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Application of the improved dung beetle optimizer,muti-head attention and hybrid deep learning algorithms to groundwater depth prediction in the Ningxia area,China
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作者 Jiarui Cai Bo Sun +5 位作者 Huijun Wang Yi Zheng Siyu Zhou Huixin Li Yanyan Huang Peishu Zong 《Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters》 2025年第1期18-23,共6页
Due to the lack of accurate data and complex parameterization,the prediction of groundwater depth is a chal-lenge for numerical models.Machine learning can effectively solve this issue and has been proven useful in th... Due to the lack of accurate data and complex parameterization,the prediction of groundwater depth is a chal-lenge for numerical models.Machine learning can effectively solve this issue and has been proven useful in the prediction of groundwater depth in many areas.In this study,two new models are applied to the prediction of groundwater depth in the Ningxia area,China.The two models combine the improved dung beetle optimizer(DBO)algorithm with two deep learning models:The Multi-head Attention-Convolution Neural Network-Long Short Term Memory networks(MH-CNN-LSTM)and the Multi-head Attention-Convolution Neural Network-Gated Recurrent Unit(MH-CNN-GRU).The models with DBO show better prediction performance,with larger R(correlation coefficient),RPD(residual prediction deviation),and lower RMSE(root-mean-square error).Com-pared with the models with the original DBO,the R and RPD of models with the improved DBO increase by over 1.5%,and the RMSE decreases by over 1.8%,indicating better prediction results.In addition,compared with the multiple linear regression model,a traditional statistical model,deep learning models have better prediction performance. 展开更多
关键词 Groundwater depth Multi-head attention Improved dung beetle optimizer CNN-LSTM CNN-GRU Ningxia
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Outcomes of a non-diffractive extended depth of focus intraocular lens in patients with well-controlled glaucoma and ocular hypertension
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作者 Jia-Ru Liu Andrei-Alexandru Szigiato Paul Harasymowycz 《International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)》 2025年第1期79-85,共7页
AIM:To assess visual outcomes and satisfaction of a non-diffractive extended depth of focus(EDOF)intraocular lens(IOL)in individuals with ocular hypertension(OHT)and well-controlled mild glaucoma undergoing cataract s... AIM:To assess visual outcomes and satisfaction of a non-diffractive extended depth of focus(EDOF)intraocular lens(IOL)in individuals with ocular hypertension(OHT)and well-controlled mild glaucoma undergoing cataract surgery.METHODS:An investigator-initiated,single-center,prospective,interventional,noncomparative study conducted in Montreal,Canada.The study enrolled 31 patients(55 eyes)with OHT or mild glaucoma who received a non-diffractive EDOF IOL(Acrysof IQ Vivity).Participants underwent sequential cataract surgery with the Vivity IOL.Follow-up evaluations occurred at 1d,1,and 3mo postoperatively,assessing uncorrected distance,intermediate,and near visual acuity.Questionnaires(QUVID:Questionnaire for visual disturbances and IOLSAT:Intraocular lens satisfaction)were administered pre and post-operatively to measure visual disturbances and spectacle independence in various lighting.Safety parameters included intraocular pressure(IOP),glaucoma medications,spherical equivalence,mean deviation and pattern standard deviation or square root of lost variance on Octopus visual field.RESULTS:At 1 and 3mo postoperatively,significant improvements were observed in uncorrected distance and intermediate visual acuity.Spectacle independence was enhanced for distance and intermediate vision,especially in bright light settings.Spectacle-free intermediate vision was improved even in dim lighting.Visual disturbances,particularly glare symptoms,were reduced,and there was a notable decrease in IOP and glaucoma medication burden at 3mo.There was more hazy vision postoperatively with no impact on visual acuity and visual satisfaction.CONCLUSION:The non-diffractive EDOF lens improves distance and intermediate spectacle-free visual function in patients with OHT and well-controlled glaucoma.The findings highlight significant improvements in visual acuity,reduced glare,enhanced spectacle independence,and improved visual performance in different lighting conditions. 展开更多
关键词 extended depth of focus refractive GLAUCOMA ocular hypertension CATARACT intraocular lens
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基于Depth-wise卷积和视觉Transformer的图像分类模型 被引量:4
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作者 张峰 黄仕鑫 +1 位作者 花强 董春茹 《计算机科学》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第2期196-204,共9页
