This study investigates the transfer of the scrape-applied method from the electrodes of a lithium battery to the membrane-electrode assembly of fuel cells, including Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and Direct Met...This study investigates the transfer of the scrape-applied method from the electrodes of a lithium battery to the membrane-electrode assembly of fuel cells, including Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and Direct Methanol Fuel Cell. Three methods are commonly used to manufacture lithium battery electrodes： the roller-applied method, the spraying-applied method, and the scrape-applied method. This study develops novel scrape-applied equip- ment for lithium battery electrodes. This method is novel and suitable for producing fuel cell, better than other tradi- tional methods. In this study, the stability of coating process was tested by measuring the weight and thickness of a dry electrode. The stability and reproducibility of electrode fab- rication were examined by systematic data analysis. Finally, the study used a specially designed single cell composed of 16 conductive segments, which are insulated locally. The current passing through each segment was measured using Hall Effect sensors connected to the segment compartments. Based on the measured distribution of the local current in a segmented single cell, the influence of flooding and stoi- chiometry variation of feed gas was discussed in terms of electrochemical reaction rate. The experimental results serve as an important basis for future research in this field, which hold potential benefits to the academia and the industry.展开更多
With the increasing integration of traditional elec-tric vehicles(EVs),the ensuing congestion and overloading issues have threatened the reliability of power grid operations.Hydrogen has been advocated as a promising ...With the increasing integration of traditional elec-tric vehicles(EVs),the ensuing congestion and overloading issues have threatened the reliability of power grid operations.Hydrogen has been advocated as a promising energy carrier to achieve low-carbon transportation and energy(trans-energy)systems,which can support the popularization of fuel-cell hybrid EVs(FCHEVs)while enhancing the flexibility of power grids.In this paper,we propose an optimal scheduling framework for trans-energy systems that evaluates the merits of the hydrogen supply chain from water electrolysis,compressed storage and transportation to FCHEV utilization.A detailed FCHEV model is established,and mileage is modeled as a function of the stored electricity and hydrogen mass.A stochastic programming-based scheduling model is formulated,which minimizes the total cost of unit commitment and the hydrogen supply chain.The Dijkstra algorithm is adopted to search the shortest path for hydrogen transportation.Case studies demonstrate that FCHEVs can reduce the operational costs of tran-energy systems and facilitate the accommodation of renewable energy when compared to traditional EVs.Index Terms-Fuel-cell hybrid electric vehicle,hydrogen,mileage model,shortest path search,trans-energy systems.展开更多
As one of the important ways to utilize hydrogen energy,fuel cells are receiving more and more attention and research from countries and institutions.To meet the practical needs of testing the performance of high-powe...As one of the important ways to utilize hydrogen energy,fuel cells are receiving more and more attention and research from countries and institutions.To meet the practical needs of testing the performance of high-power fuel-cell systems and simulate the actual application environment as much as possible,a fuel-cell system test bench is usually used to test the system performance,in which the cooling-temperature control of the test bench has a great impact on the results of the performance of the fuel-cell system.This paper studies the cooling-temperature control strategy of a 150-kW-class fuel-cell engine test platform,proposes a new test-bench cooling-system structure with a thermostat and heat exchanger as the main heat-dissipation components,and compares and analyzes the impact of coordinated thermostat and heat-exchanger control on the fuel-cell system test performance.The test results show that the control strategy of the coordinated operation of a thermostat and heat exchanger can maintain the steady-state error to within±0.3℃and maintain the temperature variation to within±1.5℃during the loading-condition test,so as to avoid the limitation of system output performance due to excessive cooling-temperature fluctuation and ensure that the fuel-cell engine performance-test process is carried out smoothly and efficiently.展开更多
为有效地提高插电式燃料电池汽车的经济性,实现燃料电池和动力电池的功率最优分配,考虑到行驶工况、电池荷电状态(State of charge,SOC)、等效因子与氢气消耗之间的密切联系,制定融合工况预测的里程自适应等效氢耗最小策略.通过基于误...为有效地提高插电式燃料电池汽车的经济性,实现燃料电池和动力电池的功率最优分配,考虑到行驶工况、电池荷电状态(State of charge,SOC)、等效因子与氢气消耗之间的密切联系,制定融合工况预测的里程自适应等效氢耗最小策略.通过基于误差反向传播的神经网络来实现未来短期车速的预测,分析未来车辆需求功率变化,同时借助全球定位系统规划一条通往目的地的路径,智能交通系统便可获取整个行程的交通流量信息,利用行驶里程和SOC实时动态修正等效消耗最小策略中的等效因子,实现能量管理策略的自适应性.基于MATLAB/Simulink软件,搭建整车仿真模型与传统的能量管理策略进行仿真对比验证.仿真结果表明,采用基于神经网络的工况预测算法能够较好地预测未来短期工况,其预测精度相较于马尔可夫方法提高12.5%,所提出的能量管理策略在城市道路循环工况(UDDS)下的氢气消耗比电量消耗维持(CD/CS)策略下降55.6%.硬件在环试验表明,在市郊循环工况(EUDC)下的氢气消耗比CD/CS策略下降26.8%,仿真验证结果表明了所提出的策略相比于CD/CS策略在氢气消耗方面的优越性能,并通过硬件在环实验验证了所提策略的有效性.展开更多
文摘This study investigates the transfer of the scrape-applied method from the electrodes of a lithium battery to the membrane-electrode assembly of fuel cells, including Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and Direct Methanol Fuel Cell. Three methods are commonly used to manufacture lithium battery electrodes： the roller-applied method, the spraying-applied method, and the scrape-applied method. This study develops novel scrape-applied equip- ment for lithium battery electrodes. This method is novel and suitable for producing fuel cell, better than other tradi- tional methods. In this study, the stability of coating process was tested by measuring the weight and thickness of a dry electrode. The stability and reproducibility of electrode fab- rication were examined by systematic data analysis. Finally, the study used a specially designed single cell composed of 16 conductive segments, which are insulated locally. The current passing through each segment was measured using Hall Effect sensors connected to the segment compartments. Based on the measured distribution of the local current in a segmented single cell, the influence of flooding and stoi- chiometry variation of feed gas was discussed in terms of electrochemical reaction rate. The experimental results serve as an important basis for future research in this field, which hold potential benefits to the academia and the industry.
