluated in 16 patients. The majority of patients were previously treated, but 1 patient had stereotactic biopsy only. Out of the remaining 15 patients, 6 patients received chemotherapy, and 7 patients had surgery, and 2 patients received RT and chemotherapy after surgery. The patients received treatment with ANP administered daily every 4 hours (median dose of A10 was 7.71 g/kg/d and AS2-1 was 0.26 g/kg/d) until objective response or stable disease was documented and for 8 months thereafter. The duration of ANP IV ranged from 1.4 to 286 weeks with a median of 83 weeks. A complete response was documented in 25.0%, partial response in 12.5%, and stable disease in 37.5%. Overall survival was 67.7% at 5 years, and 54.2% at 10 and 15 years. Progression-free survival was 48.1%, 34.4% and 34.4% at 5, 10, and 15 years respectively. The treatment was associated with grade 3 or grade 4 Adverse Drug Experiences (ADE) in 6 patients. There were two hypernatremias of grade 4 (12%). Grade 3 ADE included urinary frequency (6%), fatigue (6%) and hypernatremia (6%). There were no chronic toxicities, and there was a high quality of survival. ANP shows efficacy with a very good toxicity profile in this cohort of children with low-grade astrocytoma.
文摘目的探讨miR-590-5p、DNA损伤检查点蛋白调节子1(mediator of DNA damage checkpoint 1,MDC1)在高级别胶质瘤(high-grade glioma,HGG)组织中的表达及与胶质瘤病人术后放疗效果的关系,并明确二者对胶质瘤细胞增殖、凋亡的影响。方法选取2019年1月至2021年2月河北北方学院附属第一医院64例HGG患者,评估放疗效果。实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)法检测miR-590-5p水平,免疫组织化学染色检测MDC1表达情况,分析miR-590-5p、MDC1表达与胶质瘤病人术后放疗效果的关系,多因素Logistic回归分析影响HGG患者术后放疗效果的因素;体外培养胶质瘤U87MG细胞,并分别转染miR-590-5p mimic、MDC1-shRNA及其阴性对照,CCK-8法和流式细胞术分别检测细胞增殖和凋亡;构建裸鼠移植瘤模型,观察过表达miR-590-5p和敲低MDC1对肿瘤生长的影响。结果MDC1在HGG组织中的表达较正常脑组织中升高,mi R-590-5p表达较正常脑组织降低,二者表达水平呈负相关;MDC1表达升高、miR-590-5p表达降低,其放疗效果越差;Logistic回归分析显示,MDC1高表达、miR-590-5p低表达均是影响HGG患者放疗效果的危险因素。过表达miR-590-5p和敲低MDC1后,U87MG细胞增殖力降低,凋亡率升高,移植瘤体积和重量下降,Ki-67阳性细胞比例减少。过表达miR-590-5p后MDC1蛋白表达明显下降。结论HGG组织中miR-590-5p呈低表达,MDC1呈高表达,二者表达与HGG的发生和患者术后放疗效果关系密切;过表达miR-590-5p和敲低MDC1表达可抑制胶质瘤细胞增殖并促进凋亡。
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30800186)Shanghai Natural Science Fundation (No. 11ZR1416800)
文摘Objective： XIAP-associated factor 1 （XAF1） expression has been shown to be related with apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. However, the correlation of XAF1 expression with HCC tumor grade has not been intensively assessed. XIAP-associated factor-1 （XAF1） is an important apoptosis inducer in human HCC. The aim of this study is to determine the correlation between XAF1 expression and HCC histopathological grades. Methods： The mRNA levels of XAF1 in 24 paired HCC-nonneoplastic specimens were quantified by real-time reverse transcription PCR （RT-PCR）. Protein levels of XAF1 in 110 paired HCC-noncancer tissues were investigated by immunostaining specimens on a tissue microarray （TMA）. Correlations between XAF1 mRNA levels or protein expression and clinicopathological features were assessed by statistical analysis. Results： Both XAF1 mRNA and protein were significantly under-expressed in HCC tissues compared to their non-neoplastic counterparts. No significant relationship was found between XAF1 mRNA or protein expression and histological tumor grade. Conclusion： All these data suggest that XAF1 is a potential biomarker for differentiating HCC with noncancerous tissues.
文摘Among the three grades of neuroendocrine tumors(NETs),the prognosis for Grade 1(G1) with surgery is very good.Therefore,we evaluated the prognoses of pancreatic NET(PNET) G1 patients without surgery.A total of 8 patients who were diagnosed with NET G1,with an observation period of more than 6 mo until surgery or without surgery,were recruited.The patients who underwent surgery were ultimately diagnosed using specimens obtained during the surgery,whereas the patients who did not undergo surgery were diagnosed using specimens obtained by endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration.Overall,we mainly evaluated the observation period and tumor growth.The observation period for the five cases with surgery ranged from 6-80 mo,and tumor growth was observed in one case.In contrast,the observation period for the three cases without surgery ranged from 17-54 mo,and tumor growth was not observed.Therefore,although the first-choice treatment for NETs is surgery,our experience includes certain NET G1 patients who were followed up without surgery.
