How to use the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)data:research design and methodology

In the United States(US),the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)program is the only comprehensive source of population-based information that includes stage of cancer at the time of diagnosis and patient survival data.This program aims to provide a database about cancer incidence and survival for studies of surveillance and the development of analytical and methodological tools in the cancer field.Currently,the SEER program covers approximately half of the total cancer patients in the US.A growing number of clinical studies have applied the SEER database in various aspects.However,the intrinsic features of the SEER database,such as the huge data volume and complexity of data types,have hindered its application.In this review,we provided a systematic overview of the commonly used methodologies and study designs for retrospective epidemiological research in order to illustrate the application of the SEER database.Therefore,the goal of this review is to assist researchers in the selection of appropriate methods and study designs for enhancing the robustness and reliability of clinical studies by mining the SEER database.

Optimal Design for an End Face Engagement Worm Gear with Multiple Worm-wheel Meshing

To solve the problem for lacking a special mechanical transmission that could provide multiple outputs with high transmission efficiency and good lubrication in the modem industrial, a novel worm gear, named end face engagement worm gear, with multiple worm-wheel meshing is proposed for the first time. The essential parameters for the worm gear are optimized to enhance lubrication and meshing properties. Moreover, analysis of variance（ANOVA） is applied to determine the optimum levels and to determine the influence of parameters. The ANOVA results show that the novel end face engagement worm gear with multiple worm wheels provides high lubrication（the lubrication angle is more than 89~） and meshing performance（the induce normal curvature is less than 0.0002 mm ＇）. The interaction between center distance and roller slant distance most strongly influences the lubrication angle（contributed 51.6%）, followed by the parameters of center distance（contributed 25.0%）, roller slant distance（contributed 16.4%）, tooth angle of gear, gear ratio, and roller radius. In addition, roller radius most strongly influences the induced normal curvature（contributed 39.4%）, followed by roller slant distance（contributed 15.2%）, tooth angle of the gear（contributed 9.0%）, center distance, and gear ratio. The proposed worm gear helps to enrich the no-backlash high precision worm drive and the optimal design method can provide a useful reference on performance improvement of other worm gear.

Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine promotes lipid uptake of macrophage via cluster of differentiation 36 and receptor for advanced glycation end products

BACKGROUND Advanced glycation end products(AGEs)are diabetic metabolic toxic products that cannot be ignored.Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine(CML),a component of AGEs,could increase macrophage lipid uptake,promote foam cell formation,and thereby accelerate atherosclerosis.The receptor for AGEs(RAGE)and cluster of differentiation 36(CD36)were the receptors of CML.However,it is still unknown whether RAGE and CD36 play key roles in CML-promoted lipid uptake.AIM Our study aimed to explore the role of RAGE and CD36 in CML-induced macrophage lipid uptake.METHODS In this study,we examined the effect of CML on lipid uptake by Raw264.7 macrophages.After adding 10 mmol/L CML,the lipid accumulation in macrophages was confirmed by oil red O staining.Expression changes of CD36 and RAGE were detected with immunoblotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.The interaction between CML with CD36 and RAGE was verified by immunoprecipitation.We synthesized a novel N-succinimidyl-4-18Ffluorobenzoate-CML radioactive probe.Radioactive receptor-ligand binding assays were performed to test the binding affinity between CML with CD36 and RAGE.The effects of blocking CD36 or RAGE on CML-promoting lipid uptake were also detected.RESULTS The study revealed that CML significantly promoted lipid uptake by macrophages.Immunoprecipitation and radioactive receptor-ligand binding assays indicated that CML could specifically bind to both CD36 and RAGE.CML had a higher affinity for CD36 than RAGE.ARG82,ASN71,and THR70 were the potential interacting amino acids that CD36 binds to CML Anti-CD36 and anti-RAGE could block the uptake of CML by macrophages.The lipid uptake promotion effect of CML was significantly attenuated after blocking CD36 or RAGE.CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the binding of CML with CD36 and RAGE promotes macrophage lipid uptake.

“三全育人”背景下“Web前端开发”课程思政教学内容设计--以“HTML5应用开发基础”课程为例

在新时代背景下,高校以“立德树人”为根本任务、以“三全育人”(全员育人、全过程育人和全方位育人)为教育理念,肩负起价值引领的责任,培养德智体美劳全面发展的人才。在课程教学过程中,通过融入思政教育内容,可以培养学生正确的价值观、道德观和社会责任感,提高学生的思想品德素养和综合能力。文章以“HTML5应用开发基础”课程为例,介绍了课程思政教学内容的设计方法。

MATLAB App Designer在法布里-珀罗干涉实验中的应用

基于法布里-珀罗(F-P)多光束干涉原理,利用MATLAB设计了基于F-P干涉实验的可视化App仿真界面,不仅可复现F-P腔长、入射波长、透镜焦距等参数对F-P干涉图样的影响及实时动态展示,还可观察周围介质折射率、F-P腔折射率与干涉图样的关系,并能进行多波长分辨率和微小波长差测量实验的演示.这些直观形象的模拟结果展示,将有助于改善多光束干涉理论及实验教学效果.