基金supported by the Smart Grid Joint Foundation Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China and State Grid Corporation of China(U1866204)and the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFF0305800)。
文摘With the increasing integration of traditional elec-tric vehicles(EVs),the ensuing congestion and overloading issues have threatened the reliability of power grid operations.Hydrogen has been advocated as a promising energy carrier to achieve low-carbon transportation and energy(trans-energy)systems,which can support the popularization of fuel-cell hybrid EVs(FCHEVs)while enhancing the flexibility of power grids.In this paper,we propose an optimal scheduling framework for trans-energy systems that evaluates the merits of the hydrogen supply chain from water electrolysis,compressed storage and transportation to FCHEV utilization.A detailed FCHEV model is established,and mileage is modeled as a function of the stored electricity and hydrogen mass.A stochastic programming-based scheduling model is formulated,which minimizes the total cost of unit commitment and the hydrogen supply chain.The Dijkstra algorithm is adopted to search the shortest path for hydrogen transportation.Case studies demonstrate that FCHEVs can reduce the operational costs of tran-energy systems and facilitate the accommodation of renewable energy when compared to traditional EVs.Index Terms-Fuel-cell hybrid electric vehicle,hydrogen,mileage model,shortest path search,trans-energy systems.
文摘As one of the important ways to utilize hydrogen energy,fuel cells are receiving more and more attention and research from countries and institutions.To meet the practical needs of testing the performance of high-power fuel-cell systems and simulate the actual application environment as much as possible,a fuel-cell system test bench is usually used to test the system performance,in which the cooling-temperature control of the test bench has a great impact on the results of the performance of the fuel-cell system.This paper studies the cooling-temperature control strategy of a 150-kW-class fuel-cell engine test platform,proposes a new test-bench cooling-system structure with a thermostat and heat exchanger as the main heat-dissipation components,and compares and analyzes the impact of coordinated thermostat and heat-exchanger control on the fuel-cell system test performance.The test results show that the control strategy of the coordinated operation of a thermostat and heat exchanger can maintain the steady-state error to within±0.3℃and maintain the temperature variation to within±1.5℃during the loading-condition test,so as to avoid the limitation of system output performance due to excessive cooling-temperature fluctuation and ensure that the fuel-cell engine performance-test process is carried out smoothly and efficiently.
文摘为有效地提高插电式燃料电池汽车的经济性,实现燃料电池和动力电池的功率最优分配,考虑到行驶工况、电池荷电状态(State of charge,SOC)、等效因子与氢气消耗之间的密切联系,制定融合工况预测的里程自适应等效氢耗最小策略.通过基于误差反向传播的神经网络来实现未来短期车速的预测,分析未来车辆需求功率变化,同时借助全球定位系统规划一条通往目的地的路径,智能交通系统便可获取整个行程的交通流量信息,利用行驶里程和SOC实时动态修正等效消耗最小策略中的等效因子,实现能量管理策略的自适应性.基于MATLAB/Simulink软件,搭建整车仿真模型与传统的能量管理策略进行仿真对比验证.仿真结果表明,采用基于神经网络的工况预测算法能够较好地预测未来短期工况,其预测精度相较于马尔可夫方法提高12.5%,所提出的能量管理策略在城市道路循环工况(UDDS)下的氢气消耗比电量消耗维持(CD/CS)策略下降55.6%.硬件在环试验表明,在市郊循环工况(EUDC)下的氢气消耗比CD/CS策略下降26.8%,仿真验证结果表明了所提出的策略相比于CD/CS策略在氢气消耗方面的优越性能,并通过硬件在环实验验证了所提策略的有效性.
