[目的/意义]以Web of Science数据库中NSFC资助论文为数据来源,梳理NSFC自成立以来资助国际合作的整体态势、学科分布等,并为未来落实"一带一路"国家战略提供建议。[方法/过程]从对比的角度,对两国合作与三国合作、发达国家与...[目的/意义]以Web of Science数据库中NSFC资助论文为数据来源,梳理NSFC自成立以来资助国际合作的整体态势、学科分布等,并为未来落实"一带一路"国家战略提供建议。[方法/过程]从对比的角度,对两国合作与三国合作、发达国家与"一带一路"国家的合作情况进行了对比分析。[结果/结论]研究发现,以往"南北"合作数量远远多于"一带一路"合作、两国合作数量多于三国合作,且合作主要集中在材料科学等四个学科。建议明确"为外交的科学"战略定位,进一步创新现有国际合作格局,设立"一带一路"专项研究基金,加强三国或多边合作,特别是结合"一带一路"国家科学技术资源的特色来推动合作。展开更多
A systematic introduction has been presented for the recent advances in predicting protein subcellular localization in the multi-label systems, where the constituent proteins may simultaneously occur or move between t...A systematic introduction has been presented for the recent advances in predicting protein subcellular localization in the multi-label systems, where the constituent proteins may simultaneously occur or move between two or more location sites and hence have exceptional biological functions worthy of our special notice. All the predictors included in this review each have a user-friendly web-server, by which the majority of experimental scientists can very easily acquire their desired data without the need to go through the complicated mathematics involved.展开更多
经理支持系统ESS(Executive Support System),作为企业高层管理人员直接使用的信息系统,利用计算机技术和通信技术,专门用以支持高层管理和决策人员对企业内、外部信息的查询分析,支持高层管理人员的日常管理和战略决策工作。将ESS技术...经理支持系统ESS(Executive Support System),作为企业高层管理人员直接使用的信息系统,利用计算机技术和通信技术,专门用以支持高层管理和决策人员对企业内、外部信息的查询分析,支持高层管理人员的日常管理和战略决策工作。将ESS技术应用到银行业的资金营运风险管理中,改变了银行原资金营运风险管理模式,为银行风险管理提供了一项可行性方案,并取得了良好的效果。展开更多
Background: “Forensic auditing” opened a new way to monitor demographic data. Benford’s law explains the frequency distribution in naturally occurring data sets. We applied this law to data of the world’s populati...Background: “Forensic auditing” opened a new way to monitor demographic data. Benford’s law explains the frequency distribution in naturally occurring data sets. We applied this law to data of the world’s population under five. This number is extremely important in paediatrics and public health. Methodology: Benford’s law states that the probability of a leading occurring number d (d ∈ {1,···,9}) can be calculated through the following equation: P(d) = log10(d + 1) – log10(d) = log10(1 + 1/d). We compared the observed and expected values. To examine statistical significance, we used the Chi-square test. Results: Chi-square for the population younger than five years is 22.74 for 2010, 22.97 for 2011 and 11.35 for 2012. For all years combined it is 47.6. Because chi-square was higher than the cut-off value, it must lead to the rejection the null hypothesis. In 2014 chi-square is 11.73 for the first digit. Chi-square being lower than the cut off value of the null hypothesis is accepted. The acceptance of the null hypothesis for 2014 means that the numbers follow Benford’s law for 2014. The rejection of the null hypothesis means that the numbers observed in the publication are not following Benford’s law. The explanations can be reached from operational discrepancies to psychological challenges or conscious manipulation in the struggle for international funding. Conclusion: The knowledge of this mathematical relation is not used widely in medicine, despite being a valuable and quick tool to identify datasets needing closer scrutiny.展开更多
文摘[目的/意义]以Web of Science数据库中NSFC资助论文为数据来源,梳理NSFC自成立以来资助国际合作的整体态势、学科分布等,并为未来落实"一带一路"国家战略提供建议。[方法/过程]从对比的角度,对两国合作与三国合作、发达国家与"一带一路"国家的合作情况进行了对比分析。[结果/结论]研究发现,以往"南北"合作数量远远多于"一带一路"合作、两国合作数量多于三国合作,且合作主要集中在材料科学等四个学科。建议明确"为外交的科学"战略定位,进一步创新现有国际合作格局,设立"一带一路"专项研究基金,加强三国或多边合作,特别是结合"一带一路"国家科学技术资源的特色来推动合作。
文摘A systematic introduction has been presented for the recent advances in predicting protein subcellular localization in the multi-label systems, where the constituent proteins may simultaneously occur or move between two or more location sites and hence have exceptional biological functions worthy of our special notice. All the predictors included in this review each have a user-friendly web-server, by which the majority of experimental scientists can very easily acquire their desired data without the need to go through the complicated mathematics involved.
文摘经理支持系统ESS(Executive Support System),作为企业高层管理人员直接使用的信息系统,利用计算机技术和通信技术,专门用以支持高层管理和决策人员对企业内、外部信息的查询分析,支持高层管理人员的日常管理和战略决策工作。将ESS技术应用到银行业的资金营运风险管理中,改变了银行原资金营运风险管理模式,为银行风险管理提供了一项可行性方案,并取得了良好的效果。
文摘Background: “Forensic auditing” opened a new way to monitor demographic data. Benford’s law explains the frequency distribution in naturally occurring data sets. We applied this law to data of the world’s population under five. This number is extremely important in paediatrics and public health. Methodology: Benford’s law states that the probability of a leading occurring number d (d ∈ {1,···,9}) can be calculated through the following equation: P(d) = log10(d + 1) – log10(d) = log10(1 + 1/d). We compared the observed and expected values. To examine statistical significance, we used the Chi-square test. Results: Chi-square for the population younger than five years is 22.74 for 2010, 22.97 for 2011 and 11.35 for 2012. For all years combined it is 47.6. Because chi-square was higher than the cut-off value, it must lead to the rejection the null hypothesis. In 2014 chi-square is 11.73 for the first digit. Chi-square being lower than the cut off value of the null hypothesis is accepted. The acceptance of the null hypothesis for 2014 means that the numbers follow Benford’s law for 2014. The rejection of the null hypothesis means that the numbers observed in the publication are not following Benford’s law. The explanations can be reached from operational discrepancies to psychological challenges or conscious manipulation in the struggle for international funding. Conclusion: The knowledge of this mathematical relation is not used widely in medicine, despite being a valuable and quick tool to identify datasets needing closer scrutiny.