基于Ant Design Pro的物流系统前端开发与用户体验优化研究

本文探讨了Ant Design Pro在物流系统开发中的应用,特别是其对用户体验和数据可视化的影响。通过采用案例研究方法,分析Ant Design Pro在构建企业级物流系统中的应用。研究发现,Ant Design Pro的一致性设计和丰富的组件库显著提升了开发效率和用户交互体验。此外,其数据可视化组件有效支持了复杂物流数据的呈现和分析。然而,其在性能优化和定制化需求方面面临着挑战。最终,本文提出了一系列基于Ant Design Pro的物流系统开发最佳实践,并对其潜在的改进方向进行了讨论。研究结果为物流行业的信息系统开发提供了实用的指导,并为Ant Design Pro社区贡献了宝贵的实践经验。

Endozepine-4 levels are increased in hepatic coma

AIM:To evaluate the serum levels of endozepine-4,their relation with ammonia serum levels,the grading of coma and the severity of cirrhosis,in patients with hepatic coma. METHODS:In this study we included 20 subjects with Hepatic coma,20 subjects with minimal hepatic encephalopathy(MHE) and 20 subjects control. All subjects underwent blood analysis,Child Pugh and Model for End- stage liver disease(MELD) assessment,endozepine-4 analysis. RESULTS:Subjects with hepatic coma showed significant difference in endozepine-4(P < 0.001) and NH3 levels(P < 0.001) compared both to MHE and controls patients. Between NH3 and endozepine-4 we observed a significant correlation(P = 0.009; Pearson correlation 0.570). There was a significant correlation between endozepine-4 and MELD(P = 0.017; Pearsoncorrelation = 0.529). In our study blood ammonia concentration was noted to be raised in patients with hepatic coma,with the highest ammonia levels being found in those who were comatose. We also found a high correlation between endozepine-4 and ammonia(P < 0.001). In patients with grade Ⅳ hepatic coma,endozepine levels were significantly higher compared to other groups. CONCLUSION:This study suggests that an increased level of endozepine in subjects with higher levels of MELD was observed. In conclusion,data concerning involvement of the GABA-ergic system in HE coma could be explained by stage-specific alterations.

Study On Pattern Design of Men's Tailored-suit Sleeve

Sleeve pattern design of men’ s tailored - suit is one of the most difficult problems of clothing pattern design. Based on the experimental studies of armhole girth, the difference of armhole width and crown height, crown angle, under sleeve curve’s diagonal line length, crown ease and its distribution rule, this paper mainly deals with the sleeve pattern design of tailored - suit for Chinese men. The influences of these factors are discussed and furthermore, some qualitative, quantifiable conclusions are drawn to design perfect pattern of men’ s tailored - suit sleeve.

SELECTING CLUSTER MODEL IN Sn - BASED SOLDER ALLOY DESIGN WITH DV - X_α CALCULATION METHOD

Applying calculation method in alloy design should be an important tendency due to its characters of inexpensive cost, high efficiency and prediction. DOS calculations of AuSn, AsSn and SbSn Sn- based alloys have been investigated by employing DV - Xa method, in which different cluster models were adopted to calculate electron structure.It is proved that some regulations must be taken into ac- count in order to carry out alloy design calculation successfully,which are described in this paper in detail.

Computer-aided Pattern Design of Multi-bar Warp Knitted Fabrics

To meet the development trend of multi-bar warp knit-ting machine towards high-speed,advanced technologyand computer control and the requirements of variousproducts with small quantity,there are many researcheson the computer-aided pattern design of multi-barwarp knitted fabrics.In terms of the special propertiesof the computer-aided pattern design of multi-barwarp knitted fabrics,the Object Oriented Program(OOP)programming-Object Windows class Library(OWL)programming is selected.According to thecharacters of the OWL programming,various functionsare defined.Pattern design and technical parameters canbe output,which offers a great convenience for the fac-tory.

Suboptimal State Feedback H2/H∞ Controller Design with Spectrum Constraint for Discrete-time Stochastic Systems

With the aid of the spectnnn techique, a new concept named-α-stabilizability （0≤α≤1） is intnxhged and its suffident and necessary canditions are also prvposed. Especially, it is identical with the asymptotically mean square stabilizability when α = 1. As an application, the suboptimal state feedback H2/H∞ controller that satisfies the additional Spectrum canstmint via solving a convex optimization problem is delt with.

