2021年老挝M_(S)6.0地震序列研究

云南地震活动与周边强震存在“构造相连,动力同源”的特征,研究周边强震的序列演化特征及发震构造,对云南地区地震研究具有重要意义。2021年12月24日老挝M_(S)6.0地震发生在滇西南地区的NW向整董断裂附近,震源机制解显示,此次地震是一次走滑型破裂事件,破裂方向与区域构造特征一致。老挝M_(S)6.0地震序列属于前震-主震-余震型序列,主震前震中附近出现3~4级地震非常活跃的现象,前震序列参数计算显示b值波动相对幅度较大,h值出现“上翘”形态,而余震序列b值和h值变化均相对平稳,主震的同震库伦应力结果表明老挝地震可能对云南地区有应力加载作用。

遗传性蛋白S缺乏症致兄弟二人患肺栓塞报告

肺栓塞(pulmonary embolism, PE)是临床上常见的急危重症之一,具有致死性,由于症状及体征均不典型,常常导致漏诊、误诊。青少年肺栓塞性相对少见,更容易被临床医师忽视。但该类患者可能发病年龄早,应注重其求因的检查尤其遗传缺陷。本文通过报道兄弟患肺栓塞病例,最终确诊为遗传性蛋白S缺乏症,且为少见的复杂杂合变异病例,而提高临床医师对于青少年PE的诊治水平。

基于“微生物-肠-脑轴”探讨补肾通腑方对APP/PS1小鼠肠道菌群及LPS/TLR4/NF-κB通路的影响

目的探讨补肾通腑方调控肠道菌群,改善阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)模型小鼠学习记忆能力的作用机制。方法以APP/PS1小鼠为研究对象,给予补肾通腑方治疗8周,采用Morris水迷宫法观察小鼠空间学习记忆能力变化;16S rDNA检测小鼠肠道菌群丰度、多样性变化;HE染色观察海马病理形态学变化;免疫荧光检测海马区小胶质细胞活化情况;Western blot检测TLR4、NF-κB、IL-6等炎症因子表达。结果与模型组相比,补肾通腑方可以缩短AD模型小鼠逃避潜伏期、游泳路径,增加跨越平台次数(P<0.05),提升肠道菌群多样性,调节肠道菌群丰度,促进海马神经元细胞损伤修复,降低iNOS/Iba1共表达,提高Arg1/Iba1共表达(P<0.01),促进小胶质细胞从M1型向M2型转化,下调TLR4、NF-κB、IL-6等促炎因子的表达。结论补肾通腑方改善AD模型小鼠学习记忆能力的作用机制可能与调节肠道菌群介导的LPS/TLR4/NF-κB通路,从而抑制促炎型小胶质细胞活化、减轻中枢神经系统炎症、改善海马区神经元细胞损伤有关。

The Influential Mechanisms of Theory of Mind on Prosocial Behavior and the Effect of Mindfulness Intervention

Background:Theory of Mind(ToM)and empathy are crucial cognitive and emotional capacities that influence social interactions.While their role in promoting prosocial behavior has been established,the potential moderating effect of mindfulness on this relationship remains unexplored.Understanding these complex interactions is vital for developing effective interventions to foster prosocial behavior among college students.This study examines the influence of ToM on college students’prosocial behavior and explores the moderating role of mindfulness in this relationship.Methods:A mixed-methods approach combining questionnaires and experimental design was employed.Study 1:A survey of 759 college students(mean age 22.03 years;477 females)was conducted using the ToM Scale,Interpersonal Reactivity Index,Prosocial Behavior Tendency Scale,and Mindfulness Awareness Scale.Data were analyzed using correlation and moderated mediation analyses.Study 2:An 8-week mindfulness attention training program was implemented for the intervention group and compared with a control group.Mindfulness training served as a moderating variable to validate Model 59 from Study 1.Results:1.Study 1 found:(a)ToM was significantly positively correlated with prosocial behavior(r=0.31,p<0.01).(b)Empathy partially mediated the relationship between ToM and prosocial behavior(β=0.10,p<0.001,95%CI[0.06,0.14]).(c)Mindfulness negatively moderated the direct path between ToM and three dimensions of prosocial behavior,as well as the indirect path between empathy and kin altruism and reciprocal altruism.Specifically,high levels of mindfulness weakened the direct impact of ToM on prosocial behavior.High levels of mindfulness also weakened the indirect influence of ToM on prosocial behavior through empathy.2.Study 2 results showed:(a)The intervention group had significantly higher levels of trait mindfulness compared to the control group(t=2.56,p<0.05).(b)The validity of the moderated mediation model 59 from Study 1 was verified.Conclusion:While ToM and empathy play crucial roles in fostering prosocial behavior,mindfulness exhibits a more complex influence than anticipated,potentially inhibiting prosocial behavior under certain circumstances.These findings offer novel insights into the psychological mechanisms underlying prosocial behavior and underscore the importance of considering multiple interacting factors in its promotion.