图像分类作为一种常见的视觉识别任务,有着广阔的应用场景。在处理图像分类问题时,传统的方法通常使用卷积神经网络,然而,卷积网络的感受野有限,难以建模图像的全局关系表示,导致分类精度低,难以处理复杂多样的图像数据。为了对全局关... 图像分类作为一种常见的视觉识别任务,有着广阔的应用场景。在处理图像分类问题时,传统的方法通常使用卷积神经网络,然而,卷积网络的感受野有限,难以建模图像的全局关系表示,导致分类精度低,难以处理复杂多样的图像数据。为了对全局关系进行建模,一些研究者将Transformer应用于图像分类任务,但为了满足Transformer的序列化和并行化要求,需要将图像分割成大小相等、互不重叠的图像块,破坏了相邻图像数据块之间的局部信息。此外,由于Transformer具有较少的先验知识,模型往往需要在大规模数据集上进行预训练,因此计算复杂度较高。为了同时建模图像相邻块之间的局部信息并充分利用图像的全局信息,提出了一种基于Depth-wise卷积的视觉Transformer(Efficient Pyramid Vision Transformer,EPVT)模型。EPVT模型可以实现以较低的计算成本提取相邻图像块之间的局部和全局信息。EPVT模型主要包含3个关键组件:局部感知模块(Local Perceptron Module,LPM)、空间信息融合模块(Spatial Information Fusion,SIF)和“+卷积前馈神经网络(Convolution Feed-forward Network,CFFN)。LPM模块用于捕获图像的局部相关性;SIF模块用于融合相邻图像块之间的局部信息,并利用不同图像块之间的远距离依赖关系,提升模型的特征表达能力,使模型学习到输出特征在不同维度下的语义信息;CFFN模块用于编码位置信息和重塑张量。在图像分类数据集ImageNet-1K上,所提模型优于现有的同等规模的视觉Transformer分类模型,取得了82.6%的分类准确度,证明了该模型在大规模数据集上具有竞争力。 展开更多
关键词 深度学习 图像分类 depth-wise卷积 视觉Transformer 注意力机制
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基于改进FeatDepth的足球运动场景无监督单目图像深度预测
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作者 傅荟璇 徐权文 王宇超 《实验技术与管理》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第10期74-84,共11页
为了在降低成本的同时提高图像深度信息预测的精确度,并将深度估计应用于足球运动场景,提出一种基于改进FeatDepth的足球运动场景无监督单目图像深度预测方法。首先,对原FeatDepth引入注意力机制,使模型更加关注有效的特征信息;其次,将F... 为了在降低成本的同时提高图像深度信息预测的精确度,并将深度估计应用于足球运动场景,提出一种基于改进FeatDepth的足球运动场景无监督单目图像深度预测方法。首先,对原FeatDepth引入注意力机制,使模型更加关注有效的特征信息;其次,将FeatDepth中的PoseNet网络和DepthNet网络分别嵌入GAM全局注意力机制模块,为网络添加额外的上下文信息,在基本不增加计算成本的情况下提升FeatDepth模型深度预测性能;再次,为在低纹理区域和细节上获得更好的深度预测效果,由单视图重构损失与交叉视图重构损失组合而成最终的损失函数。选取KITTI数据集中Person场景较多的部分进行数据集制作并进行仿真实验,结果表明,改进后的FeatDepth模型不仅在精确度上有所提升,且在低纹理区域及细节处拥有更好的深度预测效果。最后,对比模型在足球场景下的推理效果后得出,改进后的模型在低纹理区域(足球、球门等)及细节处(肢体等)有更好的深度预测效果,实现了将基于无监督的单目深度估计模型应用于足球运动场景的目的。 展开更多
关键词 足球运动场景 无监督单目深度估计 Featdepth 注意力机制 GAM 图像重构
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Edge enhanced depth perception with binocular meta-lens 被引量:3
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作者 Xiaoyuan Liu Jingcheng Zhang +5 位作者 Borui Leng Yin Zhou Jialuo Cheng Takeshi Yamaguchi Takuo Tanaka Mu Ku Chen 《Opto-Electronic Science》 2024年第9期4-13,共10页
The increasing popularity of the metaverse has led to a growing interest and market size in spatial computing from both academia and industry.Developing portable and accurate imaging and depth sensing systems is cruci... The increasing popularity of the metaverse has led to a growing interest and market size in spatial computing from both academia and industry.Developing portable and accurate imaging and depth sensing systems is crucial for advancing next-generation virtual reality devices.This work demonstrates an intelligent,lightweight,and compact edge-enhanced depth perception system that utilizes a binocular meta-lens for spatial computing.The miniaturized system comprises a binocular meta-lens,a 532 nm filter,and a CMOS sensor.For disparity computation,we propose a stereo-matching neural network with a novel H-Module.The H-Module incorporates an attention mechanism into the Siamese network.The symmetric architecture,with cross-pixel interaction and cross-view interaction,enables a more comprehensive analysis of contextual information in stereo images.Based on spatial intensity discontinuity,the edge enhancement eliminates illposed regions in the image where ambiguous depth predictions may occur due to a lack of texture.With the assistance of deep learning,our edge-enhanced system provides prompt responses in less than 0.15 seconds.This edge-enhanced depth perception meta-lens imaging system will significantly contribute to accurate 3D scene modeling,machine vision,autonomous driving,and robotics development. 展开更多
关键词 metasurfaces meta-lenses deep learning depth perception edge detection
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Effects of thawing-induced softening on fracture behaviors of frozen rock 被引量:1
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作者 Ting Wang Hailiang Jia +2 位作者 Qiang Sun Xianjun Tan Liyun Tang 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第3期979-989,共11页
Due to the presence of ice and unfrozen water in pores of frozen rock,the rock fracture behaviors are susceptible to temperature.In this study,the potential thawing-induced softening effects on the fracture behaviors ... Due to the presence of ice and unfrozen water in pores of frozen rock,the rock fracture behaviors are susceptible to temperature.In this study,the potential thawing-induced softening effects on the fracture behaviors of frozen rock is evaluated by testing the tension fracture toughness(KIC)of frozen rock at different temperatures(i.e.-20℃,-15℃,-12℃,-10℃,-8℃,-6℃,-4℃,-2℃,and 0℃).Acoustic emission(AE)and digital image correlation(DIC)methods are utilized to analyze the microcrack propagation during fracturing.The melting of pore ice is measured using nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)method.The results indicate that:(1)The KIC of frozen rock decreases moderately between-20℃ and-4℃,and rapidly between-4℃ and 0℃.(2)At-20℃ to-4℃,the fracturing process,deduced from the DIC results at the notch tip,exhibits three stages:elastic deformation,microcrack propagation and microcrack coalescence.However,at-4℃e0℃,only the latter two stages are observed.(3)At-4℃e0℃,the AE activities during fracturing are less than that at-20℃ to-4℃,while more small events are reported.(4)The NMR results demonstrate a reverse variation trend in pore ice content with increasing temperature,that is,a moderate decrease is followed by a sharp decrease and-4℃ is exactly the critical temperature.Next,we interpret the thawing-induced softening effect by linking the evolution in microscopic structure of frozen rock with its macroscopic fracture behaviors as follow:from-20℃ to-4℃,the thickening of the unfrozen water film diminishes the cementation strength between ice and rock skeleton,leading to the decrease in fracture parameters.From-4℃ to 0℃,the cementation effect of ice almost vanishes,and the filling effect of pore ice is reduced significantly,which facilitates microcrack propagation and thus the easier fracture of frozen rocks. 展开更多