Packaging Design and the Changing Needs of End Consumers

With the rapid development of China’s economy,the society has entered the era of big data intelligence,leading to tremendous changes in people’s shopping methods.From the original way of shopping via traditional channels from street vendors and farmer’s markets to shopping via WeChat,Douyin,Taobao,Pinduoduo,and other digital e-commerce channels,online shopping has become the norm and an integral part of people’s life in the post-pandemic era.The shift from traditional offline shopping to online shopping calls for a change in design thinking,integrating food packaging design,consumer needs,and brand stories,reflecting individual characters and regional cultures,as well as incorporating traditional Chinese style and cultural elements.

Creative Design Fulfills Brand and Fashion China Fashion Week A/W 2010-2011 Collection held in Beijing

March is a right party time for friends to get together to enjoy the smell of early spring. Moreover, people would like to take off the thick winter coat to showcase their colorful attitude towards the warm spring sunshine. Here, an annual fashion feast in Beijing not only could provide you a visual inspiration of trend, but also would tell you what’s the most "in" factors in the coming season.

Appraisal of Existing HIV/AIDs Prevention and Control Measures and Presentation of Innovative Strategies to End HIV/AIDS Epidemic by 2030

Background: Globally, UNAIDS report 2022 shows, there are 84.2 million people affected by HIV/AIDS and 40.1 million deaths from AIDS since the start of epidemic. In sub-Saharan Africa, women and girls accounted for 63% of all new HIV infections in 2021 with, six in seven new HIV infections among adolescents aged 15 - 19 years being girls. Key populations accounted for 70% of HIV infections globally in 2021, with 51% of these new HIV infections in sub-Saharan Africa. Reflecting on the 4 decades’ journey of HIV epidemic amidst local, national and international efforts, the UN target of ending AIDS as a public health threat by 2030 remains questionable unless new innovative ways are used. This study aimed at analyzing existing HIV/AIDS interventions, discuss UN interventions in line with ending HIV/AIDS by 2030 then, suggest and discuss new innovative ways of ending HIV scourge by 2030. Methods: Systematic literature review methodology was used to extract existing published information on HIV prevention strategies from 1981 to 2023. The articles were previewed by 2 experts for quality and grouped by intervention. Of the 637 articles accessed, on HIV prevention/control only 45 met the inclusion criteria. Data were synthesized using a narrative synthesis approach following standard guidelines on synthesis without meta-analysis. Descriptive analysis was done, strength and limitations were identified. UNAIDS recommendations for ending HIV/AIDS by 2030 identified and analyzed. New Innovations in HIV/AIDS were presented and discussed. The scope of the reviewed literature was limited to HIV preventive strategies practiced between 1981 and 2023. Results: Findings show that, Uganda’s HIV prevalence was at a peak in 1991 of 15% (30% among pregnant women in urban areas). ABC strategy is claimed to have turned sharply downward the prevalence through the mid-1990s and reached 5% (14% for pregnant urban women) by 2001. Analysis of the strategy showed that the achievements of the strategy could not be sustained, subsequently HIV prevalence rose again. This is because none of the ABC components can independently reduce HIV problem. In the real world, 100% abstinence has failed, condom use only reduces infection by 90% (WHO), and lifelong monogamy is impractical. Such limitations weaken ABC strategy. The study established that Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) i.e. taking HIV medicines within 72 hours (3 days) after a possible exposure to HIV infection is a safe, effective and a globally practiced HIV preventive intervention in emergency situations of HIV exposure. However, PEP is limited to care sought within 72 hours after exposure and yet timely access especially in rural areas and for key populations remains a big challenge. Oral PrEP was also identified as effective HIV preventive measure that can reduce HIV risk from sex by about 99% and from injection drug users by 74%. However, like PEP, timely access especially in rural areas and for key populations remains a big challenge. The UNAIDS 95-95-95 strategy (i.e. 95% of people know their HIV status, 95% with +HIV status be on sustained ART and 95% on ART get viral load suppression) formed the basis for setting the target of ending HIV/AIDS epidemic by 2030. However, our analysis shows that this target is unrealistic given the above highlighted limitations/ barriers in preventive measures and the unlikely perfect adherence (100%) to ART by all enrolled HIV positive persons. Conclusion: Ending HIV/AIDS by 2030 cannot be achieved by implementing the current preventing strategies and control measures. This study established that most of the existing HIV preventive strategies and control measures have a number of limitations. However, with sustained UN 95-95-95 strategy supplemented with additional innovative ways, there is hope that the UN dream of ending HIV/AIDS though not necessarily by 2030, can in the long run be achieved.

