Changes of Endogenous Hormone Contents in Fruit, Seeds and Their Effects on the Fruit Development of Rosa roxburghii

The fruit of cultivar Guinong5 (Rosa roxburghii Tratt.) was used to investigate the regularity of its growth and development, and the changes of endogenous hormone contents during the period of the growth and development. The result showed that contents of GA 1+3, IAA and ZRs in the flower receptacle of young fruit were high and then decreased, contents of GA 1+3and IAA in seeds increased with its development until maturity. The contents of ZRs and ABA in the flower receptacle of young fruits and seeds were high, and then had a tendency of descent with the development of fruits. The contents of GA 1+3, IAA, ZRs and ABA in flower receptacle of young fruit with normal fertilization were much higher than those of in non-fertilization fruits. In the flower receptacle of malformed fruits, the contents of GA 1+3, IAA and ZRs in normally developing flower receptacle were significantly higher than those in malformed fruits. The growth and development of fruits depended largely on the seeds, development because the seeds in the fruits with non-fertilization failed to be formed or even formed but irreproducible, which would lead to the decrease of GA 1+3, IAA contents and the abnormal development of fruits. Therefore the fruits deformed and dropped inevitably.

荔枝果实发育时期的新划分

荔枝果实的个体发育应划分两个时期 (第Ⅰ期和第Ⅱ期 ) ,第Ⅱ期又可划分为两个亚期 (Ⅱa和Ⅱb)。第Ⅰ期是以果皮和种皮发育为主 ,为果实缓慢生长阶段 ,种子的溶质累积生长率小于水分累积生长率 ,果皮的溶质累积生长率与水分累积生长率近似 ;Ⅱa期大约维持 14d ,种胚快速生长 ,其它部分也有一定量的生长 ,溶质累积生长率大于水分累积生长率 ,而具败育种子果实不具有Ⅱa期 ;Ⅱb期大约持续2 1d ,假种皮快速膨大生长 ,溶质累积生长率小于水分累积生长率 ,成熟过程加速进行。聚类分析结果也进一步验证了这种划分方法符合数学变化规律。

文紫椒 1 号紫色果实各生长发育阶段的色素变化

【目的】探明文紫椒1号紫色果实各生长发育阶段的色素变化,为丘北辣椒新奇果色新品种的选育和生产应用提供依据。【方法】选择文紫椒1号为对象,将其果实分为5个生长发育阶段,采用分光光度法检测各阶段果实的叶绿素a(Chl a)、叶绿素b(Chl b)、叶绿素(a+b)〔Chl(a+b)〕、类胡萝卜素(Car)和总花色苷(TAC)含量,并分析其相关性。【结果】在文紫椒1号果实生长发育过程中,果实的Chl a、Chl b、Chl(a+b)和TAC含量均在生长发育的第4阶段最高,分别为0.225 mg/g FW、0.072 mg/g FW、0.297 mg/g FW和2.453(A 539.0-0.25A 657.0)/g FW,且均极显著高于其余各阶段;Car含量在第5阶段最高,为1.892 mg/g FW,极显著高于其余各阶段;Chl a与Chl b呈极显著正相关,Chl(a+b)与Chl a和Chl b呈极显著正相关,Car与Chl b呈极显著负相关,TAC与Chl a、Chl b和Chl(a+b)呈正相关。【结论】文紫椒1号果实在生长发育第1~3阶段由黄绿转为蓝绿、在第4阶段转为紫色、在第5阶段转为橙红色。