Embryo Transfer Strategies for Women with Recurrent Implantation Failure During the Frozen-thawed Embryo Transfer Cycles:Sequential Embryo Transfer or Double-blastocyst Transfer?

Objective Both sequential embryo transfer(SeET)and double-blastocyst transfer(DBT)can serve as embryo transfer strategies for women with recurrent implantation failure(RIF).This study aims to compare the effects of SeET and DBT on pregnancy outcomes.Methods Totally,261 frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles of 243 RIF women were included in this multicenter retrospective analysis.According to different embryo quality and transfer strategies,they were divided into four groups:group A,good-quality SeET(GQ-SeET,n=38 cycles);group B,poor-quality or mixed-quality SeET(PQ/MQ-SeET,n=31 cycles);group C,good-quality DBT(GQ-DBT,n=121 cycles);and group D,poor-quality or mixed-quality DBT(PQ/MQ-DBT,n=71 cycles).The main outcome,clinical pregnancy rate,was compared,and the generalized estimating equation(GEE)model was used to correct potential confounders that might impact pregnancy outcomes.Results GQ-DBT achieved a significantly higher clinical pregnancy rate(aOR 2.588,95%CI 1.267–5.284,P=0.009)and live birth rate(aOR 3.082,95%CI 1.482–6.412,P=0.003)than PQ/MQ-DBT.Similarly,the clinical pregnancy rate was significantly higher in GQ-SeET than in PQ/MQ-SeET(aOR 4.047,95%CI 1.218–13.450,P=0.023).The pregnancy outcomes of GQ-SeET were not significantly different from those of GQ-DBT,and the same results were found between PQ/MQ-SeET and PQ/MQ-DBT.Conclusion SeET relative to DBT did not seem to improve pregnancy outcomes for RIF patients if the embryo quality was comparable between the two groups.Better clinical pregnancy outcomes could be obtained by transferring good-quality embryos,no matter whether in SeET or DBT.Embryo quality plays a more important role in pregnancy outcomes for RIF patients.

Artificial Cycle with or without a Depot Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Agonist for Frozen-thawed Embryo Transfer： An Assessment of Infertility Type that Is Most Suitable

The clinical outcomes of five groups of infertility patients receiving frozen- thawed, cleavage-stage embryo transfers with exogenous hormone protocols with or without a depot gonadotropin-releasing hormone （GnRH） agonist were assessed. A retrospective cohort analysis was performed on 1003 cycles undergoing frozen-thawed, cleavage-stage embryo transfers from January 1, 2012 to June 31, 2015 in the Reproductive Medicine Center of Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Region. Based on the infertility etiologies of the patients, the 1003 cycles were divided into five groups： tubal infertility, polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS）, endometriosis, male infertility, and unexplained infertility. The main outcome was the live birth rate. Two groups were set up based on the intervention： group A was given a GnRH agonist with exogenous estrogen and progesterone, and group B （control group） was given exogenous estrogen and progesterone only. The results showed that the baseline serum hormone levels and basic characteristics of the patients were not significantly different between groups A and B. The live birth rates in groups A and B were 41.67% and 29.29%, respectively （P〈0.05）. The live birth rates in patients with PCOS in groups A and B were 56.25% and 30.61%, respectively （P〈0.05）. The clinical pregnancy, implantation and on-going pregnancy rates showed the same trends as the live birth rates between groups A and B. The ectopic pregnancy rate was significantly lower in group A than in group B. We concluded that the live birth rate was higher and other clinical outcomes were more satisfactory with GnRH agonist co- treatment than without GnRH agonist co-treatment for frozen-thawed embryo transfer. The GnRH agonist combined with exogenous estrogen and progesterone worked for all types of infertility tested, especially for women with PCOS.