关键词 frozen sandstone Different thawing temperature Fracture toughness Microcrack propagation process Unfrozen water content
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A dynamic soil freezing characteristic curve model for frozen soil 被引量:1
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作者 Xiaokang Li Xu Li Jiankun Liu 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第8期3339-3352,共14页
The soil freezing characteristic curve(SFCC)plays a fundamental role in comprehending thermohydraulic behavior and numerical simulation of frozen soil.This study proposes a dynamic model to uniformly express SFCCs ami... The soil freezing characteristic curve(SFCC)plays a fundamental role in comprehending thermohydraulic behavior and numerical simulation of frozen soil.This study proposes a dynamic model to uniformly express SFCCs amidst varying total water contents throughout the freezing-thawing process.Firstly,a general model is proposed,wherein the unfrozen water content at arbitrary temperature is determined as the lesser of the current total water content and the reference value derived from saturated SFCC.The dynamic performance of this model is verified through test data.Subsequently,in accordance with electric double layer(EDL)theory,the theoretical residual and minimum temperatures in SFCC are calculated to be-14.5℃to-20℃for clay particles and-260℃,respectively.To ensure that the SFCC curve ends at minimum temperature,a correction function is introduced into the general model.Furthermore,a simplified dynamic model is proposed and investigated,necessitating only three parameters inherited from the general model.Additionally,both general and simplified models are evaluated based on a test database and proven to fit the test data exactly across the entire temperature range.Typical recommended parameter values for various types of soils are summarized.Overall,this study provides not only a theoretical basis for most empirical equations but also proposes a new and more general equation to describe the SFCC. 展开更多
关键词 frozen soils Unsaturated soils Soil freezing characteristic curve(SFCC) Mathematic models
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Responses of the Southern Ocean mixed layer depth to the eastern and central Pacific El Niño events during austral winter 被引量:1
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作者 Yuxin Shi Hailong Liu +1 位作者 Xidong Wang Quanan Zheng 《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第7期1-14,共14页
Based on the Ocean Reanalysis System version 5(ORAS5)and the fifth-generation reanalysis datasets derived from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ERA5),we investigate the different impacts of the centr... Based on the Ocean Reanalysis System version 5(ORAS5)and the fifth-generation reanalysis datasets derived from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ERA5),we investigate the different impacts of the central Pacific(CP)El Niño and the eastern Pacific(EP)El Niño on the Southern Ocean(SO)mixed layer depth(MLD)during austral winter.The MLD response to the EP El Niño shows a dipole pattern in the South Pacific,namely the MLD dipole,which is the leading El Niño-induced MLD variability in the SO.The tropical Pacific warm sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA)signal associated with the EP El Niño excites a Rossby wave train propagating southeastward and then enhances the Amundsen Sea low(ASL).This results in an anomalous cyclone over the Amundsen Sea.As a result,the anomalous southerly wind to the west of this anomalous cyclone advects colder and drier air into the southeast of New Zealand,leading to surface cooling through less total surface heat flux,especially surface sensible heat(SH)flux and latent heat(LH)flux,and thus contributing to the mix layer(ML)deepening.The east of the anomalous cyclone brings warmer and wetter air to the southwest of Chile,but the total heat flux anomaly shows no significant change.The warm air promotes the sea ice melting and maintains fresh water,which strengthens stratification.This results in a shallower MLD.During the CP El Niño,the response of MLD shows a separate negative MLD anomaly center in the central South Pacific.The Rossby wave train triggered by the warm SSTA in the central Pacific Ocean spreads to the Amundsen Sea,which weakens the ASL.Therefore,the anomalous anticyclone dominates the Amundsen Sea.Consequently,the anomalous northerly wind to the west of anomalous anticyclone advects warmer and wetter air into the central and southern Pacific,causing surface warming through increased SH,LH,and longwave radiation flux,and thus contributing to the ML shoaling.However,to the east of the anomalous anticyclone,there is no statistically significant impact on the MLD. 展开更多
