Determining the suitable fish farming conditions for optimal growth is necessary for aquaculture production, but it is not very obvious because it requires a good understanding of species biology. Thus, this study aim...Determining the suitable fish farming conditions for optimal growth is necessary for aquaculture production, but it is not very obvious because it requires a good understanding of species biology. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the effects of different temperature regimes, stocking densities, and feeding rates on the growth of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings that have been sex-reversed with 17α methyl testosterone. Three independent experiments were performed (with replicates) at the IRD Bel-Air fish farm (Dakar, Senegal) on 27-day-old fry maintained in six 25 L tanks with a batch of 100 individuals each. These fry were subjected to three different temperatures (26˚C, 28˚C, 30˚C;kept constant with thermostats), stocking densities (5, 10 and 15 ind/l) and feeding rates (5%, 10% and 15% of biomass;distributed three times a day). For the temperature and density treatments, fry was fed a pelleted feed containing 38% protein, distributed by hand at 10% of their total biomass, readjusted after each measurement. Growth performance (total weight, weight gain and daily weight gain), physicochemical parameters (temperature, oxygen, nitrite and phosphorus), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and survival rate (SR) were regularly monitored (weekly) during the experimental period. For the heat treatment, the results did not show an apparent relationship between growth performance and nitrite, phosphorus or dissolved oxygen (DO) contents. In contrast, there was a significant correlation between temperature and growth rates, with the best growth being obtained at 30˚C compared to 28˚C and 26˚C. Similarly, growth rates were correlated with stocking density and feeding rate but not with oxygen, temperature, nitrite or phosphorus levels. The best growth rates were observed at the lowest density (5 ind/l) and for the highest feeding rate (15% of biomass), which coincides with the best FCR and survival rates. Thus, 30˚C, 5 ind/l and 15% of biomass appeared to be the most favorable temperature, stocking density and feeding rate for optimal growth of Nile tilapia fry after inversion. The application of these results in the culture systems will allow to reach a good production of O. niloticus and thus to contribute to sustainable development of fish culture in Senegal.展开更多
为了完成线性调频(linear frequency modulation,LFM)信号的稀疏采样,并利用稀疏数据对原始信号参数进行估计,本文提出了一种基于Z变换和改进有限新息率(finite rate of innovation,FRI)的LFM信号参数估计方法。以Z变换理论为基础,设计...为了完成线性调频(linear frequency modulation,LFM)信号的稀疏采样,并利用稀疏数据对原始信号参数进行估计,本文提出了一种基于Z变换和改进有限新息率(finite rate of innovation,FRI)的LFM信号参数估计方法。以Z变换理论为基础,设计了一种数学模型,一旦信号能够表达成该数学模型的结构形式,就能通过Z变换和零化滤波器的方法估计信号参数。然后,利用了自相关延迟的FRI结构对LFM信号采样,该结构不仅完成了LFM信号的稀疏采样,而且稀疏采样结果能够与数学模型结构相符。在理论上通过数学论证的方式证明了所提方法能够用于获取LFM信号参数信息,并通过仿真和实测数据验证了所提方法的有效性,理论和实验结果表明该方法只需要4个采样点就能实现对LFM信号的参数估计,并且实验中的参数估计误差均在3%以内,极大的提高有限新息率采样的参数估计效率。展开更多