融与合——有感于Freedom in Design：The Architectnre of J．J．Pan and Partners．2000-2006

潘冀，1966年毕业于美国莱斯大学建筑学专业1967年获美国哥伦比亚大学城市建筑硕士学位主攻城市设计方向。在之后的几年内．先后为菲利普约翰逊和理查德-罗杰斯等建筑师事务所服务1972年取得美国职业建筑师资格．并于1981年回到台湾成立潘冀联合设计师事务所。在之后20多年内．该事务所逐渐成长为台湾最大的建筑师事务所之一．

基于HTML5技术的移动Web前端设计

阐述HTML5的特性、优势、移动Web前端设计面临的挑战。分析HTML5在移动Web前端设计中的应用,包括响应式设计、用户体验优化、性能优化。HTML5技术可以有效提高移动Web应用质量。

基于端部绕组模块的定子励磁无刷电机冷却方法

为了提升定子励磁无刷电机的冷却能力,提出了一种基于端部绕组模块的定子励磁无刷电机冷却方法.在电机端部绕组和定子铁芯叠片端部的间隙中插入端部绕组冷却(EWC)模块,以减小定子绕组热点区域和冷却介质之间的间隙,从而提高端部绕组的冷却能力.对非重叠式集中绕组长度计算模型进行改进,评估采用EWC模块前后电机定子电枢绕组长度的变化,分析EWC模块的电导率对电机定子损耗的影响.采用计算流体动力学(CFD)模型,对比EWC模块在不同铜耗和励磁源损耗密度下的冷却性能.结果表明,采用EWC模块可以使端部绕组的稳态温升降低约50%,热态时的绕组电阻降低7.51%,从而改善了定子的冷却条件.

一种远程部署MATLAB应用的新方法

传统的部署MATALB Web App的方法是使用MATLAB App Designer设计应用的界面和功能,利用MATLAB Web App Server将设计好的应用打包部署到Web端,但是使用这种方式在设计时存在功能扩展复杂的问题,在部署时存在应用程序加载缓慢,部分浏览器版本不兼容等问题,降低了处理效率与使用体验。为了改善以上情况,提出利用HTML(Hyper Text Markup Language)与Vue设计前端应用界面和后端连接的RESTful API(Representational State Transfer Application Programming Interface),然后用Python构建后端应用接口用于函数计算,再使用Nginx将前端界面部署到Web端,实现一种远程部署MATLAB应用的新方法。网页端FIR(Finite Impulse Response)低通与高通滤波器设计的测试结果表明,上述方法与MATLAB生成的滤波器一致,部署简单且高效,能够较好解决上述问题,同时为MATLAB Web App的托管与共享方式提供了新思路。

基于行为设计的儿童洗护品包装设计策略研究

为提升儿童在日常洗护过程中的体验感,从而培养儿童良好的日常卫生清洁习惯,同时提高儿童洗护品牌的服务质量与核心竞争力,从行为设计的角度为儿童洗护品包装提出相关设计策略。首先,通过线上与线下调研的方式了解当前市面上儿童洗护品包装设计现状,并归纳整理设计特点;然后,基于儿童洗护品包装设计现状与儿童对洗护行为的态度,明确在儿童洗护品包装设计中介入行为设计的合理性与必要性;最后,基于行为设计在儿童洗护品包装中的设计要点,结合福格行为模型与峰终定律,从提升用户动机、降低使用难度、增强包装行为提示效果、把握用户体验过程中的“峰值”与“终点”4个方面提出相关设计策略,并运用案例分析法诠释相关设计策略的具体实施方法,侧面印证了设计策略的可用性与可靠性,期望能为儿童洗护品包装设计提供新的设计思路。

空间站机械臂末端执行器用导轨设计与验证

针对滚珠直线导轨用于空间机构时的空间环境适应性问题,提出了空间机构用导轨设计方案,经导轨地面试验和产品在轨试验验证,该设计方案可以满足在轨使用要求,实现了导轨在真空、高低温等空间复杂环境下的长寿命应用.以空间站机械臂末端执行器用滚珠直线导轨研制为例,开展了导轨设计,并进行了导轨试验验证,确定了导轨采用滚珠溅射沉积MoS_(2)复合薄膜的固体润滑方案,间隙为0.04~0.05 mm,满足末端执行器在轨工作2000次以上的使用寿命要求.通过末端导轨试验可知,固体润滑的导轨载荷能力和使用寿命均显著下降,在空间机构用导轨研制过程中,须进行专项寿命试验,以验证导轨能否满足在轨使用要求.