A Heterogeneous Information Fusion Method for Maritime Radar and AIS Based on D-S Evidence Theory

Maritime radar and automatic identification systems (AIS), which are essential auxiliary equipment for navigation safety in the shipping industry, have played significant roles in maritime safety supervision. However, in practical applications, the information obtained by a single device is limited, and it is necessary to integrate the information of maritime radar and AIS messages to achieve better recognition effects. In this study, the D-S evidence theory is used to fusion the two kinds of heterogeneous information: maritime radar images and AIS messages. Firstly, the radar image and AIS message are processed to get the targets of interest in the same coordinate system. Then, the coordinate position and heading of targets are chosen as the indicators for judging target similarity. Finally, a piece of D-S evidence theory based on the information fusion method is proposed to match the radar target and the AIS target of the same ship. Particularly, the effectiveness of the proposed method has been validated and evaluated through several experiments, which proves that such a method is practical in maritime safety supervision.

Application of seismic multi-attribute fusion method based on D-S evidence theory in prediction of CBM-enriched area

D-S evidence theory provides a good approach to fuse uncertain inlbrmation. In this article, we introduce seismic multi-attribute fusion based on D-S evidence theory to predict the coalbed methane （CBM） concentrated areas. First, we choose seismic attributes that are most sensitive to CBM content changes with the guidance of CBM content measured at well sites. Then the selected seismic attributes are fused using D-S evidence theory and the fusion results are used to predict CBM-enriched area. The application shows that the predicted CBM content and the measured values are basically consistent. The results indicate that using D-S evidence theory in seismic multi-attribute fusion to predict CBM-enriched areas is feasible.

基于D-S证据理论的岩爆预测方法研究

为了有效预测岩爆,提出基于D-S证据理论的岩爆预测方法.首先,选取与岩爆发生相关的6个指标因素作为证据体,并通过模糊物元框架和正态型隶属度函数构建证据体的基本概率分配.然后,利用K均值将证据体分类,并提出簇内证据用传统方式融合而簇间证据用权重方式融合的组合融合规则,以减轻高冲突证据融合的不利影响.最后,将模型应用在秦岭终南山公路隧道2号竖井工程,且与经验方法对比.为了分析预测过程的不确定性和估计岩爆发生概率,采用蒙特卡洛模拟进行抽样仿真,并通过Spearman秩相关系数衡量输入指标的全局敏感性.研究结果表明:输入指标在不同的岩爆案例的影响程度差异较大且方向不同;5个岩爆案例的发生概率在40.8%~70.1%之间.该模型表现出优异的预测分类性能,可为深埋地下工程岩爆预测提供参考.

Risk assessment of water security in Haihe River Basin during drought periods based on D-S evidence theory

The weights of the drought risk index （DRI）, which linearly combines the reliability, resiliency, and vulnerability, are difficult to obtain due to complexities in water security during drought periods. Therefore, drought entropy was used to determine the weights of the three critical indices. Conventional simulation results regarding the risk load of water security during drought periods were often regarded as precise. However, neither the simulation process nor the DRI gives any consideration to uncertainties in drought events. Therefore, the Dempster-Shafer （D-S） evidence theory and the evidential reasoning algorithm were introduced, and the DRI values were calculated with consideration of uncertainties of the three indices. The drought entropy and evidential reasoning algorithm were used in a case study of the Haihe River Basin to assess water security risks during drought periods. The results of the new DRI values in two scenarios were compared and analyzed. It is shown that the values of the DRI in the D-S evidence algorithm increase slightly from the original results of Zhang et al. （2005）, and the results of risk assessment of water security during drought periods are reasonable according to the situation in the study area. This study can serve as a reference for further practical application and planning in the Haihe River Basin, and other relevant or similar studies.

Large Power Transformer Fault Diagnosis and Prognostic Based on DBNC and D-S Evidence Theory

Power transformer is a core equipment of power system, which undertakes the important functions of power transmission and transformation, and its safe and stable operation has great significance to the normal operation of the whole power system. Due to the complex structure of the transformer, the use of single information for condition-based maintenance (CBM) has certain limitations, with the help of advanced sensor monitoring and information fusion technology, multi-source information is applied to the prognostic and health management (PHM) of power transformer, which is an important way to realize the CBM of power transformer. This paper presents a method which combine deep belief network classifier (DBNC) and D-S evidence theory, and it is applied to the PHM of the large power transformer. The experimental results show that the proposed method has a high correct rate of fault diagnosis for the power transformer with a large number of multi-source data.

EARLY WARNING MODEL OF NETWORK INTRUSION BASED ON D-S EVIDENCE THEORY

Application of data fusion technique in intrusion detection is the trend of next- generation Intrusion Detection System (IDS). In network security, adopting security early warn- ing technique is feasible to effectively defend against attacks and attackers. To do this, correlative information provided by IDS must be gathered and the current intrusion characteristics and sit- uation must be analyzed and estimated. This paper applies D-S evidence theory to distributed intrusion detection system for fusing information from detection centers, making clear intrusion situation, and improving the early warning capability and detection efficiency of the IDS accord- ingly.