High-quality Cleavage Embryo versus Low-quality Blastocyst in Frozen-thawed Cycles:Comparison of Clinical Outcomes

This study compared the clinical outcomes of the frozen-thawed cycles of high-quality cleavage embryos with low-quality blastocysts to provide a reference for the choice of frozen-thawed embryo transfer schemes and to improve clinical pregnancy rates.A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of patients undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer at the Reproductive Medicine Center of Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from 2016 to 2017.In total,845 cases were divided into a high-quality cleavage embryo group(group A)and a low-quality blastocyst group(group B).Each group was further divided into subgroups based on the number of transplants.Group A was categorized into two subgroups comprising of 94 cases in subgroup Al(1 high-quality 8-cell group)and 201 cases in subgroup A2(2 high-quality 8-cell group).Group B was divided into four subgroups consisting of 73 cases in subgroup B I(D53BC group),65 cases in subgroup B2(D54BC group),110 cases in subgroup B3(D63BC group),and 282 cases in subgroup B4(D64BC group).The pregnancy outcomes and neonatal outcomes between the groups were compared.The clinical pregnancy rates(56.72%and 60.00%)and live birth rates(47.76%and 46.15%)in subgroups A2 and B2 showed no significant differences,but these rates were significantly higher in subgroups A2 and B2 than in the rest subgroups(P<0.05).The multiple birth rate(26.32%)in the subgroup A2 was significantly higher than that in the rest subgroups(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the abortion rates among all groups(P>0.05).In terms of neonatal outcomes,there were no statistically significant differences in the proportion of premature births,sex ratios,and birth defects among the low-weight and gigantic infants(P>0.05).Transplanting two high-quality cleavage embryos during the frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles could significantly increase clinical pregnancy rates and live birth rates,but at the same time,it also increased the risks of multiple births and complications to mothers and infants.The D54BC subgroup had the most significant advantages among all groups(P<0.05).The rest low-quality blastocysts had clinical outcomes similar to the single high-quality cleavage embryo group.

Pregnancy Outcomes for Day 5 Versus Day 6 Single Frozen-thawed Blastocyst Transfer with Different Qualities of Embryos: A Large Matched-cohort Study

Objective This study aimed to determine whether the day of blastocyst expansion affects pregnancy outcomes in frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer(FBT)cycles.Methods A retrospective match-cohort study was conducted.Patients who underwent blastocyst transfer in frozen-thawed cycles at day 5 or 6 were matched for potential confounding factors.A total of 2207 matched pairs of FBT cycles were included from January 2016 to December 2019 in our Reproductive Medicine Center.Results The clinical pregnancy rate(CPR)and live birth rate(LBR)were significantly increased in day 5 blastocyst transfers when compared to day 6 blastocyst transfers,in terms of the same embryo quality.For FBT cycles with good-quality embryo,the CPR at day 5 and 6 was 61.30%and 57.56%,respectively(P=0.045),and the LBR was 44.79%and 36.16%,respectively(P<0.001).For FBT cycles with poor-quality embryo,the CPR at day 5 and 6 was 48.61%and 40.89%,respectively(P=0.006),and the LBR was 31.71%and 25.74%,respectively(P=0.019).The CPR for FBT cycles with good-quality embryo was statistically higher at day 6 than that at day 5 with poor-quality embryo transferred(57.56%vs.48.61%,P=0.001).Maternal age,anti-Müllerian hormone(AMH),endometrial thickness,embryo quality,and the day of blastocyst expansion were independently correlated with the CPR and LBR.The FBT cycles at day 5 had significantly higher CPR(adjusted odds ratio[OR]=1.246,95%confidence intervals[CI]:1.097–1.415,P=0.001)and LBR(adjusted OR=1.435,95%CI:1.258–1.637,P<0.001)than those at day 6.Conclusion The embryo quality is the primary indicator for FBT cycles.Day 5 blastocysts should be preferred when the quality of embryo at day 5 is the same as that at day 6.

