Zero-dimensional graphene quantum dots(GQDs)exhibit many different properties,such as strong fluorescence,nonzero bandgap and solubility in solvents,compared to two-dimensional graphene.GQDs are biocompatible and have...Zero-dimensional graphene quantum dots(GQDs)exhibit many different properties,such as strong fluorescence,nonzero bandgap and solubility in solvents,compared to two-dimensional graphene.GQDs are biocompatible and have low toxicity;hence,they are widely used in the biomedical field.The edge effect of GQDs is of particular interest because edge modification can regulate the performance of nanomaterials.In this review,various preparation methods for GQDs,which can be divided into three main categories,namely top-down,bottom-up and chemical methods,are discussed.The unique optical,electrical,thermal and magnetic properties of GQDs are reviewed.The functionalization of GQDs by doping with heteroatoms and forming composites with other materials is studied,and the characteristics of these GQDs are also discussed.The applications of these GQDs in the fields of optics,electricity,optoelectronics,biomedicine,energy,agriculture and other emerging interdisciplinary fields are reviewed to highlight the enormous potential of nanomaterials.This review reports on the recent advancement in GQD research and suggests future directions for the development of GQDs.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61106098,51201150 and 11374250)Key Project of Applied Basic Research of Yunnan Province,China(Grant No.2012FA003)PolyU Grant(1-ZVGH)and Research Grants Council of Hong Kong(Project Nos.PolyU 153030/15P and PolyU 153271/16P).
文摘Zero-dimensional graphene quantum dots(GQDs)exhibit many different properties,such as strong fluorescence,nonzero bandgap and solubility in solvents,compared to two-dimensional graphene.GQDs are biocompatible and have low toxicity;hence,they are widely used in the biomedical field.The edge effect of GQDs is of particular interest because edge modification can regulate the performance of nanomaterials.In this review,various preparation methods for GQDs,which can be divided into three main categories,namely top-down,bottom-up and chemical methods,are discussed.The unique optical,electrical,thermal and magnetic properties of GQDs are reviewed.The functionalization of GQDs by doping with heteroatoms and forming composites with other materials is studied,and the characteristics of these GQDs are also discussed.The applications of these GQDs in the fields of optics,electricity,optoelectronics,biomedicine,energy,agriculture and other emerging interdisciplinary fields are reviewed to highlight the enormous potential of nanomaterials.This review reports on the recent advancement in GQD research and suggests future directions for the development of GQDs.
