Fault-tolerant finite-time dynamical consensus of double-integrator multi-agent systems with partial agents subject to synchronous self-sensing function failure

This paper investigates fault-tolerant finite-time dynamical consensus problems of double-integrator multi-agent systems(MASs)with partial agents subject to synchronous self-sensing function failure(SSFF).A strategy of recovering the connectivity of network topology among normal agents based on multi-hop communication and a fault-tolerant finitetime dynamical consensus protocol with time-varying gains are proposed to resist synchronous SSFF.It is proved that double-integrator MASs with partial agents subject to synchronous SSFF using the proposed strategy of network topology connectivity recovery and fault-tolerant finite-time dynamical consensus protocol with the proper time-varying gains can achieve finite-time dynamical consensus.Numerical simulations are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.

Fault-Tolerant Dynamical Consensus of Double-Integrator Multi-Agent Systems in the Presence of Asynchronous Self-Sensing Function Failures

Double-integrator multi-agent systems(MASs)might not achieve dynamical consensus,even if only partial agents suffer from self-sensing function failures(SSFFs).SSFFs might be asynchronous in real engineering application.The existing fault-tolerant dynamical consensus protocol suitable for synchronous SSFFs cannot be directly used to tackle fault-tolerant dynamical consensus of double-integrator MASs with partial agents subject to asynchronous SSFFs.Motivated by these facts,this paper explores a new fault-tolerant dynamical consensus protocol suitable for asynchronous SSFFs.First,multi-hop communication together with the idea of treating asynchronous SSFFs as multiple piecewise synchronous SSFFs is used for recovering the connectivity of network topology among all normal agents.Second,a fault-tolerant dynamical consensus protocol is designed for double-integrator MASs by utilizing the history information of an agent subject to SSFF for computing its own state information at the instants when its minimum-hop normal neighbor set changes.Then,it is theoretically proved that if the strategy of network topology connectivity recovery and the fault-tolerant dynamical consensus protocol with proper time-varying gains are used simultaneously,double-integrator MASs with all normal agents and all agents subject to SSFFs can reach dynamical consensus.Finally,comparison numerical simulations are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.

Multiple failure function based fragility curves for structures equipped with TMD

This paper presents a procedure to develop fragility curves of structures equipped with TMD considering multiple failure functions.The failure criteria considered are maximum inter-story drift ratio as a safety criterion,maximum absolute acceleration as a convenience criterion and TMD stroke length.The relationship between intensity measure and responses of the structure was assumed to follow the power-law model,and a regression analysis was used to estimate its properties.A nonlinear eight-story shear building subjected to near-fault earthquakes was used for the numerical studies.Fragility curves using multiple and single failure functions for an uncontrolled structure and a structure equipped with optimal TMDs were developed.Numerical analysis showed that using multiple failure functions led to increasing the fragility when compared with using the single failure function for both the uncontrolled and controlled structures.However,TMDs slightly reduced the seismic fragility and have the capability to improve the reliability of the structure.Also,it was found that the fragility was significantly influenced by the values of the capacity thresholds of both the acceleration of the structure and TMD stroke length,which should be selected by considering the target performance and application of the structure and control device.

Analysis of functional failure mode of commercial deep sub-micron SRAM induced by total dose irradiation

Functional failure mode of commercial deep sub-micron static random access memory（SRAM） induced by total dose irradiation is experimentally analyzed and verified by circuit simulation. We extensively characterize the functional failure mode of the device by testing its electrical parameters and function with test patterns covering different functional failure modes. Experimental results reveal that the functional failure mode of the device is a temporary function interruption caused by peripheral circuits being sensitive to the standby current rising. By including radiation-induced threshold shift and off-state leakage current in memory cell transistors, we simulate the influence of radiation on the functionality of the memory cell. Simulation results reveal that the memory cell is tolerant to irradiation due to its high stability, which agrees with our experimental result.