Serum β-hCG level on day 7 of frozen-thawed embryo transfer: association with the clinical pregnancy outcomes in artificial cycles

Objective:The relationship between serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin(β-hCG)levels of patients(7 days after the transplantation of frozen-thawed embryos)and the pregnancy outcomes was investigated.Methods:This study was designed as a retrospective clinical trial of 366 women who underwent frozen-thawed embryo transfers(FETs)in artificial cycles.Patients were divided into three groups:clinical pregnancy group,biochemical pregnancy group,and non-pregnant group according to their pregnancy outcomes.Serumβ-hCG levels were tested on day 4,7,9,11 and 14 after FET.Results:In the clinical pregnancy group,the serumβ-hCG levels after 7-day post-transplantation were significantly elevated(16.20 IU/L vs.3.07 vs.0.1 IU/L;P<0.05)compared with the other two groups.Furthermore,it was found that Area Under Curve(AUC=0.96)was significant with cut-off value higher than 4.26 IU/L(sensitivity=92.3%,specificity=90.2%)to predict the clinical pregnancy outcomes in the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis ofβ-hCG concentrations on day 7 of post-transplantation.Conclusion:Our results suggested that the elevated serumβ-hCG levels on day 7 of post-transplantation could predict the positive clinical pregnancy outcomes in artificial FET cycles.

Impact of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist and hormone replacement therapy on pregnancy outcomes in single euploid frozen-thawed embryo transfer for patients with endometrial polyps

Objective:Although consensus on the optimal endometrial preparation protocol for frozen-thawed embryo transfer(FET)is lacking,this is particularly true for patients with infertility and a history of endometrial polyps(EPs).In this study,we aimed to investigate whether a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist combined with hormone replacement therapy(GnRHa-HRT)could improve pregnancy outcomes in single euploid FET for patients with a history of EPs.Methods:In this retrospective cohort study,395 women who underwent their first single euploid FET cycle were divided into groups according to endometrial preparation protocols as follows:natural cycle(NC)(n=220),hormone replacement therapy(HRT)(n=122),and GnRHa-HRT groups(n=53).Subsequently,the FET cycles in the three groups were subdivided according to maternal age.All patients underwent hysteroscopic polypectomy before FET,and their EPs were confirmed by pathology.Results:No statistically significant differences were observed in live birth rates among the three groups(58.64%vs.58.20%vs.56.60%,P=0.964).Furthermore,the rates of miscarriage,ectopic pregnancy,premature live birth,and pregnancy complications were comparable among the three groups(P>0.05).After adjusting for potential confounding factors,no significant differences in pregnancy outcomes were reported between the groups(adjusted odds ratios[OR]and 95%credible intervals[CI]for live birth rate,HRTvs.NC:1.119,0.660–1.896,P=0.677;GnRHa-HRTvs.NC:1.165,0.610–2.226,P=0.643).Additionally,the pregnancy outcomes of the FET cycle were not influenced by the endometrial preparation protocols in the subgroups when stratified by maternal age(P>0.05).Conclusion:GnRHa-HRT did not improve the pregnancy outcomes of the single euploid FET in patients with a history of EPs.

Perinatal outcomes of frozen-thawed embryo transfer following blastocyst-stage embryo transfer compared to those of cleavage-stage embryo transfer:analysis of 9408 singleton newborns using propensity score analysis

Objective:Regarding frozen-thawed embryo transfer(FET),there is limited consensus on whether extending embryo culture from the cleavage stage to the blastocyst stage affects perinatal outcomes.This study aimed to compare perinatal outcomes of singletons between blastocyst-stage embryo transfer(BT)and cleavage-stage embryo transfer(CT)in FET.Methods:A total of 9408 FET cycles that met the inclusion criteria were included in this retrospective cohort study between 2019 and 2022.Blastocyst-stage embryo transfers were performed in the BT group,and cleavage-stage embryo transfers were performed in the CT group.Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed,as well as propensity score matching(PSM)to adjust for confounders.Results:After PSM,a higher risk of pre-term birth(PTB;odds ratio[OR]:1.23,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.00-1.50,P=0.048)and being large for gestational age(LGA;OR:1.16,95%CI:1.00-1.35,P=0.050)was observed in the BT group compared to that in the CT group.After stratified PSM,in the subgroup under 35 years of age,only an increased risk of LGA was observed in the BT group compared to the CT group.Perinatal outcomes in the double-embryo transfer subgroup were similar to those in the unstratified group.However,in the subgroup beyond 35 years of age and the single embryo transfer subgroup,perinatal outcomes were not statistically different between the BT and CT groups(P>0.05).Conclusions:In FET,prolonged embryo culture to the blastocyst stage increased the risk of PTB and LGA in single fetuses.However,stratified analysis based on age and the number of transferred embryos yielded different results,necessitating further mechanistic studies.

