Incremental multivariable predictive functional control and its application in a gas fractionation unit

The control of gas fractionation unit(GFU) in petroleum industry is very difficult due to multivariable characteristics and a large time delay.PID controllers are still applied in most industry processes.However,the traditional PID control has been proven not sufficient and capable for this particular petro-chemical process.In this work,an incremental multivariable predictive functional control(IMPFC) algorithm was proposed with less online computation,great precision and fast response.An incremental transfer function matrix model was set up through the step-response data,and predictive outputs were deduced with the theory of single-value optimization.The results show that the method can optimize the incremental control variable and reject the constraint of the incremental control variable with the positional predictive functional control algorithm,and thereby making the control variable smoother.The predictive output error and future set-point were approximated by a polynomial,which can overcome the problem under the model mismatch and make the predictive outputs track the reference trajectory.Then,the design of incremental multivariable predictive functional control was studied.Simulation and application results show that the proposed control strategy is effective and feasible to improve control performance and robustness of process.

Block copolymer electrolyte with adjustable functional units for solid polymer lithium metal battery

Solid polymer electrolytes have been considered as the promising candidates to improve the safety and stability of high-energy lithium metal batteries.However,the practical applications of solid polymer electrolytes are still limited by the low ionic conductivity,poor interfacial contact with electrodes,narrow electrochemical window and weak mechanical strength.Here,a series of novel block copolymer electrolytes with three-dimensional networks are designed by cross-linked copolymerization of the polyethylene glycol soft segments and hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer hard segments.Their ionic migration performances and interface compatibilities with Li metal anode have been optimized delicately by tailoring the ratio of these functional units.The optimized block copolymer electrolyte has shown an amorphous crystalline structure,a high ionic conductivity of ~5.7×10^(-4)S cm^(-1),high lithium ion transference number(~0.49),wide electrochemical window up to ~4.65 V(vs.Li+/Li) and favorable mechanical strength at 55℃.Furthermore,the enhanced interface compatibility can well support the normal operations of lithium metal batteries using both LiFePO4 and LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 cathodes.This study not only paves a new way to develop solid polymer electrolyte with optimizing functional units,but also provides a polymer electrolyte design strategy for the application demand of lithium metal battery.

Dual-doping for enhancing chemical stability of functional anionic units in sulfide for high-performance all-solid-state lithium batteries

The sulfide-based solid-state electrolytes(SEs)reactivity toward moisture and Li-metal are huge barriers that impede their large-scale manufactu ring and applications in all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs).Herein,we proposed an Al and O dual-doped strategy for Li_(3)PS_(4)SE to regulate the chemical/electrochemical stability of anionic PS_(4)^(3-)tetrahedra to mitigate structural hydrolysis and parasitic reactions at the SE/Li interface.The optimized Li_(3.08)A_(10.04)P_(0.96)S_(3.92)O_(0.08)SE presents the highestσLi+of 3.27 mS cm^(-1),which is~6.8 times higher than the pristine Li_(3)PS_(4)and excellently inhibits the structural hydrolysis for~25 min@25%humidity at RT.DFT calculations confirmed that the enhanced chemical stability was revealed to the intrinsically stable entities,e.g.,POS33-units.Moreover,Li_(3.08)Al_(0.04)P_(0.96)S_(3.92)O_(0.08)SE cycled stably in Li//Li symmetric cell over 1000 h@0.1 mA cm^(-2)/0.1 mA h cm^(-2),could be revealed to Li-Al alloy and Li_(2)Oat SE/Li interface impeding the growth of Li-dendrites during cycling.Resultantly,LNO@LCO/Li_(3.08)Al_(0.04)P_(0.96)S_(3.92)O_(0.08)/Li-In cell delivered initial discharge capacities of 129.8 mA h g^(-1)and 83.74%capacity retention over 300 cycles@0.2 C at RT.Moreover,the Li_(3.08)Al_(0.04)P_(0.96)S_(3.92)O_(0.08)SE presented>90%capacity retention over 200 and 300 cycles when the cell was tested with LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.15)Al_(0.05)O_(2)(NCA)cathode material vs.5 and 10 mg cm^(-2)@RT.

Unit 1 of Ling’ao Nuclear Power Plant phase II underwent hot functional test successfully

On February 25, the Unit 1 of Ling’ao Nuclear Power Plant phase II underwent a 41-day-long hot functional test successfully with its major systems satisfying the requirements for

SCHWARZ-PICK ESTIMATES FOR PARTIAL DERIVATIVES OF ARBITARY ORDER OF BOUNDED HOLOMORPHIC FUNCTIONS IN THE UNIT BALL OF C^n

This paper gives a Schwarz-Pick estimate for bounded holomorphic functions in the unit ball of C n .