Mindfulness and mindful parenting:Strategies for preschoolers with behavioral issues

The behavior issues of preschoolers are closely related to their parents'parenting styles.This editorial discusses the value and strategies for solving behavior issues in preschoolers from the perspectives of mindfulness and mindful parenting.We expect that upcoming studies will place greater emphasis on the behavioral concerns of preschoolers and the parenting practices that shape them,particularly focusing on proactive interventions for preschoolers'behavioral issues.

Text Difficulty,Working Memory Capacity and Mind Wandering During Chinese EFL Learners’Reading

This experimental study investigated how text difficulty and different working memory capacity(WMC)affected Chinese EFL learners’reading comprehension and their tendency to engage in task-unrelated thoughts,that is,mind wandering(MW),in the course of reading.Sixty first-year university non-English majors participated in the study.A two-factor mixed experimental design of 2(text difficulty:difficult and simple)×2(WMC:high/large and low/small)was employed.Results revealed that 1)the main and interaction effects of WMC and text difficulty on voluntary MW were significant,whereas those on involuntary MW were not;2)while reading the easy texts,the involuntary MW of high-WMC individuals was less frequent than that of low-WMC ones,whereas while reading the difficult ones,the direct relationship between WMC and involuntary MW was not found;and that 3)high-WMC individuals had a lower overall rate of MW and better reading performance than low-WMC individuals did,but with increasing text difficulty,their rates of overall MW and voluntary MW were getting higher and higher,and the reading performance was getting lower and lower.These results lend support to WM theory and have pedagogical implications for the instruction of L2 reading.

Effects of a 4-week internet-delivered mindfulness-based cancer recovery program on anxiety,depression,and mindfulness among patients with breast cancer

Objective:The efficacy of monotherapy in alleviating psychological disorders like anxiety and depression among breast cancer patients is suboptimal,necessitating effective psychosocial interventions.Mindfulness-based interventions have been shown to mitigate anxiety-depression symptoms and encourage beneficial behaviors.The online mindfulness based cancer recovery(MBCR)offers flexibility and guides practice across various settings,facilitating full patient engagement.This study amis to analyze the impact of a 4-week internet-delivered mindfulness-based cancer recovery program on anxiety,depression,and mindfulness among Chinese patients with breast cancer,and to evaluate the degree of satisfaction breast cancer patients experienced after participating in this program.Methods:This study utilized a two-armed,parallel,randomized controlled trial design.A total of 103 patients with breast cancer from June 2020 to January 2021 in the ward of Breast and Thyroid Surgery of a tertiary hospital in Changsha,Hunan Province were selected and randomly assigned to an intervention group(n=51)and a control group(n=52).The intervention group participated in an internet-delivered mindfulness-based cancer recovery program,which was delivered once a week for 4 weeks.Meanwhile,the control group received weekly group health education for 4 weeks.The outcomes of hospital anxiety and depression scale and mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale were evaluated at 3 distinct time points:Baseline(T1),postintervention(T2),and 1-month follow-up(T3).The satisfaction questionnaire of 4-week mindful cancer rehabilitation training program was used at T2 to evaluate patients’satisfaction with the intervention program.Generalized estimation equations were used to assess differences in anxiety,depression and mindfulness levels between groups before and after the intervention.Results:There were no statistically significant differences in demographic data and outcome index scores between the 2 groups at T1(all P>0.05),indicating that the 2 groups were comparable.The generalized estimating equation analyses showed that the intervention group had significantly better improvement in outcomes compared to the control group,particularly for anxiety(T2β=−1.30,95%CI−1.87 to−0.72;T3β=−2.78,95%CI−3.51 to−2.05)and depression(T2β=−1.92,95%CI−2.78 to−1.06;T3β=−2.96,95%CI−4.05 to−1.87;all P<0.001).Moreover,the mindfulness score in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group at T2(β=3.23,95%CI 0.73 to 5.72)and T3(β=8.06,95%CI 4.37 to 11.75;both P<0.05).In addition,patients in the intervention group were satisfied with the 4-week mindfulness-based cancer recovery intervention and teaching/learning activities used to implement the program.Conclusion:In patients with breast cancer,the 4-week internet-delivered mindfulness based cancer recovery program,as a low-threshold,short-term mental health intervention,has a positive effect on reducing anxiety and depression and improving mindfulness levels.This program holds great promise as a tool for clinical nursing practice,given the high satisfaction and applicability.