常规IVF不受精周期行补救卵母细胞单精子注射

【目的】探讨常规体外受精胚胎移植(in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer,IVF-ET)不受精时,应用卵母细胞单精子显微注射(intracytoplasmic sperm injection,ICSI)技术进行补救授精的临床意义。【方法】2001年8月～2005年8月,在499个常规IVF-ET周期中有25个周期完全不受精,进行补救ICSI,并与同期实施的179个正常ICSI周期进行比较。【结果】补救ICSI组与正常ICSI组比较,HCG日平均血清雌二醇水平、每个成熟卵泡平均血清雌二醇量、每个周期的获卵数无明显差别,补救ICSI受精率为57.7%,低于正常ICSI组(67.8%),补救ICSI组平均每个周期获得胚胎数(7.8±3.9)比正常ICSI(10.0±4.9)组少,且有统计学意义(P<0.01)。补救ICSI组≥4细胞的胚胎占总胚胎数的54.5%,低于正常ICSI组(87.5%),有统计学意义(P<0.01)。正常ICSI组妊娠率为38.5%,补救ICSI组无一例妊娠。补救ICSI组中有8例在下一周期行ICSI,有2例妊娠并分娩2个健康女婴。【结论】补救ICSI虽可以避免取消IVF周期,但其受精率和妊娠率低,其临床应用价值还有待于进一步探讨。对于常规IVF不受精的患者,再次治疗时可考虑行ICSI助孕。

不同促排卵方案对子宫内膜异位症患者体外受精-胚胎移植妊娠结局的影响

目的：探讨不同促排卵方案对子宫内膜异位症（endometriosis，EMs）患者体外受精-胚胎移植（in vitro fertilizationembryotransfer，IVF—ET）妊娠结局的影响。方法：回顾性分析郑州大学第三附属医院生殖中心2010年1月至2012年12月因EMs行IVF—ET共108个周期的患者临床资料，根据促排方案不同，分为长方案组（33个周期）和超长方案组（75个周期），比较2组患者助孕结局。结果：2组患者年龄、不孕年限及基础卵泡刺激素（folliclestimulation homone，FSH）、基础黄体生成素（1uteinizing hormone，LH）、基础雌二醇（estradion，E2）比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；超长方案组患者促性腺激素（gonadotropin，Gn）总量、Gn总天数均高于长方案组，但获卵数、卵裂数、可利用胚胎数和优质胚胎数均低于长方案组，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；超长方案组的临床妊娠率和胚胎植入率均高于长方案组，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：Ⅲ～Ⅳ期EMs患者使用超长方案促排卵可以提高IVF—ET的临床妊娠率及胚胎植入率。

子宫内膜轻微吸刮术改善反复着床失败妇女妊娠结局的应用

目的:探讨子宫内膜微吸刮术对反复着床失败妇女再次体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)临床妊娠结局的影响。方法:选择2011年8月至2012年5月北京大学第三医院生殖医学中心的164例反复着床失败妇女进行前瞻性对照研究,研究组82例于再次IVF-ET术前行子宫内膜轻微吸刮术,对照组82例IVF-ET术前未行子宫内膜轻微吸刮术。观察两组患者妊娠结局。结果:两组患者年龄、不孕年限、不孕原因、基础FSH值比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组间促性腺激素使用天数、HCG注射日子宫内膜厚度、获卵数、移植胚胎数比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组和对照组胚胎着床率(22.12% vs 10.55%)、临床妊娠率(41.46% vs 20.73%)及继续妊娠率(36.58% vs 15.85%)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:子宫内膜轻微吸刮术能提高反复着床失败妇女再次IVF-ET术后的临床妊娠率,改善临床妊娠结局。