关键词 Southern Ocean mixed layer depth Central Pacific El Niño Eastern Pacific El Niño Rossby wave train
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Three-dimensional crystal defect imaging by STEM depth sectioning
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作者 Ryo Ishikawa Naoya Shibata Yuichi Ikuhara 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第8期2-7,共6页
One of the major innovations awaiting in electron microscopy is full three-dimensional imaging at atomic resolution.Despite the success of aberration correction to deep sub-angstrom lateral resolution,spatial resoluti... One of the major innovations awaiting in electron microscopy is full three-dimensional imaging at atomic resolution.Despite the success of aberration correction to deep sub-angstrom lateral resolution,spatial resolution in depth is still far from atomic resolution.In scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM),this poor depth resolution is due to the limitation of the illumination angle.To overcome this physical limitation,it is essential to implement a next-generation aberration corrector in STEM that can significantly improve the depth resolution.This review discusses the capability of depth sectioning for three-dimensional imaging combined with large-angle illumination STEM.Furthermore,the statistical analysis approach remarkably improves the depth resolution,making it possible to achieve three-dimensional atomic resolution imaging at oxide surfaces.We will also discuss the future prospects of three-dimensional imaging at atomic resolution by STEM depth sectioning. 展开更多
关键词 atomic-resolution STEM STEM depth sectioning depth resolution DOPANTS surface topography
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Investigation of Groundwater Quality with Borehole Depth in the Basin Granitoids of the Ashanti Region of Ghana
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作者 Bernard Ofosu Augustine Kofi Asante +2 位作者 Festus Anane Mensah Umar-Farouk Usman Naa Korkoi Ayeh 《Journal of Water Resource and Protection》 CAS 2024年第5期381-394,共14页
The dependence of groundwater quality on borehole depth is usually debatable in groundwater studies, especially in complex geological formations where aquifer characteristics vary spatially with depth. This study ther... The dependence of groundwater quality on borehole depth is usually debatable in groundwater studies, especially in complex geological formations where aquifer characteristics vary spatially with depth. This study therefore seeks to investigate the relationship between borehole depth and groundwater quality across the granitoid aquifers within the Birimian Supergroup in the Ashanti Region. Physicochemical analysis records of groundwater quality data were collected from 23 boreholes of public and private institutions in the Ashanti Region of Ghana, and the parametric values of iron, fluoride, total hardness, pH, nitrate, and nitrite were used to study the groundwater quality-depth relationship. The results showed that the depth-to-groundwater quality indicated a marginal increase in water quality in the range of 30 to 50 m, which is mathematically represented by the low-value correlation coefficient (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.026). A relatively significant increase occurs in the depth range of 50 to 80 m, which is given by a correlation coefficient of r<sup>2</sup> = 0.298. The mean percent parameter compatibility was 74%, 82%, 89%, and 97% at 50, 60, 70, and 80 m depths, respectively. The variations in groundwater quality per depth ratio ranged from 1.48, 1.37, 1.27, and 1.21 for 50, 60, 70, and 80 m depth, respectively. The recommended minimum borehole depth for excellent groundwater quality is suggested with a compatibility per meter depth ratio of 1.37. This results in a range between 50 and 70 m as the most desirable drilling depth for excellent groundwater quality within the granitoids of the Birimian Supergroup of the Ashanti Region in Ghana. 展开更多
关键词 Groundwater Quality Borehole depth Birimian Supergroup Granitoid Aquifers Ashanti Region
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Experimental and numerical interpretation on composite foundation consisting of soil-cement column within warm and ice-rich frozen soil
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作者 WANG Honglei ZHANG Jianming +2 位作者 WEI Shoucai SUN Zhizhong ZHANG Hu 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第1期313-321,共9页