Mindfulness Facets and Psychological Well-Being among Meditators:Serenity as a Mediating Process

Guided by the theoretical processes of mindfulness and psychological well-being,this study examined serenity as a mediator between mindfulness facets and psychological well-being,as indexed by depressive symptoms and life satisfaction.Participants were 133 mindfulness practitioners who took part in a 3-day transnational meditation event in Hong Kong.Upon informed consent,participants completed a self-report questionnaire.The findings from structural equation modeling showed that serenity mediated the relation between two facets of mindfulness,including describing and nonreacting to inner experience,and life satisfaction.Serenity also mediated the relation between the mindfulness facet of describing and depressive symptoms.Direct associations were indicated between two mindfulness facets,including observing and nonjudging of inner experience,and depressive symptoms.Taken together,the findings revealed mindfulness facets as major correlates of serenity and psychological outcomes among Chinese meditation practitioners.To foster psychological well-being,researchers,educators,and practitioners should pay attention to the role of serenity,describing,and nonreacting to inner experience in mental health.

Mediating Effect of Mindfulness,Self-Esteem and Psychological Resilience in the Relation between Childhood Maltreatment and Life Satisfaction

Childhood maltreatment,as a typical early adverse environment,is known to have a negative impact on one’s life satisfaction.Mindfulness,on the other hand,may serve as a protective factor.This study explored the mediating role of mindfulness and its related variables–positive thoughts,psychological resilience and self-esteem.In order to testify the mechanism,we administered Childhood Trauma Questionnaire(CTQ),Satisfaction with Life Scale(SWLS),Mindful Attention Awareness Scale(MAAS),Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC)and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale(RSES)to a non-clinical sample of Chinese university students(N=1021).The results indicated that positive thoughts did not mediate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and life satisfaction,but self-esteem(β=−0.194,95%CI=[−0.090,−0.040])and psychological resilience(β=−0.063,95%CI=[−0.059,−0.020])mediated the relationship,as well as the“mindfulness-selfesteem”(β=−0.061,95%CI=[−0.287,−0.126])and“mindfulness-psychological resilience”(β=−0.035,95%CI=[−0.115,−0.034]).The results of this study were helpful to understand the relationship between childhood maltreatment and life satisfaction and provided a theoretical basis for the development of mindfulness intervention programs from the perspective of positive psychology.

The Effects of Mindfulness-Based Interventions on Symptoms of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury:A Systematic Review

Mindfulness-based interventions(MBIs)are emerging non-pharmacological treatments for mild traumatic brain injury(mTBI).In this systematic review,the authors aimed to evaluate the potential efficacy of MBIs to provide recommendations for treating patients with mTBI.We searched of the English literature on MBIs for patients with mTBI as of 01 September,2023,using the PubMed,Web of Science,PsycINFO,and Scopus databases.One author performed data extraction and quality scoring of the included literature according to the proposed protocol,and another conducted the review.The review was not registered.A total of 11 studies met the final inclusion criteria,5 of which involved military personnel(veterans).MBIs covered in this review include goal-oriented attention self-regulation(GOALS),mindfulness-based stress reduction(MBSR),acceptance and commitment therapy(ACT),and so on.Research shows that MBSR mainly reduces mental fatigue symptoms in mTBI patients,and GOALS tend to improve their cognitive function.The effect of MBIs on psychological symptoms needs further exploration.Other studies,such as mindfulness-based group therapy and intervention studies targeting mTBI military personnel,are relatively sparse.MBIs have specific effects on mental fatigue and cognitive dysfunction in patients with mTBI.However,the effect on psychological distress and the sustained effectiveness across all symptoms still need further exploration.Considering the particularity of military personnel suffering from mTBI,researchers need to do more intervention studies targeting mTBI military personnel.Therefore,the design of future MBIs trials for mTBI patients’needs to take into account all the factors,such as different populations and severity of traumatic brain injury,to verify the effectiveness of MBIs in alleviating mTBI symptoms and explore the mechanism of intervention.

