Chinese Trade Unions Strive to Protect Workers' Rights and Interests in Dealing with the Global Financial Crisis

Protecting the rights and interests of workers and staff members constitutes an important aspect of China＇s human rights protection. At the time when the country is dealing with impacts of the global financial crisis, the All-China Federation of Trade Unions has been working fruitfully and effectively to accelerate economic and social development and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of workers, therefore making contributions to the protection of the rights and interests of Chinese workers. Now I would like to make a brief introduction on this subject.

Predicaments and Countermeasures of the Protection of Migrant Workers' Human Rights——From the Perspective of the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families

International migration mainly happens between the North and the South Mig rant workers have made important contributions to the inclusive growth and sustainable development of world economy, but their human rights are often violated In recent years, frequent extreme terrorists attacks and large-scale refugee influxes have triggered anti-for eign sentiment and policies in developed countries, which expose migrant workers to an unprecedented human rights crisis The International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families is an important convention adopted by the United Nations that specially protects human rights of migrant workers However, as the convention has not been ratified by major developed countries where most migrant workers seek employment, the protection regime has an empty shell Developing countries where most migrant workers originate from should strengthen cooperation among themselves and urge developed countries to fulfill the duty of human rights protection by normalizing the status of migrant workers and that of members of their families in employment countries and ratifying the convention as soon as possible.

Experts on Protection of Workers' Right to Remuneration in Accordance With Labor Law

Adozen experts of law gathered on April 1, 2003 to share their views on protection of the workers’ right to remuneration for their work in accordance with the Labor Law of the People’s Republic of China. That took place at a seminar jointly sponsored by the Human Rights and the Beijing-based Democracy and Law magazines and the Branch of Labor and Social Security Laws of the Beijing Society of Law. Participants were from the All-China Federation of Trade Unions,

Zhejiang Keen to Protect Migrant Workers' Rights and Interests

EDITOR＇S NOTE： FoUowing are some of the stories about how migrant workers＇ rights and interests are protected in Zhejiang, one of the best developed province on the Chinese mainland. Through interviews with more than 100 migrant workers in the province, we found that migrant workers there enjoy equal treatment as their counterparts registered as urban residents, and that their rights and interests are effectively protected.

Revision of Trade Union Law: For Better Protection of Workers' Rights and Interests

On October 27, 2001, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress adopted a decision on revision of the People's Republic of China Trade Union Law. Guan Huai, legal advisor to the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, had the following to say in an interview with the Human Rights:

On Protection of Worker Rights by Union Organizations through Handling of Letters & Visits

Chinese trade unions have always been keen on devel- oping and protecting worker rights. Today, they have the task of helping build up harmonious labor relations. By working to properly handle letters and visits, union orga- nizations aim at resolving problems workers are most concerned with, problems that are most practical and affect the immediate interests of work- ers. The job is of great significance to the country＇s endeavor to ensure decent labor and social stability.

On the Criminal Protection of the Right to Education of Chinese Citizens——With a Review on Article 32 of the Amendment to the Criminal Law(Ⅺ)

The Amendment(Ⅺ)to the Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China responds to the institutional needs of civic education,and supplements the clause of the Criminal Law on protection of citizens’right to education nuy means of Article 32.Imposing legal responsibility in the form of internal punishments,administrative punishments,and economic compensation have failed to prevent infringements on citizens’right to education.Its role as a"secondary protection law"is the conceptual obstacle that hinders the Criminal Law from effectively intervening in the field of citizens’right to education.The equivalence between the legal interests of people to the right to education and the rights protected by the existing charges in the Criminal Law is the legitimate basis for it to intervene in disputes over the right to education.Based on Article 32 of the Amendment(Ⅺ)to the Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China,it is suggested to further clarify the prepositional law,improve the liability provisions for the right to education,change the modest and restrained view of the Criminal Law regarding protection of the right to education,and expand the behavior types of Article 32 provided in the Amendment(Ⅺ)in due time.