Affected by climate warming and anthropogenic disturbances, the thermo-mechanical stability of warm and ice-rich frozen ground along the Qinghai-Tibet engineering corridor(QTEC) is continuously decreased, which may de... Affected by climate warming and anthropogenic disturbances, the thermo-mechanical stability of warm and ice-rich frozen ground along the Qinghai-Tibet engineering corridor(QTEC) is continuously decreased, which may delay the construction of major projects in the future. In this study, based on chemical stabilization of warm and icerich frozen ground, the soil-cement column(SCC) for ground improvement was recommended to reinforce the foundations in warm and ice-rich permafrost regions. To explore the validity of countermeasures mentioned above, both the original foundation and the composite foundation consisting of SCC with soil temperature of -1.0℃ were prepared in the laboratory, and then the plate loading tests were carried out. The laboratory investigations indicated that the bearing capacity of composite foundation consisting of SCC was higher than that of original foundation, and the total deformation of original foundation was greater than that of composite foundation, meaning that overall stability of foundation with warm and ice-rich frozen soil can be improved by SCC installation. Meanwhile, a numerical model considering the interface interaction between frozen soil and SCC was established for interpretating the bearing mechanism of composite foundation. The numerical investigations revealed that the SCC within composite foundation was responsible for the more applied load, and the applied load can be delivered to deeper zone in depth due to the SCC installation, which was favorable for improving the bearing characteristic of composite foundation. The investigations provide the valuable guideline for the choice of engineering supporting techniques to major projects within the QTEC. 展开更多
关键词 Chemical stabilization Ground improvement Composite foundation frozen soil engineering Qinghai-Tibet engineering corridor
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Perpendicular-Cutdepth:Perpendicular Direction Depth Cutting Data Augmentation Method
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作者 Le Zou Linsong Hu +2 位作者 Yifan Wang Zhize Wu Xiaofeng Wang 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2024年第4期927-941,共15页
Depth estimation is an important task in computer vision.Collecting data at scale for monocular depth estimation is challenging,as this task requires simultaneously capturing RGB images and depth information.Therefore... Depth estimation is an important task in computer vision.Collecting data at scale for monocular depth estimation is challenging,as this task requires simultaneously capturing RGB images and depth information.Therefore,data augmentation is crucial for this task.Existing data augmentationmethods often employ pixel-wise transformations,whichmay inadvertently disrupt edge features.In this paper,we propose a data augmentationmethod formonocular depth estimation,which we refer to as the Perpendicular-Cutdepth method.This method involves cutting realworld depth maps along perpendicular directions and pasting them onto input images,thereby diversifying the data without compromising edge features.To validate the effectiveness of the algorithm,we compared it with existing convolutional neural network(CNN)against the current mainstream data augmentation algorithms.Additionally,to verify the algorithm’s applicability to Transformer networks,we designed an encoder-decoder network structure based on Transformer to assess the generalization of our proposed algorithm.Experimental results demonstrate that,in the field of monocular depth estimation,our proposed method,Perpendicular-Cutdepth,outperforms traditional data augmentationmethods.On the indoor dataset NYU,our method increases accuracy from0.900 to 0.907 and reduces the error rate from0.357 to 0.351.On the outdoor dataset KITTI,our method improves accuracy from 0.9638 to 0.9642 and decreases the error rate from 0.060 to 0.0598. 展开更多
关键词 PERPENDICULAR depth estimation data augmentation
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Experiment and constitutive modelling of creep deformation in the frozen silt-concrete interface
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作者 HE Fei LIU Qingquan +4 位作者 LEI Wanyu WANG Xu MAO Erqing LI Sheng CHEN Hangjie 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第9期3172-3185,共14页
To ensure the long-term safety and stability of bridge pile foundations in permafrost regions,it is necessary to investigate the rheological effects on the pile tip and pile side bearing capacities.The creep character... To ensure the long-term safety and stability of bridge pile foundations in permafrost regions,it is necessary to investigate the rheological effects on the pile tip and pile side bearing capacities.The creep characteristics of the pile-frozen soil interface are critical for determining the long-term stability of permafrost pile foundations.This study utilized a self-developed large stress-controlled shear apparatus to investigate the shear creep characteristics of the frozen silt-concrete interface,and examined the influence of freezing temperatures(−1,−2,and−5°C),contact surface roughness(0,0.60,0.75,and 1.15 mm),normal stress(50,100,and 150 kPa),and shear stress on the creep characteristics of the contact surface.By incorporating the contact surface’s creep behavior and development trends,we established a creep constitutive model for the frozen silt-concrete interface based on the Nishihara model,introducing nonlinear elements and