Mindfulness training in medical education as a means to improve resilience,empathy,and mental health in the medical profession

The high rates of depression,burnout,and increased risk of suicide among medical students,residents,and physicians in comparison with other careers signal a mental health crisis within our profession.We contend that this crisis coupled with the inadequate acquisition of interpersonal skills during medical education results from the interaction between a challenging environment and the mental capital of individuals.Additionally,we posit that mindfulness-based practices are instrumental for the development of major components of mental capital,such as resilience,flexibility of mind,and learning skills,while also serving as a pathway to enhance empathy,compassion,self-awareness,conflict resolution,and relational abilities.Importantly,the evidence base supporting the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions has been increasing over the years,and a growing number of medical schools have already integrated mindfulness into their curricula.While we acknowledge that mindfulness is not a panacea for all educational and mental health problems in this field,we argue that there is currently an unprecedented opportunity to gather momentum,spread and study mindfulness-based programs in medical schools around the world as a way to address some longstanding shortcomings of the medical profession and the health and educational systems upon which it is rooted.

Is Peer Victimization Associated with Higher Online Trolling among Adolescents?The Mediation of Hostile Attribution Bias and the Moderation of Trait Mindfulness

Background:In recent years,online trolling has garnered significant attention due to its detrimental effects on mental health and social well-being.The current study examined the influence of peer victimization on adolescent online trolling behavior,proposing that hostile attribution bias mediated this relationship and that trait mindfulness moderated both the direct and indirect effects.Methods:A total of 833 Chinese adolescents completed the measurements of peer victimization,hostile attribution bias,trait mindfulness,and online trolling.Moderated mediation analysis was performed to examine the relationships between these variables.Results:After controlling for gender and residential address,the study found a significant positive correlation between peer victimization and online trolling,with hostile attribution bias serving as a mediator.In addition,trait mindfulness moderated the direct relationship between peer victimization and online trolling.Specifically,the effect of peer victimization on online trolling was attenuated when adolescents had high levels of trait mindfulness.The results of the study emphasized the joint role of peer and personal factors in adolescents’online trolling behavior and provide certain strategies for intervening in adolescents’online trolling behavior.Conclusion:The results of the study suggest that strategies focusing on peer support and mindfulness training can have a positive impact on reducing online trolling behavior,promoting adolescents’mental health,and their long-term development.

Cognitive dissonance and mindset perturbations during crisis:“ecosocio-psycho-somatic”perspectives

Mandatory and restrictive health regulations during the corona pandemic caused psychic disorders in many people,which even led to clinically relevant mental disorders.At the same time,there was gradually a polarization of opinions among the population.In order to improve future pandemic management,an integrative understanding of these psychosocial processes therefore seems useful.Here we start theoretically with the mental effects of inconsistencies of the information environment by referring to concepts such as the theory of cognitive dissonance.In a next step,we use the psychodynamic theory to understand the affective-motivational defense mechanisms underlying these cognitive states and processes.However,a broader theoretical framework of psychoanalysis seems to make sense,because self-referential processing also influences the style of thinking.For this reason,we use a more comprehensive psychological systems theoretical framework model to integrate these different perspectives.This integrative view refers in part to basic knowledge of health psychology regarding the resistance of unhealthy ways of thinking and behaviors and the possibilities for interventions for change.We then extend this model to a broader picture that also covers the relationship between men and their environment.This results in the perspective of a multidimensional socioecological theoretical framework,which as a heuristic reference model and related to other ecological approaches could also be helpful for various theoretical questions for public health,and could provide a better public understanding of health issues.In line with this perspective,we hypothesize that with regard to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic,the acceptance of public health narratives could be increased if a more consistent picture of the scientific descriptions and explanations of the pandemic-similar to the model proposed-could be provided,which would enable the understanding of the origin,course and countermeasures,and thus could have positive collective psycho-hygienic effects.