Ubiquitous Computing Identity Authentication Mechanism Based on D-S Evidence Theory and Extended SPKI/SDSI

Ubiquitous computing systems typically have lots of security problems in the area of identity authentication by means of classical PKI methods. The limited computing resources, the disconnection network, the classification requirements of identity authentication, the requirement of trust transfer and cross identity authentication, the bi-directional identity authentication, the security delegation and the simple privacy protection etc are all these unsolved problems. In this paper, a new novel ubiquitous computing identity authentication mechanism, named UCIAMdess, is presented. It is based on D-S Evidence Theory and extended SPKI/SDSI. D-S Evidence Theory is used in UCIAMdess to compute the trust value from the ubiquitous computing environment to the principal or between the different ubiquitous computing environments. SPKI-based authorization is expanded by adding the trust certificate in UCIAMdess to solve above problems in the ubiquitous computing environments. The identity authentication mechanism and the algorithm of certificate reduction are given in the paper to solve the multi-levels trust-correlative identity authentication problems. The performance analyses show that UCIAMdess is a suitable security mechanism in solving the complex ubiquitous computing problems.

Fault diagnosis method of hydraulic system based on fusion of neural network and D-S evidence theory

According to fault type diversity and fault information uncertainty problem of the hydraulic driven rocket launcher servo system（HDRLSS） , the fault diagnosis method based on the evidence theory and neural network ensemble is proposed. In order to overcome the shortcomings of the single neural network, two improved neural network models are set up at the com-mon nodes to simplify the network structure. The initial fault diagnosis is based on the iron spectrum data and the pressure, flow and temperature（PFT） characteristic parameters as the input vectors of the two improved neural network models, and the diagnosis result is taken as the basic probability distribution of the evidence theory. Then the objectivity of assignment is real-ized. The initial diagnosis results of two improved neural networks are fused by D-S evidence theory. The experimental results show that this method can avoid the misdiagnosis of neural network recognition and improve the accuracy of the fault diagnosis of HDRLSS.

Fault Isolation of Light Rail Vehicle Suspension System Based on D-S Evidence Theory and Improvement Application Case

This paper presents an innovative approach for the fault isolation of Light Rail Vehicle (LRV) suspension system based on the Dempster-Shafer (D-S) evidence theory and its improvement application case. The considered LRV has three rolling stocks and each one equips three sensors for monitoring the suspension system. A Kalman filter is applied to generate the residuals for fault diagnosis. For the purpose of fault isolation, a fault feature database is built in advance. The Eros and the norm distance between the fault feature of the new occurred fault and the one in the feature database are applied to measure the similarity of the feature which is the basis for the basic belief assignment to the fault, respectively. After the basic belief assignments are obtained, they are fused by using the D-S evidence theory. The fusion of the basic belief assignments increases the isolation accuracy significantly. The efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated by two case studies.

An Evidence-Based CoCoSo Framework with Double Hierarchy Linguistic Data for Viable Selection of Hydrogen Storage Methods

Hydrogen is the new age alternative energy source to combat energy demand and climate change.Storage of hydrogen is vital for a nation’s growth.Works of literature provide different methods for storing the produced hydrogen,and the rational selection of a viable method is crucial for promoting sustainability and green practices.Typically,hydrogen storage is associated with diverse sustainable and circular economy(SCE)criteria.As a result,the authors consider the situation a multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)problem.Studies infer that previous models for hydrogen storage method(HSM)selection(i)do not consider preferences in the natural language form;(ii)weights of experts are not methodically determined;(iii)hesitation of experts during criteria weight assessment is not effectively explored;and(iv)three-stage solution of a suitable selection of HSM is unexplored.Driven by these gaps,in this paper,authors put forward a new integrated framework,which considers double hierarchy linguistic information for rating,criteria importance through inter-criteria correlation(CRITIC)for expert weight calculation,evidence-based Bayesian method for criteria weight estimation,and combined compromise solution(CoCoSo)for ranking HSMs.The applicability of the developed framework is testified by using a case example of HSM selection in India.Sensitivity and comparative analysis reveal the merits and limitations of the developed framework.

基于改进D-S证据理论的相控阵雷达作战效能评估

针对相控阵雷达作战效能评估中战场环境等不确定因素的影响,采用改进Dempster-Shafer(D-S)证据理论对其进行作战效能评估方法的优化。首先,通过构建相控阵雷达作战效能评估指标体系,明确评估指标并赋值权。其次,引入Kulsinski差异和模糊熵方法,对传统的D-S证据理论进行改进,减少指标在融合过程中的融合权重不确定性的影响。最后,通过改进D-S证据理论对评估指标进行数据融合,建立评估准确性较高的相控阵雷达作战效能评估模型。通过算例验证分析,所提方法能够有效减少融合过程中的不确定性影响,可实现相控阵雷达作战效能评估的目的,提高作战效能评估精度。