Fry rearing is one of the important stage which aims at obtaining high growth and survival for production of fingerlings required for stocking into grow out ponds as well as rehabilitation in natural habitat. This exp...Fry rearing is one of the important stage which aims at obtaining high growth and survival for production of fingerlings required for stocking into grow out ponds as well as rehabilitation in natural habitat. This experiment was conducted with the purpose to test the effect of dietary crude protein level (CP %) of feeds prepared from similar feed ingredients in different ratios on growth performance and survival rate of Rohu fry (Labeorohita). An initial density of 100 fry/m2 was maintained in hapa fixed in the cemented tank. The dietary CP% level of feed tested were 20% CP, 25% CP, 30% CP, and 35% CP fed at 5% body weight. The experiment ran for 53 nursing days. The results showed that there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the growth rate (g/day) of fry among treatments. Rather group fed with higher protein level grew comparatively better indicating possibility of increasing need of protein in diets. However, the survival rate (%) of rohu fry was significantly different (P < 0.05) in each tested CP% level of feed. Highest survival (82%) of fry was found in the feed of CP 35% and lowest (56%) in the feed of CP 25%. It was predicted that feed with increasing level of CP % in diet is essential for increasing survival rate.展开更多
探究鹰嘴豆对非油炸方便面品质及消化特性的影响,为低血糖生成指数(glycemic index predictive value,GI)的非油炸方便面的研发提供理论基础。通过添加不同含量的鹰嘴豆粉,分析其对非油炸方便面的混粉揉混特性、水分分布、糊化度、微观...探究鹰嘴豆对非油炸方便面品质及消化特性的影响,为低血糖生成指数(glycemic index predictive value,GI)的非油炸方便面的研发提供理论基础。通过添加不同含量的鹰嘴豆粉,分析其对非油炸方便面的混粉揉混特性、水分分布、糊化度、微观结构、质构特性、蛋白质二级结构及消化特性的影响。结果表明:当鹰嘴豆粉添加量为0%~30%时,面团耐揉性变差,蛋白质二级结构中α-螺旋和β-折叠结构含量增加,对方便面的微观结构无显著影响;当添加量超过30%时,揉混参数上升,蛋白质二级结构中无序结构增多,微观结构遭到明显破坏;鹰嘴豆粉的加入总体上会降低面团的弛豫时间,提高面团的持水能力,但会降低方便面的糊化度,蒸煮特性和质构特性变差;鹰嘴豆粉的添加会显著降低方便面的消化速率和GI。当鹰嘴豆粉添加量低于30%时可改善方便面的营养和加工特性,同时降低方便面的GI。展开更多
有限新息率(Finite Rate of Innovation,FRI)框架是针对非带限信号进行采样与重构的有效理论,然而该方法对脉冲频谱有特殊要求,对于复杂脉冲波形,方法可能失效。针对该问题,该文基于指数再生核设计了一种FRI采样与重构系统,其突出优势...有限新息率(Finite Rate of Innovation,FRI)框架是针对非带限信号进行采样与重构的有效理论,然而该方法对脉冲频谱有特殊要求,对于复杂脉冲波形,方法可能失效。针对该问题,该文基于指数再生核设计了一种FRI采样与重构系统,其突出优势是能够通过合理地设置再生核参数来增加对复杂波形的适应性。另一方面,考虑到系统稳定性和采样核的实现,再生核参数还需要满足额外的约束条件,文中具体分析了这些约束因素,并给出了设置方法。最后以线性调频相位编码混合波形为例进行了仿真,结果验证了该文方法的有效性。展开更多
在有限新息率(Finite Rate of Innovation,FRI)采样框架中,指数再生核具有良好的时域有限支撑特性,因此被广泛用作采样核。但是这一过程会将信号中的白噪声变为有色噪声,严重影响重构性能。为此,该文利用指数再生形式能够在卷积运算中...在有限新息率(Finite Rate of Innovation,FRI)采样框架中,指数再生核具有良好的时域有限支撑特性,因此被广泛用作采样核。但是这一过程会将信号中的白噪声变为有色噪声,严重影响重构性能。为此,该文利用指数再生形式能够在卷积运算中得以保留的特性,提出一种改进的指数再生采样核,其对应的系数矩阵能够保持噪声的统计特性,进而保证重构算法性能。仿真实验表明该文方法能够有效提升重构性能。展开更多
目的:确定不同乙醇含量酒炮炙牛膝对大鼠体外血栓形成的影响。方法:以皮下注射大剂量盐酸肾上腺素复加冰水浴造成大鼠急性血瘀模型,观察不同种类酒炮炙的牛膝对急性血瘀模型大鼠体外血栓、黏附率指标的影响。结果:血瘀模型大鼠血栓长度...目的:确定不同乙醇含量酒炮炙牛膝对大鼠体外血栓形成的影响。方法:以皮下注射大剂量盐酸肾上腺素复加冰水浴造成大鼠急性血瘀模型,观察不同种类酒炮炙的牛膝对急性血瘀模型大鼠体外血栓、黏附率指标的影响。结果:血瘀模型大鼠血栓长度及重量、血小板黏附率均显著升高;各牛膝样品水煎液(10 m l/kg)灌胃给药,可明显改善上述各项病理生理指标。其效果为:22%河南黄酒炙品组>16%花雕黄酒炙品组>牛膝生品组>白酒炙品组>蒸馏水炙品组。结论:牛膝各样品能明显提高大鼠抗血小板黏附和抗血栓形成作用,酒炙牛膝宜采用16%以上的黄酒作为辅料用酒,不宜直接采用白酒。展开更多
文摘Determining the suitable fish farming conditions for optimal growth is necessary for aquaculture production, but it is not very obvious because it requires a good understanding of species biology. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the effects of different temperature regimes, stocking densities, and feeding rates on the growth of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings that have been sex-reversed with 17α methyl testosterone. Three independent experiments were performed (with replicates) at the IRD Bel-Air fish farm (Dakar, Senegal) on 27-day-old fry maintained in six 25 L tanks with a batch of 100 individuals each. These fry were subjected to three different temperatures (26˚C, 28˚C, 30˚C;kept constant with thermostats), stocking densities (5, 10 and 15 ind/l) and feeding rates (5%, 10% and 15% of biomass;distributed three times a day). For the temperature and density treatments, fry was fed a pelleted feed containing 38% protein, distributed by hand at 10% of their total biomass, readjusted after each measurement. Growth performance (total weight, weight gain and daily weight gain), physicochemical parameters (temperature, oxygen, nitrite and phosphorus), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and survival rate (SR) were regularly monitored (weekly) during the experimental period. For the heat treatment, the results did not show an apparent relationship between growth performance and nitrite, phosphorus or dissolved oxygen (DO) contents. In contrast, there was a significant correlation between temperature and growth rates, with the best growth being obtained at 30˚C compared to 28˚C and 26˚C. Similarly, growth rates were correlated with stocking density and feeding rate but not with oxygen, temperature, nitrite or phosphorus levels. The best growth rates were observed at the lowest density (5 ind/l) and for the highest feeding rate (15% of biomass), which coincides with the best FCR and survival rates. Thus, 30˚C, 5 ind/l and 15% of biomass appeared to be the most favorable temperature, stocking density and feeding rate for optimal growth of Nile tilapia fry after inversion. The application of these results in the culture systems will allow to reach a good production of O. niloticus and thus to contribute to sustainable development of fish culture in Senegal.
文摘为了完成线性调频(linear frequency modulation,LFM)信号的稀疏采样,并利用稀疏数据对原始信号参数进行估计,本文提出了一种基于Z变换和改进有限新息率(finite rate of innovation,FRI)的LFM信号参数估计方法。以Z变换理论为基础,设计了一种数学模型,一旦信号能够表达成该数学模型的结构形式,就能通过Z变换和零化滤波器的方法估计信号参数。然后,利用了自相关延迟的FRI结构对LFM信号采样,该结构不仅完成了LFM信号的稀疏采样,而且稀疏采样结果能够与数学模型结构相符。在理论上通过数学论证的方式证明了所提方法能够用于获取LFM信号参数信息,并通过仿真和实测数据验证了所提方法的有效性,理论和实验结果表明该方法只需要4个采样点就能实现对LFM信号的参数估计,并且实验中的参数估计误差均在3%以内,极大的提高有限新息率采样的参数估计效率。
文摘Fry rearing is one of the important stage which aims at obtaining high growth and survival for production of fingerlings required for stocking into grow out ponds as well as rehabilitation in natural habitat. This experiment was conducted with the purpose to test the effect of dietary crude protein level (CP %) of feeds prepared from similar feed ingredients in different ratios on growth performance and survival rate of Rohu fry (Labeorohita). An initial density of 100 fry/m2 was maintained in hapa fixed in the cemented tank. The dietary CP% level of feed tested were 20% CP, 25% CP, 30% CP, and 35% CP fed at 5% body weight. The experiment ran for 53 nursing days. The results showed that there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the growth rate (g/day) of fry among treatments. Rather group fed with higher protein level grew comparatively better indicating possibility of increasing need of protein in diets. However, the survival rate (%) of rohu fry was significantly different (P < 0.05) in each tested CP% level of feed. Highest survival (82%) of fry was found in the feed of CP 35% and lowest (56%) in the feed of CP 25%. It was predicted that feed with increasing level of CP % in diet is essential for increasing survival rate.