进入体外受精-胚胎移植周期妇女应激情绪的研究

目的:探讨进入体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)周期妇女焦虑和抑郁情绪的变化特点。方法:征集46例将进行IVF-ET/胞浆内单精子注射(ICSI)的不孕症妇女,在进入治疗周期降调当日、取卵前1h、移植后12d等待人绒毛膜促性腺激素β亚单位(β-hCG)结果前这3个时间段的晨8:00～8:30间,在医院门诊采用状态焦虑和BECK抑郁量表进行心理测查并空腹采血。结果:①3个测试点妇女均有抑郁表现,但抑郁程度无差异。②状态焦虑均值在3个测试点有逐渐增高的趋势,测试点3较测试点1焦虑程度明显增高,有统计学差异(P<0.05)。③前3个测试点皮质醇激素水平显著高于正常参考值(P<0.01),测试点2和测试点3血浆皮质醇激素水平明显高于测试点1,并有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:进入IVF-EF周期妇女表现出较大的应激反应,并随治疗进展应激程度出现变化。应关注IVF妇女心理状况的变化。应以提高治疗的依从性和成功率。

草鱼贮藏过程中导电特性变化规律的研究

运用物理特性-伏安法测定了不同频率下冰鲜和解冻草鱼的阻抗,分析在不同贮藏时间下阻抗的相对变化值(Q值)的变化特点。结果显示:从1 kHz增大到10 kHz,冰鲜和解冻草鱼的阻抗均随着频率的增大而减小,冰鲜草鱼的阻抗相对变化值(Q值)明显大于解冻草鱼。冰鲜草鱼在第1、2、4、7、10天的阻抗相对变化Q值分别为:28.89%、25.10%、17.01%、11.65%、10.37%,而冷冻7、14、30 d后解冻草鱼的最大Q值分别为4.34%、4.18%、4.63%。结果表明:以Q值10%为界限,快速鉴定冰鲜草鱼和解冻草鱼是基本可行的。

雌二醇和口服避孕药在卵巢反应不良患者前期预处理中的作用

目的探讨雌二醇和口服避孕药前期预处理对体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)过程中卵巢反应不良患者的意义。方法将2007年1月至2009年2月北京大学第三医院生殖中心152例体外受精-胚胎移植过程中出现卵巢反应不良的患者分为3组,前期分别给予口服避孕药(OCP组)、戊酸雌二醇(E2组)和不给予任何药物(对照组),并对入选患者的临床资料进行分析,评估超促排卵的效果和IVF-ET的结局。结果 OCP组月经第2天>9mm以上卵泡数明显低于对照组(P=0.023),E2组周期取消率明显低于对照组(P=0.028),3组促性腺激素的刺激天数、用药总量、获卵率、受精率和流产率等比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对卵巢反应不良的患者,IVF-ET前应用OCP和E2可降低周期取消率,临床妊娠率有升高的趋势,口服避孕药和雌二醇预处理对改善卵巢反应不良患者的妊娠结局有益处。

阿司匹林联合泼尼松对抗磷脂抗体阳性者行IVF-ET妊娠结局的影响

目的:探讨阿司匹林联合泼尼松对抗磷脂抗体阳性者行体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)妊娠结局的影响。方法:选取抗心磷脂抗体(ACA)和(或)抗β2糖蛋白1抗体(Aβ2GP1)阳性的不孕症患者52例,其中30例患者于IVF-ET前给予阿司匹林及泼尼松治疗(研究组),余22例患者助孕前不予上述两种药物治疗(对照组),比较2组患者获卵数、受精率、卵裂率、可利用胚胎数、优质胚胎率、临床妊娠率、妊娠早期流产率的差异。结果:研究组和对照组获卵数差异无统计学意义(8.52±4.34 vs.9.67±4.02,P=0.312),研究组和对照组的受精率(80.43%vs.72.41%,P=0.032)、卵裂率(98.67%vs.94.64%,P=0.045)、可利用胚胎率(89.24%vs.76.73%,P=0.001),优质胚胎率(72.65%vs.42.77%,P<0.001)、累积临床妊娠率(66.67%vs.33.33%,P=0.013)差异有统计学意义,研究组均高于对照组,早期流产率虽低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(9.09%vs.50%,P=0.05)。结论:对于抗磷脂抗体阳性不伴有复发性流产史且拟行IVF-ET助孕的患者,助孕前给予小剂量阿司匹林及泼尼松治疗,有助于提高受精率、改善胚胎质量、提高临床妊娠率并可能改善助孕结局。