A SCHWARZ LEMMA FOR HARMONIC FUNCTIONS IN THE REAL UNIT BALL

We establish a precise Schwarz lemma for real-valued and bounded harmonic functions in the real unit ball of dimension n. This extends Chen's Schwarz-Pick lemma for real-valued and bounded planar harmonic mapping.

Uniqueness Theorem of Algebroidal Function in the Unit Disc

In this paper, discussed are the problems about uniqueness of algebroidal functions in the unit disc with share-values in a sector domain instead of the whole disk. Results are obtained extending some uniqueness theorems of meromorphic functions.

Cost Effective Operating Strategy for Unit Commitment and Economic Dispatch of Thermal Power Plants with Cubic Cost Functions Using TLBO Algorithm

This paper deals with a Unit Commitment (UC) problem of a power plant aimed to find the optimal scheduling of the generating units involving cubic cost functions. The problem has non convex generator characteristics, which makes it very hard to handle the corresponding mathematical models. However, Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO) has reached a high efficiency, in terms of solution accuracy and computing time for such non convex problems. Hence, TLBO is applied for scheduling of generators with higher order cost characteristics, and turns out to be computationally solvable. In particular, we represent a model that takes into account the accurate higher order generator cost functions along with ramp limits, and turns to be more general and efficient than those available in the literature. The behavior of the model is analyzed through proposed technique on modified IEEE-24 bus system.

The T Point of Meromorphic Functions in the Unit Disk

In this paper, the T points of meromorphic functions are defined and existence of the T points is showed in the Unit disk, we also prove T point must be J point.

Composite Cost Function Based Solution to the Unit Commitment Problem

This paper presents a new approach via composite cost function to solve the unit commitment problem. The unit com-mitment problem involves determining the start-up and shut-down schedules for generating units to meet the fore-casted demand at the minimum cost. The commitment schedule must satisfy the other constraints such as the generating limits, spinning reserve, minimum up and down time, ramp level and individual units. The proposed algorithm gives the committed units and economic load dispatch for each specific hour of operation. Numerical simulations were carried out using three cases: four-generator, seven-generator, and ten-generator thermal unit power systems over a 24 h period. The produced schedule was compared with several other methods, such as Dynamic programming, Branch and bound, Ant colony system, and traditional Tabu search. The result demonstrated the accuracy of the proposed method.

THE ASYMPTOTIC FORMULA OF THE ORTHOGONAL RATIONAL FUNCTION ON THE UNIT CIRCLE

In this paper we obtained the asymptotic formula of the orthogonal rational function on the unit circle with respect to the weight function μ(z) with preasigned poles, which are in the exterior of the unit disk.

Effect of programmed comprehensive nursing on delirium incidence in intensive care unit children following severe cardiac surgery

BACKGROUND Programmed comprehensive nursing was adopted for intensive care unit(ICU)children following severe cardiac surgery to improve respiratory function and delirium incidence.AIM To explore how programmed comprehensive nursing impacts respiratory func-tion and delirium incidence in ICU children post cardiac surgery.METHODS Between January 2022 and January 2024,180 pediatric patients from the Chil-dren’s Hospital of Nanjing were admitted to the ICU after cardiac surgery and randomly grouped.The control group comprised 90 patients and received routine nursing care.The observation group comprised 90 patients and received program-med comprehensive nursing.Both groups received continuous nursing care until discharge.Their respiratory function,incidence of delirium,and clinical outcomes were compared.The memory state and sleep quality of both groups were com-pared.RESULTS The incidence of delirium was 5.56%in the observation group when admitted to ICU,which was lower than that in the control group(20.00%;P<0.05).The observation group demonstrated higher peak expiratory flow rate,respiratory frequency,deep breathing volume,and tidal volume in the ICU compared with the control group.Additionally,the observation group showed higher sleep depth,sleep latency,night awakening,return to sleep,and sleep quality com-pared with the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Programmed comprehensive nursing in ICU patients following severe cardiac surgery can reduce the impact on respiratory function,improve sleep quality,and alleviate postoperative delirium,showing significant promise for clinical application.

Increasing role of post-intensive care syndrome in quality of life of intensive care unit survivors

In this editorial we comment on the detrimental consequences that post-intensive care syndrome(PICS)has in the quality of life of intensive care unit(ICU)survivors,highlighting the importance of early onset of multidisciplinary rehabilitation from within the ICU.Although,the syndrome was identified and well described early in 2012,more awareness has been raised on the long-term PICS related health problems by the increased number of coronavirus disease 2019 ICU survivors.It is well outlined that the syndrome affects both the patient and the family and is described as the appearance or worsening of impairment in physical,cognitive,or mental health as consequence of critical illness.PICS was described in order:(1)To raise awareness among clinicians,researchers,even the society;(2)to highlight the need for a multilevel screening of these patients that starts from within the ICU and continues after discharge;(3)to present preventive strategies;and(4)to offer guidelines in terms of rehabilitation.An early multidisci-plinary approach is the key element form minimizing the incidence of PICS and its consequences in health related quality of life of both survivors and their families.