国家保护义务视域下生态权的宪法言说

生态权是以生态利益为法益的一种新型人权,它的提出有助于纾解环境权的逻辑和属性争议。生态权的主观权利功能要件缺失,致使其宪法保障不足,需要借助双重性质理论对生态权的功能进行重新审视。面对日益凸显的生态环境问题,国家同时承担消极义务和积极义务,这意味着国家不仅不能侵害公民生态利益,而且应支持公众参与和监督;此外,国家还应通过积极行动,预防、排除生态环境侵害行为,并为权利主体提供有效救济措施,实现对公民生态权的全面保护。

急性呼吸窘迫综合征的右心功能评估与保护策略研究进展

中重度急性呼吸窘迫综合征往往合并右心功能损伤,急性右心功能障碍破坏血流动力学的稳定,是ARDS死亡的主要风险因素。右心不仅是连接体循环和肺循环的通路,而且具有储器功能和泵功能,在血液循环中始终发挥着不可忽视的作用。急性呼吸窘迫综合征发生时,只有综合分析右心功能及其前后负荷变化、维持右室收缩力、优化右室充盈压和降低右心后负荷,才能更好地预防和处理ARDS合并急性右心衰竭。

优化生育背景下江苏省女职工职业发展和权益保障状况调查与分析

通过针对江苏省女职工生产生活的新变化、新特点,特别是职业发展和权益保障中遇到的新情况、新问题进行调研分析,发现目前女职工职业发展状况、劳动、就业等方面中还存在一些问题。对此,我们可以通过全面提升女职工综合素质,造就适应新时代发展要求的女职工队伍;加大维权力度,进一步保障女职工合法权益和特殊利益不受侵害;推进家庭友好型工作场所建设,帮助女职工平衡工作与家庭等建议与对策,从而推动女职工在国家优化生育政策下的择业、就业、职业发展和劳动保障等各个方面得到公平对待。

超龄劳动者劳动权益保护法律适用研究

超龄劳动者劳动权益保护纠纷是劳动人事争议中的重要案件类型,妥善解决与否直接关系到积极应对人口老龄化国家战略的落实。审判实践中,存在超龄劳动者用工关系性质认定不一、工伤认定难、缴纳社会保险难等问题。面对实践中的疑难问题,超龄劳动者劳动权益保护纠纷裁判规则可作出如下调整:首先,此类劳动者在劳动报酬、工作时间、休息休假、劳动安全卫生、工伤保险待遇等方面适用劳动基准。其次,《劳动合同法》第44条规定的“开始依法享受基本养老保险待遇”仅指职工基本养老保险待遇。最后,用人单位在劳动者享受基本养老保险待遇、达到退休年龄的情况下终止劳动合同,不承担支付赔偿金的责任,应否支付经济补偿可视其是否存在《劳动合同法》第38条规定情形进行类型化的分析和裁量。

新业态劳动者权利保护的司法路径探析

信息化时代,数字经济、电子商务平台、云计算、大数据等新技术的快速发展,出现了诸多新的就业形态,这一新业态的出现对于增加稳定就业、提升居民经济收入等产生了积极的促进作用。为了更好地保护新业态从业劳动者的合法权益,需要通过司法路径加强对其保护力度。为此,应当统一新业态劳动者与第三人的人身损害的法律适用,规范新业态领域用工单位格式合同,从顶层制度入手完善法律法规,完善举证责任倒置规定,规范劳动者与用人单位之间的法律关系,切实保护新业态模式下劳动者的合法权益。

新生代农民工城市融入及维权方式现状研究

从网络视角研究新生代农民工的城市融入和维权方式现状发现:不同性别、是否具有环境危机感、不同文化程度和不同职业的新生代农民工的网络支持状况与城市融入程度都具有显著差异:新生代农民工网络支持状况与其城市融入程度相关性显著,呈正相关关系;1980一1989年出生与1990年以后出生的新生代农民工城市融入状况与获得的网络支持相关性都十分显著,但1990年以后出生的新生代农民工选择的不同维权方式与获得网络支持的相关性并不显著。因此,应加强政府在新生代农民工城市融入及维权时的作用,为其提供制度和法律法规的支持;对新生代农民工的组织化管理不仅有利于这一群体的城市融入,而且能在其维权时提供有力支持;发挥网络媒体的多重功效,为新生代农民工城市融入及维权提供积极帮助。