2021年漾濞M_(S)6.4地震前重力段差指标量分析及场源特征反演

基于2016-2021年云南地区流动重力重复观测资料,利用流动重力段差变化可视化方法及重力场变化显著性程度指标量G和C值研究了2021年漾濞M_(S)6.4地震前的重力变化,并反演了其与地震孕育相关的场源分布特征,开展了对研究区重力变化及场源特征的定性和定量研究。结果表明:①段差表示法的大小和方向对地下物质的运移方向有一定的指示意义,震前重力指标量呈显著上升,震后又迅速回落,重力变化指标量G和C值可作为评价测网区域重力变化显著性程度的定量依据;②反演得到的重力变化场源位置主要集中在红河断裂带北段至滇西北一带,且表现出与维西-乔后断裂及红河断裂带走向较为一致的分布特征,这可能与地震前中上地壳的深部物质运移相关。

泸定M_(S)4.5地震不对称高陡谷坡地震动响应

基于2023年四川泸定M_(S)4.5地震实测地震动数据,开展不对称斜坡时频域数据分析。结果表明:1)位于右岸1^(#)监测点的PGA放大系数最大,水平向和竖直向分别为3.16~15.08、4.37;2)Arias强度右岸最大值为2.24 cm/s,左岸最大值为0.79 cm/s,说明右岸地震动响应能量更强;3)斜坡右岸监测点的卓越频率为2~9 Hz,左岸卓越频率为2~17 Hz,地震幅值所呈现出来的能量在水平向比竖直向更为集中。地震动响应在不对称高陡谷坡右岸凸出半岛状斜坡地形比直线形斜坡更为强烈,高位覆盖层的存在会增强地震动响应。

SphK1/S1P/S1PR2信号通路促进肌生成:运动改善骨骼肌健康的新视角

背景:近年来,运动改善骨骼肌的健康已成为学者们关注的一个重要研究内容,适宜的运动对骨骼肌具有积极的作用,其中在运动激活鞘氨醇激酶1(sphingosine kinase1,SphK1)/鞘氨醇-1-磷酸(sphingosine-1-phosphate,S1P)/鞘氨醇-1-磷酸受体2(sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor2,S1PR2)信号通路如何改善骨骼肌的健康,正受到科研人员的重视。目的:研究运动经SphK1/S1P/S1PR2信号通路如何改善骨骼肌的健康,探索治疗相关肌肉疾病的新方法,以改善人的骨骼肌健康。方法:检索Web of Science、PubMed、中国知网、万方和维普数据库从建库至今与文章主题相关的文献,以“signaling pathway,SphK1,S1P,S1PR2,skeletal muscle,satellite cell,myogenesis,exercise”为英文检索词,以“信号通路,SphK1,S1P,S1PR2,骨骼肌,卫星细胞,肌生成,运动”为中文检索词,最终纳入69篇文献进行分析。结果与结论:①SphK1/S1P/S1PR2信号通路是一个复杂的调控网络,通过SphK1催化产生的S1P,与S1PR2等受体的相互作用,触发下游信号转导过程,进而调控细胞、组织、器官和系统的多种生物学功能。②SphK1/S1P/S1PR2信号通路能调控卫星细胞增殖和成肌细胞分化,改善肌生成。③文章通过文献资料调研法分析了SphK1/S1P/S1PR2信号通路的生理基础以及运动对其影响的可能性。急性有氧运动可提高骨骼肌中SphK1的表达,人体和动物研究中已证实急性和长期运动均可提高骨骼肌中S1P水平,另外研究表明长期抗阻运动可提高S1PR2在骨骼肌中的表达,部分实验结果表明急性和长期运动对肌肉或者血液中S1P水平无显著影响,出现不同结果的原因可能是选择的研究对象、方式、强度及频率不同,而具体机制尚不明确。④研究认为,运动能够促进SphK1/S1P/S1PR2信号通路在骨骼肌中的表达,调控下游相关信号通路,并且针对这一信号通路的研究可能为骨骼肌疾病的治疗提供新的策略和方法,从而改善骨骼肌健康。⑤未来应深化对SphK1/S1P/S1PR2信号通路与骨骼肌健康关联的研究,进一步揭示其与卫星细胞、成肌细胞的调控关系及与上下游通路的相互作用,挖掘其临床应用价值,制定康复方案时考虑该通路变化,探索不同运动对该通路的影响机制,并将其作为潜在治疗靶点,结合人体肌肉模型提升研究深度和准确性。