三种黄体支持方案对激素替代周期冻融胚胎移植妊娠结局的影响

目的探讨3种黄体支持方案对激素替代周期行冻融胚胎移植患者妊娠结局的影响。方法回顾性分析2011年10月至2013年10月在我院生殖中心接受激素替代周期冻融胚胎移植的219个周期,根据不同的黄体支持方案分为3组,A组使用黄体酮针(91例)、B组联合使用黄体酮胶囊和黄体酮软胶囊(68例)、C组联合使用地屈孕酮片和黄体酮软胶囊(60例)。比较并分析3种黄体支持方案患者的优胚数、冻胚数、胚胎冷冻时间、移植胚胎数、胚胎复苏率、移植日子宫内膜厚度、胚胎种植率、临床妊娠率和早期流产率。结果 3组患者优胚数、冻胚数、胚胎冷冻时间、移植胚胎数、胚胎复苏率、移植日子宫内膜厚度相比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05);A、B、C组患者的胚胎种植率分别为20.0%、19.8%、21.7%,临床妊娠率分别为35.2%、35.3%、38.3%,早期流产率分别为9.4%、12.5%、8.7%,3组相比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论黄体酮针、黄体酮胶囊联合黄体酮软胶囊、地屈孕酮片联合黄体酮软胶囊3种黄体支持方案在激素替代周期行冻融胚胎移植患者中可取得相似的临床效果。

进入IVF-ET治疗周期后妇女焦虑情绪的探讨

目的:通过分析不孕症妇女开始进入体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)治疗周期后不同时点状态焦虑的特点,以及与其人格特质性焦虑的关系,探讨相关心理支持的目标。方法:对接受IVF-ET治疗符合纳入标准的38例患者在进入治疗周期开始降调当天进行状态-特质焦虑问卷测查,取卵前1h内和移植后12d抽血等待β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-HCG)前分别进行状态焦虑问卷测查。结果:(1)特质焦虑均数为37.61±9.06。在3个测查点状态焦虑均数逐渐增高,分别是36.39±9.15,39.32±11.22和40.93±12.68,在移植后12d等待β-HCG结果前较进入治疗周期当天状态焦虑值有显著差异(P<0.05)。(2)根据特质焦虑分组研究发现:在3个测查点高特质焦虑组状态焦虑值均比低特质焦虑组高,差异有显著性(P<0.05);取卵后至等待β-HCG结果前状态焦虑程度较进入周期当天明显增高,这种趋势在高特质焦虑组表现尤为明显。结论:关注进入IVF-ET治疗周期后妇女的心理状态,有目的的减轻她们的心理压力,以提高治疗依从性和成功率。

HCG注射日应用彩色多普勒超声检测子宫内膜和内膜下血流评价IVF-ET结局

目的探讨HCG注射日应用彩色多普勒超声检测子宫内膜和内膜下血流在预测IVF-ET结局中的。方法选取2006年8月～2007年1月在该中心接受IVF-ET/ICSI-ET助孕的54例不孕症妇女,根据HCG注射日应用彩色多普勒超声检测子宫内膜和内膜下血流分布的情况分为A组(n=24):子宫内膜和内膜下均有血流通过;B组(n=19):内膜下有血流但内膜没有血流通过;C组(n=11):内膜和内膜下均无血流通过;随访IVF-ET结局,按妊娠与否分为妊娠组(n=26),胚胎移植后4、5周B超检查宫腔内见妊娠囊及有原始胎心管搏动)与非妊娠组(n=28)。比较A、B、C3组的临床特征、卵巢反应、内膜厚度及类型和妊娠结局。比较妊娠组与非妊娠组内膜厚度和类型。结果A、B、C3组的临床特征、卵巢反应、内膜类型比较差异均无显著性,内膜厚度C组均低于A组(P<0.05)和B组(P<0.05);A、B、C三组妊娠率(66.7%、42.1%和18.2%)和种植率(40.0%、21.1%和9.1%)比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。妊娠组与非妊娠组的内膜厚度及类型比较均差异无显著性。结论HCG注射日应用彩色多普勒超声检测子宫内膜和内膜下血流对IVF-ET的结局有一定的预测价值,是一种较好的、能在临床上普遍开展的无创伤性的预测方法。