Physical Properties of the Function and Number of Empirical Macrohardness of the Material: Universal Physical Unit of Measurement of Macro Hardness (Part 2)

Results of analytical studies of the physical properties of the function and number of empirical macrohardness based on the standard experimental force diagram of kinetic macroindentation by a sphere.An analytical comparison method and a criterion for the similarity of the physical and empirical macrohardness of a material are proposed.The physical properties of the hardness measurement process using the Calvert-Johnson method are shown.The physical reasons for the size effect when measuring macrohardness are considered.The universal physical unit and standard of macrohardness of kinetic macroindentation by a sphere is substantiated.

Enhancing Proficiency in Quadratic Equations and Functions Through the MILAPlus Strategy

This study investigates the efficacy of the Mathematics Independent Learning Activity Practice and Play Unite Scheme(MILAPlus)as an instructional strategy to improve the proficiency levels of Grade 9 students in quadratic equations and functions through a study carried out at Quezon National High School.The research involved 116 Grade 9 students and utilized a quantitative approach,incorporating both pre-assessment and post-assessment measures.The research utilizes a quasi-experimental design,examining the academic performance of students before and after the introduction of MILAPlus.The pre-assessment establishes a baseline,and the subsequent post-assessment measures the impact of the instructional strategy.Statistical analyses,including t-tests,assess the significance of differences in mean scores and mean percentage scores,providing quantitative insights into the effectiveness of MILAPlus.Findings from the study revealed a statistically significant improvement in both mean scores and mean percentage scores after the utilization of MILAPlus,indicating enhanced proficiency in quadratic equations and functions.The Mean Proficiency Scores(MPS)also showed a substantial increase,demonstrating a marked improvement in overall proficiency levels among Grade 9 students.In light of the results,recommendations were given including the continued utilization of MILAPlus as an instructional strategy and aligning its development with prescribed learning competencies.Emphasizing the consistent adherence to policies and guidelines for MILAPlus implementation is suggested for sustaining positive effects on students’long-term performance in mathematics.This research contributes valuable insights into the practical application and effectiveness of MILAPlus within the context of Grade 9 mathematics education at Quezon National High School.

基于密度泛函理论的蒽醌太赫兹吸收光谱模拟

蒽醌是一种平面结构的具有大环共扼体系的有机化合物,在染料、造纸、生物和医药等众多行业有着广泛的应用。为研究蒽醌在太赫兹频段的特征吸收和其分子晶体结构之间的关系,基于密度泛函理论(DFT)并利用太赫兹时域光谱(THz-TDS)技术对蒽醌晶体的太赫兹吸收谱进行了理论模拟和实验研究。首先利用THz-TDS系统测量了室温下蒽醌晶体在0.5~3.0 THz频段的特征吸收谱,发现蒽醌晶体在该频段内有6个明显的特征吸收峰,分别位于0.95,1.05,2.09,2.25,2.49和2.78 THz处。为深入解析蒽醌在太赫兹频段实验特征谱的产生机理,基于密度泛函理论分别对蒽醌单分子模型和晶胞模型进行了理论模拟计算。使用Gaussian09软件对蒽醌单分子模型进行的理论计算,采用了基于DFT的B3LYP杂化泛函方法和6-311G(d,p)基组,几何结构优化和振动频率计算在相同水平上进行,模拟计算结果与实验测量数据存在明显的差异,说明单分子模拟存在一定的局限性。使用MS8.0软件包中适合计算周期性结构的CASTEP模块对蒽醌晶胞模型进行理论计算,采用了基于平面波赝势和广义梯度近似(GGA)的PBE、PW91,WC,PBEsol和RPBE五种交换相关泛函,几何结构优化和晶格动力学计算在相同水平上进行。将蒽醌单分子和晶胞的理论模拟结构参数(键长、键角)分别与其X射线衍射实验测量的结构参数进行了详细的比较分析,发现基于PBE方法获得的固态仿真结果中分子的结构参数与X射线衍射实验数据的一致性最好。同时用PBE和RPBE方法获得的理论仿真谱与实验吸收谱比较吻合。因此,基于PBE和RPBE的计算结果对实验特征吸收峰进行了振动模式指认。研究结果表明,蒽醌晶体在太赫兹频段的特征吸收主要来源于晶体中由C—H…O分子内氢键主导的蒽醌环和苯环基团的整体振动以及由分子间弱相互作用引发的集体振动模式。