a damage factor.The results revealed significant creep effects on the frozen silt-concrete interface under constant load,with creep displacement at approximately 2-15 times the instantaneous displacement and a failure creep displacement ranging from 6 to 8 mm.Under different experimental conditions,the creep characteristics of the frozen silt-concrete interface varied.A larger roughness,lower freezing temperatures,and higher normal stresses resulted in a longer sample attenuation creep time,a lower steady-state creep rate,higher long-term creep strength,and stronger creep stability.Building upon the Nishihara model,we considered the influence of shear stress and time on the viscoelastic viscosity coefficient and introduced a damage factor to the viscoplasticity.The improved model effectively described the entire creep process of the frozen silt-concrete interface.The results provide theoretical support for the interaction between pile and soil in permafrost regions. 展开更多
关键词 Creep characteristics Contact surface frozen silt Constitutive model Freezing temperature
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Mechanical behaviors of warm and ice-rich frozen soil stabilized with sulphoaluminate cement
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作者 WANG Honglei ZHANG Hu +2 位作者 ZHANG Jianming ZHANG Qi YIN Zhenhua 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第1期335-345,共11页
The warm and ice-rich frozen soil is characterized by high unfrozen water content, low shear strength and large compressibility, which is unreliable to meet the stability requirements of engineering infrastructures an... The warm and ice-rich frozen soil is characterized by high unfrozen water content, low shear strength and large compressibility, which is unreliable to meet the stability requirements of engineering infrastructures and foundations in permafrost regions. In this study, a novel approach for stabilizing the warm and ice-rich frozen soil with sulphoaluminate cement was proposed based on chemical stabilization. The mechanical behaviors of the stabilized soil, such as strength and stress-strain relationship, were investigated through a series of triaxial compression tests conducted at -1.0℃, and the mechanism of strength variations of the stabilized soil was also explained based on scanning electron microscope test. The investigations indicated that the strength of stabilized soil to resist failure has been improved, and the linear Mohr-Coulomb criteria can accurately reflect the shear strength of stabilized soil under various applied confining pressure. The increase in both curing age and cement mixing ratio were favorable to the growth of cohesion and internal friction angle. More importantly, the strength improvement mechanism of the stabilized soil is attributed to the formation of structural skeleton and the generation of cementitious hydration products within itself. Therefore, the investigations conducted in this study provide valuable references for chemical stabilization of warm and ice-rich frozen ground, thereby providing a basis for in-situ ground improvement for reinforcing warm and ice-rich permafrost foundations by soil-cement column installation. 展开更多
关键词 Permafrost regions frozen soil Mechanical behavior Chemical stabilization Ground improvement Ground modification
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Applying the Dark Target Aerosol Algorithm to MERSI-Ⅱ:Retrieval and Validation of Aerosol Optical Depth over the Ocean
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作者 Xin PEI Leiku YANG +4 位作者 Weiqian JI Shuang CHEN Xiaoqian CHENG Xiaofeng LU Hongtao WANG 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第12期2446-2463,共18页
The Medium-Resolution Spectral Imager-Ⅱ(MERSI-Ⅱ)instrument aboard China’s Fengyun-3D satellite shares similarities with NASA’s Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)sensor,enabling the retrieval of g... The Medium-Resolution Spectral Imager-Ⅱ(MERSI-Ⅱ)instrument aboard China’s Fengyun-3D satellite shares similarities with NASA’s Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)sensor,enabling the retrieval of global aerosol optical depth(AOD).However,no officially released operational MERSI-Ⅱ aerosol products currently exist over the ocean.This study focuses on adapting the MODIS dark target(DT)ocean algorithm to the MERSI-Ⅱ sensor.A retrieval test is conducted on the 2019 MERSI-Ⅱ data over the global ocean,and the retrieved AODs are validated against ground-based measurements from the automatic Aerosol Robotic Network(AERONET)and the shipborne Maritime Aerosol Network(MAN).The operational MODIS DT aerosol products are also used for comparison purposes.The results show that MERSI-Ⅱ AOD granule retrievals are in good agreement with MODIS products,boasting high correlation coefficients(R)of up to 0.96 and consistent spatial distribution trends.Furthermore,the MERSI-Ⅱ retrievals perform well in comparison to AERONET and MAN measurements,with high R-values(>0.86).However,the low-value retrievals from MERSI-Ⅱ tend to be slightly overestimated compared to MODIS,despite both AODs displaying a positive bias.Notably,the monthly gridded AODs over the high latitudes of the northern and southern hemispheres suggest that MERSI-Ⅱ exhibits greater stability in space and time,effectively reducing unrealistically high-value noise in the MODIS products.These results illustrate that the MERSI-Ⅱ retrievals meet specific accuracy requirements by maintaining the algorithmic framework and most of the algorithmic assumptions,providing a crucial data supplement for aerosol studies and climate change. 展开更多