老年维权话语构式的主观性及其语用功能

本研究基于语言主观性和构式语法理论,运用文本分析法,探究老年人维权话语构式隐藏的主观性及其语用功能。研究发现:老年维权话语构式可分为语篇、句法和词汇三类;老年维权话语构式体现了老年人的维权视角、情感和认识等主观性;老年维权话语构式昭显了老年人实现维权需求、实施公开谴责以及维护自身与听话人面子等语用功能。本研究有利于深入挖掘话语背后的主观性及其语用功能,拓展构式和老年维权话语的研究范围。

新生代农民工宅基地资格权保障的法理逻辑与优化路径

新生代农民工作为农业转移人口中市民化的主力军,也是最能体现身份转换过程的群体代表。如何在宅基地制度改革中保障好这一庞大群体的宅基地权益,事关我国城乡融合发展与农民市民化进程的稳步推进。保障新生代农民工宅基地权益旨在帮助其实现从农民到市民的根本性身份转变,宅基地资格权正是认定其能否享有宅基地权益的核心要素;宅基地资格权是农村集体经济组织成员权的具象化,是成员权权利束项下的具体权利,也是其享受其他宅基地权益的前提;获得财产性权利是新生代农民工行使资格权的结果。梳理历史逻辑、现状逻辑和价值逻辑这三条线索,厘清新生代农民工宅基地权益的法理逻辑和对宅基地权益保障的真实需求。应清晰界定资格权多元认定标准,丰富宅基地资格权实现形式,分阶段引导新生代农民工逐步退出宅基地权利。

三孩生育政策下女性劳动权益保护研究

三孩生育政策的推出是我国人口政策的一项重大调整。女性既享有劳动权,有通过劳动实现自我价值的权利,又是生育行为的主要承担者,生育政策的调整使育龄女性在“劳动者”与“生育者”两种身份间的博弈愈加明显。三孩生育政策下,可能的就业性别歧视加剧、生育保障配套措施落后等问题使女性劳动者在“生育”与“就业”间进退维谷。文章从劳动保护与生育保障两个角度出发,重点分析女性劳动者在现行劳动及生育保障制度方面的困境,以保护女性劳动者的劳动权益为目的,提出应制定《反就业歧视法》、拓宽妇女劳动权益救济途径、加强生育保障制度建设、全面构建家庭友好型工作场所等对策,以促进生育友好型社会的构建,在提升生育率的同时保证女性就业率。

共同富裕视阈下新业态劳动者权益的法治保障

平台新型用工形态具有雇佣灵活化、用工外部化、组织碎片化、工时随意性等特点,具备自雇劳动特征,难以纳入我国现行劳动法规范体系调整。统筹处理好促进新业态发展和劳动者权益维护,对平台经济新型用工进行法律调整与制度供给,消除新业态劳动者权益保障制度障碍,是实现共同富裕的必然要求。应在法规范层面突破扩大劳动法适用范围的传统观点,将平台新型用工关系纳入民事雇佣关系,确立平台工作者“自雇者”法律地位;在保障制度层面,基于私法社会化原则建立替代性非传统工会组织矫正“算法”不平等,并以“多雇主平台工作者社会保险账户”为基础发展平台企业新型社会保险责任。在保证新业态经济得以延续自雇劳动前提下,换取平台承认和保护自雇劳动者权益,防止扩大劳动者身份的滥用对新业态活力的冲击,减少因新型用工性质而生的法律纠纷,平衡平台与从业者之间利益,实现共同富裕。

基于安全防护功能的夏季环卫清扫服设计

文章基于对夏季环卫清扫服功能性的分析总结,从安全性、舒适性、美观性、防护性等要素出发,结合环卫清扫工作者日常工作的动作分析,设计了一款夏季功能性服装,为环卫工作者的功能性服装设计提供参考。

互联网时代劳动者离线权制度保障

随着互联网技术的发展,劳动者的私人时间不断被工作侵占,基于远程办公制度的完善、休息权的盖然性要求与劳资矫正正义的理论支撑,离线权已成为数字时代下劳动者权益保护的重要内容。目前,许多国家通过赋予劳动者下班后“断联”、无视与工作有关通信的权利,并采取技术措施规范办公软件的使用,引入集体谈判制度。我国的制度体系设计也可以采用“法律确认+执行多样”的方式,明确主客体及权利义务内容,明确举证责任分配,强化依职权的数字监管体系,引入劳动者吹哨人制度等手段保障劳动者离线权的实现。