Study on the Effect of Self-Help Mindfulness Therapy on Rumination in Patients with Depression

Objective:To evaluate the nursing effect of self-help mindfulness therapy for patients with depression.Methods:120 cases of depression patients admitted to the Department of Psychosomatic Disorders of our hospital between January 2020 and January 2023 were selected.After being grouped by the random draw method,60 cases in the observation group adopted self-help mindfulness therapy and 60 cases in the control group adopted conventional nursing care,the nursing effects were subsequently compared.Results:Before nursing,there was no difference in the comparison of clinical symptom scores,rumination scores,positive psychological scores,and self-esteem scores between the two groups(P>0.05).After nursing,the clinical symptom scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group;the rumination scores were lower than those of the control group;the positive psychological scores were higher than those of the control group;and the self-esteem scores were higher than those of the control group,and all of them were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Self-help mindfulness therapy can improve the clinical symptoms of patients with depression and their rumination,and enhance their positive psychological state and self-esteem level,which has high nursing advantages.

Application of BOPPPS + Mind Maps to Improve Clinical Competence of General Practitioner Residents: Taking Cough as an Example

Objective:To analyze the importance of general practitioner residents using the combined teaching method(BOPPPS+mind maps).Methods:From September 2023 to August 2024,a study was conducted with 6 control group participants receiving traditional teaching and 6 observation group participants receiving the combined teaching method(BOPPPS+mind maps).The study analyzed various indicators between the two groups(including mind map scores and assessment results).Results:Compared with the control group,the assessment scores of the observation group were significantly higher(P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of the combined teaching method(BOPPPS+mind maps)by general practitioner residents can significantly improve their comprehensive abilities.

Discussion on the Skillful Use of Mind Maps in High School Mathematics Teaching

With the continuous development of China’s education,the social requirements for high school teaching are constantly improving.The teaching of high school mathematics is a key point in the high school curriculum,but also a major difficulty.Due to the strong logic and abstraction of the content of high school mathematics,some students find it very difficult to learn.In order to solve this problem,high school mathematics teachers can make use of mind maps to teach,so that students can exercise their thinking ability,and realize the improvement of comprehensive ability in mathematics.This paper analyzes the shortcomings of high school mathematics classrooms under the background of new curriculum reform and discusses the significance and methods of applying mind maps in high school mathematics classrooms,so as to put forward reasonable suggestions for realizing the efficient teaching of high school mathematics.

Examining the Interplay between Trait Mindfulness and Thriving at Work among Teachers in Western China:The Mediating Role of General Self-Efficacy

This study explores the nuanced relationship between trait mindfulness and thriving at work among educators in Western China,emphasizing the mediating role of general self-efficacy.Employing a sample of 378 primary and secondary school teachers,this research utilizes the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire(FFMQ),Thriving at Work Scale(TWS),and the General Self-Efficacy Scale(GSES)to conduct a thorough investigation.The findings indicate a significant positive correlation between trait mindfulness and thriving at work,between trait mindfulness and general self-efficacy,and between general self-efficacy and thriving at work.Additionally,trait mindfulness was found to have a positive predictive effect on both thriving at work and general self-efficacy,with general self-efficacy also showing a positive predictive effect on thriving at work.Importantly,general self-efficacy was identified as playing a partial mediating role in the relationship between trait mindfulness and thriving at work.These results underscore the importance of cultivating mindfulness and self-efficacy among teachers to enhance their enthusiasm for work,suggesting potential pathways for professional development and well-being in the educational sector.