关键词 aerosol optical depth MERSI-Ⅱ MODIS dark target
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Influence of mixed layer depth on chlorophyll-a concentration in the Southern Ocean
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作者 Yuxin Shi Hailong Liu Quanan Zheng 《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第10期16-32,共17页
The element iron limitation is one of the crucial factors contributing to high nutrient low chlorophyll in the Southern Ocean(SO).Mixed layer dynamics regulate the availability of iron to phytoplankton.In this paper,w... The element iron limitation is one of the crucial factors contributing to high nutrient low chlorophyll in the Southern Ocean(SO).Mixed layer dynamics regulate the availability of iron to phytoplankton.In this paper,we investigate the influence of surface iron supplementation triggered by the mixed layer depth(MLD)variation on chlorophyll-a(Chl-a)concentration in the SO on seasonal and interannual timescales.This analysis is based on the Biogeochemical Southern Ocean State Estimate for the period from 2013 to 2021.We provide a comprehensive and systematic mapping of the regions within the SO,where Chl-a is affected by iron input related to MLD deepening.The relationship between the MLD and the Chl-a varies with the latitude on the seasonal time scale.Both the MLD and sea ice melting affect the distribution of Chl-a.On the interannual scale,iron supply due to MLD deepening occurs primarily north of 60°S.Horizontal advection-induced entrainment enhances the surface iron input during the austral summer,which favors Chl-a increase.In addition to the MLD,the melting of sea ice and cooling of the sea surface can also alter iron input and subsequently affect Chl-a distribution in the austral summer.During the austral winter,entrainment can boost iron stocks,stimulating a subsequent spring increase of Chl-a in the SO.Furthermore,sea surface temperature declines during the austral winter,promoting an increased iron supply and creating favorable conditions for the subsequent spring Chl-a increase in the SO. 展开更多
关键词 mixed layer depth ENTRAINMENT chlorophyll-a concentration Southern Ocean
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Extraction of Acoustic Normal Mode Depth Functions Using Range-Difference Method with Vertical Linear Array Data
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作者 GAO Siyu LI Weilu +2 位作者 ZHANG Yinquan LI Xiaolei WANG Ning 《Journal of Ocean University of China》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第4期871-882,共12页
Data-derived normal mode extraction is an effective method for extracting normal mode depth functions in the absence of marine environmental data.However,when the corresponding singular vectors become nonunique when t... Data-derived normal mode extraction is an effective method for extracting normal mode depth functions in the absence of marine environmental data.However,when the corresponding singular vectors become nonunique when two or more singular values obtained from the cross-spectral density matrix diagonalization are nearly equal,this results in unsatisfactory extraction outcomes for the normal mode depth functions.To address this issue,we introduced in this paper a range-difference singular value decomposition method for the extraction of normal mode depth functions.We performed the mode extraction by conducting singular value decomposition on the individual frequency components of the signal's cross-spectral density matrix.This was achieved by using pressure and its range-difference matrices constructed from vertical line array data.The proposed method was validated using simulated data.In addition,modes were successfully extracted from ambient noise. 展开更多
关键词 range difference depth function extraction normal mode
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The penetration depth of atomic radicals in tubes with catalytic surface properties
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作者 Domen PAUL Miran MOZETIC +3 位作者 Rok ZAPLOTNIK Alenka VESEL Gregor PRIMC Denis DONLAGIC 《Plasma Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第7期157-164,共8页