基于“自然屯—行政区”复合单元的乡村“三生空间”功能协调评价研究——以贵州省安顺市西秀区为例

统筹乡村区域“三生空间”协调有序发展,是破解乡村之间不平衡发展的重要方式。在国土空间全域、全要素统筹的背景下,乡村基层单元的空间冲突与适配矛盾仍普遍存在,但与之对应促进区域协调的单元调整方案却十分匮乏。研究以贵州省安顺市西秀区为例,在“自然屯—行政区”单元的基础上构建满足乡村“三生空间”协调统筹需求的新评价单元。为探究地理单元、行政单元、复合单元对功能协调评价的差异适配性,构建“三生空间”功能评价体系和耦合协调度模型,并以空间相关性模型比较3类单元下耦合协调度的空间相关性程度,识别“三生空间”相互冲突的典型区域。结果表明:生产、生活、生态空间功能协调度在3类单元中呈现出不同的空间相关性,在复合单元中表现最为显著,这表明“自然屯—行政区”复合单元更适合作为促进乡村区域整体协调的基本载体。同时,西秀区“三生空间”相互冲突的区域在空间上呈现出明显聚集特点,研究结合复合单元的划定结果,进一步提出“三生空间”功能互补的针对性策略。

基于POI数据的城市功能区识别方法研究

以POI数据和城市道路网数据为基础,采用ArcGIS空间分析方法以街区为单元对研究区城市功能区进行识别分划,采用核密度占比判断街区单元功能区类别,结果表明:研究区单一功能区所占比例为27.6%,分布较为零散,以居住用地为主;混合功能区所占比例为72.4%,主要分布在三环内侧区域,以公服-居住、商业-居住混合用地为主;并结合研究区实际情况对识别成果进行分析研究,采用抽样调查方法验证了城市功能区识别成果与百度地图和实地调查结果基本一致,匹配度较高,可作为研究区城市规划管理数据依据,提高城市精细化管理水平,从而促进城市高质量可持续发展。

Prognostic value of cortisol and thyroid function tests in poisoned patients admitted to toxicology ICU

BACKGROUND: Prognostic value of cortisol and thyroid function tests(TFTs) has previously been evaluated in medical ICUs. We aimed to evaluate prognostic efficacy of cortisol and TFTs in critically ill poisoned patients admitted to toxicology intensive care unit(ICU).METHODS: In a prospective study of consecutively enrolled subjects admitted to the toxicology ICU, lab analyses included TFTs(total T3 and T4 as well as TSH) and cortisol levels drawn between 8 am–10 am during period of the first 24 hours post-ingestion/exposure. Simplified Acute Physiology Score Ⅱ(SAPS Ⅱ) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ) were recorded. All scores were compared to detect the best prognostic factor. Type of poisoning was also included.RESULTS: In 200 patients evaluated, 129 were male and mean age was 31 years. In general, SAPS Ⅱ, T4, and cortisol could prognosticate death. After regression analysis, only cortisol had such efficacy(P=0.04; OR=1.06; 95%CI=1.05–1.08; cut-off=42 μg/d L; sensitivity=70%; specificity=82%). Between aluminium phosphide(ALP)-and non ALP-poisoned patients, level of consciousness, mean arterial pressure, and cortisol level could prognosticate death in ALP poisoning(all Ps<0.001 in both uni and multivariate analyses). Median(interquartile range; IQR) GCS was 7(6, 10) and 15(8, 15) in non-ALP and ALP-poisoned patients(P<0.003). SAPS Ⅱ and APACHE Ⅱ could not prognosticate death at all.CONCLUSION: Cortisol best prognosticated outcomes for subjects admitted to the toxicology ICU. Its level is higher in ALP-poisoned patients probably due to the higher stress while they remain conscious till the final stages of toxicity and are aware of deterioration of their clinical condition or may be due to their significantly lower blood pressures.

多功能浮动港应用研究

自20世纪20年代以来,不断有对海上大型浮体的概念设想以及具体的开发建设实践,在总结归纳现有多功能浮动港开发应用实例基础上,分析多功能浮动港的应用场景和主要需求,包括解决城市空间矛盾、助力岛礁开发和保护、为海洋资源开采提供支撑、为水上活动提供服务等。总结多功能浮动港主要特征,提出按水平投影面积将浮动港分为6个规模等级,以便在建设开发中进行归类管控,按功能将浮动港划分为商业型、公共服务型、居住型、生产服务型、特殊服务型等5种类型。经过技术、政策、经济方面初步适应性分析,结构单元模块的介绍,以及主要技术问题的分析,认为在我国应用尚处于起步阶段的浮动港契合未来海洋经济的发展需求,具备较为广阔的应用前景。