舒适护理在经阴道超声引导下取卵术中的应用效果

目的观察舒适护理在经阴道超声引导下取卵术中的应用效果。方法选择2011年7月～2012年6月深圳市罗湖区人民医院生殖医学中心未开展舒适护理模式的704例取卵患者为对照组,2012年7月～2013年6月已开展舒适护理的765例患者为观察组。对照组给予常规护理,观察组在常规护理的基础上,给予舒适护理。进入周期时及取卵术后发放问卷,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)进行焦虑评分、简化舒适状况量表(GCQ)进行舒适度评分及满意度调查表进行患者对护理满意度评分。结果进入周期时对照组焦虑评分为(60.21±6.34)分,观察组为(60.64±6.41)分,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);取卵术后,观察组焦虑评分[(51.45±4.78)分]低于对照组[(43.28±4.02)分],两组比较差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01),两组取卵术后焦虑评分均低于进入周期时,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);取卵术后观察组患者生理、精神心理、环境、社会4个维度的舒适度得分[(3.02±0.25)、(3.46±0.17)、(3.16±0.43)、(3.27±0.26)分]均高于对照组[(2.96±0.14)、(3.01±0.21)、(2.98±0.35)、(3.04±0.38)分],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);观察组护理非常满意及满意率均明显高于对照组,而不满意率低于对照组,组间率的差异具有高度统计学意义(χ2=53.11,P<0.001)。结论经阴道超声引导下取卵术中实施舒适护理能缓解患者的焦虑情绪,增加患者的舒适感,同时有利于提高护理满意度。

代谢组学及其在辅助生殖技术中的应用前景

提高"试管婴儿"种植率并降低多胎妊娠率是现代辅助生殖技术(ART)的目标。为此,检测和优选配子及胚胎的方法是必不可少的,传统的形态学评估和植入前遗传学诊断技术虽然发挥了重要的作用,但是,现阶段尚缺乏一种客观而精确的评价配子和胚胎的方法。代谢组学是20世纪90年代发展起来的一门新兴学科,是系统生物学的重要组成部分,其精髓是在给定时间和给定条件下定量分析一个生物系统的细胞所有小分子的代谢物质。目前,国外关于代谢组学在辅助生殖技术中应用的报道虽然不多,但应用前景备受关注。

波尔山羊批量胚胎移植莎能奶山羊

采用阴道栓+FSH超数排卵,经产供体波尔山羊22只,在放栓后第9～11天,连续4d递减量肌肉注射FSH。22只供体羊发情与纯种波尔山羊种公羊配种后第7天,手术回收输卵管中早期发育胚胎再经手术移入同期发情的受体奶山羊输卵管内妊娠产仔。结果表明:1获得373枚早期胚胎,其中A级胚胎占31.1%(85/273),B级胚胎占49.5%(135/273),异常胚胎占19.4%(53/273)。2将167枚7日龄可用胚胎(A级和B级)移植147只受体羊输卵管内,移植后35d,妊娠98只,妊娠率为67%(98/147),83只羊足月产羔为89只,产羔率为85%(89/98),20只受体移植了两枚胚胎,只有6只产双羔。3羔羊出生重平均为3.7±0.54kg。每只供体羊平均产羔4.05只。胚胎移植所得羔羊的初生重与自然繁殖波尔羔羊无显著差异(P>0.05)。试验证明,山羊胚胎移植计划可使良种群体繁殖率提高3～5倍,优秀个体繁殖力提高6～8倍,从而加快纯种山羊的繁殖。