Catalysis of molecular radicals is often performed in interesting experimental configurations.One possible configuration is tubular geometry.The radicals are introduced into the tubes on one side,and stable molecules ... Catalysis of molecular radicals is often performed in interesting experimental configurations.One possible configuration is tubular geometry.The radicals are introduced into the tubes on one side,and stable molecules are exhausted on the other side.The penetration depth of radicals depends on numerous parameters,so it is not always feasible to calculate it.This article presents systematic measurements of the penetration depth of oxygen atoms along tubes made from nickel,cobalt,and copper.The source of O atoms was a surfatron-type microwave plasma.The initial density of O atoms depended on the gas flow and was 0.7×10^(21)m^(-3),2.4×10^(21)m^(-3),and 4.2×10^(21)m^(-3)at the flow rates of 50,300,and 600 sccm,and pressures of 10,35,and 60 Pa,respectively.The gas temperature remained at room temperature throughout the experiments.The dissociation fraction decreased exponentially along the length of the tubes in all cases.The penetration depths for well-oxidized nickel were 1.2,1.7,and 2.4 cm,respectively.For cobalt,they were slightly lower at 1.0,1.3,and 1.6 cm,respectively,while for copper,they were 1.1,1.3,and 1.7 cm,respectively.The results were explained by gas dynamics and heterogeneous surface association.These data are useful in any attempt to estimate the loss of molecular fragments along tubes,which serve as catalysts for the association of various radicals to stable molecules. 展开更多
关键词 oxygen plasma penetration depth CATALYSIS heterogeneous surface recombination atom loss
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Convergence Zone Width Analysis Based on Ray Cluster Theory and Its Application in the Array Depth Optimization of Active Sensors
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作者 HAN Zhibin SONG Jun +3 位作者 PENG Zhaohui MENG Lei YANG Hua SU Bing 《Journal of Ocean University of China》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第6期1460-1468,共9页
The active sensor often uses the convergence zone mode to detect a distant target in the deep ocean.However,convergence zones are regions with limited widths that only appear at some discrete distances.Thus,widening t... The active sensor often uses the convergence zone mode to detect a distant target in the deep ocean.However,convergence zones are regions with limited widths that only appear at some discrete distances.Thus,widening the width by adjusting the transmitting array depth facilitates target observation and detection.Traversal search is an effective method for determining the optimal depth,but the heavy computation burden resulting from the calculation of the transmission losses at all source depths impedes its application.To solve the problem,a fast method based on ray cluster theory is proposed.Due to the coherent sound field structure in the deep ocean,several ray clusters with different departure angles radiate from the source,where ray clusters with small departure angles reverse in the water and form a convergence zone.When the source is set to a depth that only the first ray cluster inverts in water,the maximum width of the convergence zone is obtained.Based on this,an optimal transmitting array depth selection method utilizing the reversion condition of the first ray cluster is formulated.Simulation results show that the active sensor can achieve a large convergence zone width with real-time performance using the proposed method. 展开更多
关键词 convergence zone deep ocean active sensor transmitting array depth ray cluster
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HVSR analysis of pumice sands for sediment depth characterization:A case study for Guadalajara,Mexico
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作者 Hafid Salgado M. Alejandro Ramírez-Gaytan +1 位作者 Adolfo Preciado Christian R.Escudero 《Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第3期577-591,共15页
The horizontal to vertical spectral ratio(HVSR)methodology is used here to characterize pumice soils and to image the three-dimensional surface geometry of Guadalajara,Mexico.Similar to other Latin American cities,Gua... The horizontal to vertical spectral ratio(HVSR)methodology is used here to characterize pumice soils and to image the three-dimensional surface geometry of Guadalajara,Mexico.Similar to other Latin American cities,Guadalajara is exposed to high seismic risk,with the particularity of being the largest urban settlement in Latin America built on pumice soils.Methodology has not yet been tested to characterize subsoil depths in pumice sands.Due to the questionable use of traditional geotechnical tests for the analysis of pumice soils,HVSR provides an alternative for its characterization without altering its fragile and porous structure.In this work,resonance frequency(F0)and peak amplitude(A0)are used to constrain the depth of the major impedance contrast that represents the interface between bedrock and pumice soil.Results were compared with borehole depths and other available geotechnical and geophysical data and show good agreement.One of the profiles estimated on the riverbanks that cross the city,reveals different subsoil thickness that could have an impact on different site responses on riverine areas to an eventual earthquake.Government and academic efforts are combined in this work to characterize depth sediments,an important parameter that impacts the regulations for construction in the city. 展开更多
关键词 subsoil of Guadalajara shallow soil thickness bedrock depth pumice soil characterization
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