文摘探究鹰嘴豆对非油炸方便面品质及消化特性的影响,为低血糖生成指数(glycemic index predictive value,GI)的非油炸方便面的研发提供理论基础。通过添加不同含量的鹰嘴豆粉,分析其对非油炸方便面的混粉揉混特性、水分分布、糊化度、微观结构、质构特性、蛋白质二级结构及消化特性的影响。结果表明:当鹰嘴豆粉添加量为0%~30%时,面团耐揉性变差,蛋白质二级结构中α-螺旋和β-折叠结构含量增加,对方便面的微观结构无显著影响;当添加量超过30%时,揉混参数上升,蛋白质二级结构中无序结构增多,微观结构遭到明显破坏;鹰嘴豆粉的加入总体上会降低面团的弛豫时间,提高面团的持水能力,但会降低方便面的糊化度,蒸煮特性和质构特性变差;鹰嘴豆粉的添加会显著降低方便面的消化速率和GI。当鹰嘴豆粉添加量低于30%时可改善方便面的营养和加工特性,同时降低方便面的GI。
文摘有限新息率(Finite Rate of Innovation,FRI)框架是针对非带限信号进行采样与重构的有效理论,然而该方法对脉冲频谱有特殊要求,对于复杂脉冲波形,方法可能失效。针对该问题,该文基于指数再生核设计了一种FRI采样与重构系统,其突出优势是能够通过合理地设置再生核参数来增加对复杂波形的适应性。另一方面,考虑到系统稳定性和采样核的实现,再生核参数还需要满足额外的约束条件,文中具体分析了这些约束因素,并给出了设置方法。最后以线性调频相位编码混合波形为例进行了仿真,结果验证了该文方法的有效性。
文摘在有限新息率(Finite Rate of Innovation,FRI)采样框架中,指数再生核具有良好的时域有限支撑特性,因此被广泛用作采样核。但是这一过程会将信号中的白噪声变为有色噪声,严重影响重构性能。为此,该文利用指数再生形式能够在卷积运算中得以保留的特性,提出一种改进的指数再生采样核,其对应的系数矩阵能够保持噪声的统计特性,进而保证重构算法性能。仿真实验表明该文方法能够有效提升重构性能。
文摘目的:确定不同乙醇含量酒炮炙牛膝对大鼠体外血栓形成的影响。方法:以皮下注射大剂量盐酸肾上腺素复加冰水浴造成大鼠急性血瘀模型,观察不同种类酒炮炙的牛膝对急性血瘀模型大鼠体外血栓、黏附率指标的影响。结果:血瘀模型大鼠血栓长度及重量、血小板黏附率均显著升高;各牛膝样品水煎液(10 m l/kg)灌胃给药,可明显改善上述各项病理生理指标。其效果为:22%河南黄酒炙品组>16%花雕黄酒炙品组>牛膝生品组>白酒炙品组>蒸馏水炙品组。结论:牛膝各样品能明显提高大鼠抗血小板黏附和抗血栓形成作用,酒炙牛膝宜采用16%以上的黄酒作为辅料用酒,不宜直接采用白酒。