Echocardiographic Evaluation of Cardiac Dyssynchrony in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure

The present study investigated the application of echocardiography to evaluation of cardiac dyssynchrony in patients with congestive heart failure（CHF）. A total of 348 consecutive CHF patients who were admitted for cardiac resynchronization（CRT） and presented with low ejection fraction（EF） and wide QRS duration were enrolled in this study, along with 388 healthy individuals. Dyssynchrony was assessed based on filling time ratio（FT/RR）, left ventricular pre-ejection delay（PED）, interventricular mechanical delay（IVMD）, longitudinal opposing wall delay（LOWD） and radial septal to posterior wall delay（RSPWD）. Response to CRT was defined as a ≥15% increase in EF. The results showed that FT/RR was decreased while PED, IVMD, LOWD and RSPWD were increased in the CHF group compared with the control group（P〈0.01）. In the CHF group, FT/RR was negatively correlated with the QRS duration, LV end-diastolic diameter（LVESd）, LV end-diastolic volume（LVEDV） and LV end-systolic volume（LVESV）（P〈0.01）, but positively with the LVEF（P〈0.01）. Additionally, PED, IVMD, LOWD and RSPWD were positively correlated with the QRS duration, LVESd, LVEDV and LVESV（P〈0.01）, but negatively with the LVEF（P〈0.01）. The CHF group was divided into three subgroups according to the varying degrees of LVEF. FT/RR decreased successively from the LVEF-1 group to the LVEF-2 group to the LVEF-3 group, while the PED, IVMD, LOWD and RSPWD successively increased in the same order（P〈0.01）. The CHF group was divided into three subgroups according to the varying degrees of QRS duration, and FT/RR decreased successively in a sequence from the QRS-1 group to the QRS-2 group to the QRS-3 group, while the PED, IVMD, LOWD and RSPWD successively increased in the same order（P〈0.01）. Speckle tracking radial dyssynchrony ≥130 ms was predictive of an EF response in patients in QRS-1 group（78% sensitivity, 83% specificity）, those in QRS-2 group（83% sensitivity, 77% specificity） and in QRS-3 group（89% sensitivity, 79% specificity）. In conclusion, echocardiography is a convenient and sensitive method for evaluating cardiac dyssynchrony in patients with CHF.

Optimal layout model of feeder automation equipment oriented to the type of fault detection and local action

In feeder automation transformation there are difficulties in equipment and location selection.To help with this,an optimal layout model of feeder automation equipment oriented to the type of fault detection and local action is pro-posed.It analyzes the coordination relationship of the three most common types of automation equipment,i.e.,fault indicator,over-current trip switch and non-voltage trip switch in the fault handling process,and the explicit expres-sions of power outage time caused by a fault on different layouts of the above three types of equipment are given.Given constraints of power supply reliability and the goal of minimizing the sum of equipment-related capital invest-ment and power interruption cost,a mixed-integer quadratic programming model for optimal layout is established,in which the functional failure probability of equipment is linearized using the 3δprinciple in statistics.Finally,the basic characteristics of the proposed model are illustrated by different scenarios on the IEEE RBTS-BUS6 system.It can not only take into account fault location and fault isolation to enhance user power consumption perception,but also can guide precise investment to improve the operational quality and efficiency of a power company.

Two cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation

To report the clinical experiences of simultaneous hepatorenal transplantation Methods We performed simultaneous hepatorenal transplantation in one patient with liver cirrhosis of hepatitis B and uremia of chronic nephritis on February 1, 1999 and one patient with liver cirrhosis of hepatitis B complicated by hepatorenal syndrome on March 12,1999 The donors were heart arrest cases Rapid multiple organ harvesting techniques and UW solution infusion in situ were used Liver and kidney transplantation were orthotopic and ordinary methods, respectively Immunosuppressive drugs consisted of cyclosporine, Cellcept, ALG and cortstco steroids Lamividine was used on day 50 and day 40 postoperation, respectively Results Both transplanted organs rapidly achieved normal function postoperation and the patients recovered well but suffered mild kidney rejection day 110 postoperation in No 1 patient In No 2 patient, acute renal function failure, mental symptoms, muscle spasm, cerebral artery thrombosis, inhalation pneumonia and chronic liver graft rejection ensured sequentially but were controlled The patients have survived for more than nine and eight months, respectively, with normal life quality Conclusions Combined hepatorenal transplant is a radical treatment method for liver and kidney function failure and requires more comprehensive techniques than isolated single organ transplantation Preventing the recurrence of hepatitis B by oral lamividine may be a key to long term survival