An algorithm based on evidence theory and fuzzy entropy to defend against SSDF

In cognitive radio networks, spectrum sensing is one of the most important functions to identify available spectrum for improving the spectrum utilization. Due to the open characteristic of the wireless electromagnetic environment, the wireless network is vulnerable to be attacked by malicious users(MUs), and spectrum sensing data falsification(SSDF) attack is one of the most harmful attacks on spectrum sensing performance. In this article,an algorithm based on the evidence theory and fuzzy entropy is proposed to resist SSDF attacks. In this algorithm, secondary users(SUs) obtain the corresponding degree of membership function and basic probability assignment function based on the local energy detection result. The new conflicting coefficient is calculated based on the evidence distance and classical conflicting coefficient, and the conflicting weight of the evidence is obtained.The fuzzy weight is calculated by the fuzzy entropy. The credibility weight is obtained by updating the credibility. On this basis, the probability assignment function of the evidence is corrected, and the final result is obtained by using the fusion formula. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has a higher detection probability and lower false alarm probability than other algorithms.It can effectively defend against SSDF attacks and improve the performance of spectrum sensing.

融合D-S证据理论与模糊逻辑的变压器故障诊断方法

本文作者对Dempster-Shafer证据理论中的基础概率计算部分,引入扩展模糊逻辑模型,形成一种新型多源融合的变压器故障诊断方法,通过应用10台变压器油中溶解气体与铁心接地电流在线监测数据,对比支持向量机与卷积神经网络故障诊断结果,发现所提出的模型具有更高的故障诊断正确率和稳定性。

Temporal evidence combination method for multi-sensor target recognition based on DS theory and IFS

In order to effectively deal with the conflict temporal evidences without affecting the sequential and dynamic characteristics in the multi-sensor target recognition(MSTR) system at the decision making level, this paper proposes a Dempster-Shafer(DS) theory and intuitionistic fuzzy set(IFS) based temporal evidence combination method(DSIFS-TECM). To realize the method,the relationship between DS theory and IFS is firstly analyzed. And then the intuitionistic fuzzy possibility degree of intuitionistic fuzzy value(IFPD-IFV) is defined, and a novel ranking method with isotonicity for IFV is proposed. Finally, a calculation method for relative reliability factor(RRF) is designed based on the proposed ranking method. As a proof of the method, numerical analysis and experimental simulation are performed. The results indicate DSIFS-TECM is capable of dealing with the conflict temporal evidences and sensitive to the changing of time. Furthermore, compared with the existing methods, DSIFS-TECM has stronger ability of anti-interference.

Application of evidence theory in information fusion of multiple sources in bayesian analysis

How to obtain proper prior distribution is one of the most critical problems in Bayesian analysis. In many practical cases, the prior information often comes from different sources, and the prior distribution form could be easily known in some certain way while the parameters are hard to determine. In this paper, based on the evidence theory, a new method is presented to fuse the information of multiple sources and determine the parameters of the prior distribution when the form is known. By taking the prior distributions which result from the information of multiple sources and converting them into corresponding mass functions which can be combined by Dempster-Shafer (D-S) method, we get the combined mass function and the representative points of the prior distribution. These points are used to fit with the given distribution form to determine the parameters of the prior distribution. And then the fused prior distribution is obtained and Bayesian analysis can be performed. How to convert the prior distributions into mass functions properly and get the representative points of the fused prior distribution is the central question we address in this paper. The simulation example shows that the proposed method is effective.

基于Vague集模糊熵和D-S证据理论的多属性群决策方法

针对方案属性值为Vague值且考虑专家评分可信度的多属性群决策问题,提出了一种基于Vague集模糊熵和D-S证据理论的多属性群决策分析方法。该方法充分考虑各专家给出的Vague值评价信息中所蕴含的模糊性与不确定性,借助模糊熵来获取与专家自身意见相匹配的评分可信度序列,其完全由数据驱动,弥补了传统方法对可信度主观统一设定的不足。首先,基于各专家原始决策矩阵获得各属性下的Vague集模糊熵,以构建与专家集相对应的评分可信度矩阵;其次,对经可信度调整后的各专家决策矩阵使用证据合成进行信息集结,利用Vague集记分函数并经可信度调整得到属性权重;最后,将专家群体集结信息经属性权重加权修正后算出各方案最终的Vague评价值,进而使用记分函数获得各方案综合得分,筛选出最优方案。利用证据理论在不确定信息融合方面的优势和Vague集记分函数的信息转化功能,通过证据合成和记分函数集结专家群体的评价信息,所得出的决策结果更加客观、合理,并通过一个具体算例验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性。

一种基于改进D-S证据理论的信任关系强度评估方法研究

随着Web 2.0技术的迅速发展,社会网络开始在我们的生活中扮演着重要的角色,越来越多的人在网络中发表言论、互相交流、共享信息.然而,在社会网络中,信任关系是用户间进行交互的基础,不同用户之间的信任关系强度不同,相同用户在不同领域内的信任关系强度也存在差异,信任关系的不确定性是信任评估的最大挑战.针对以上问题提出了一种基于改进D-S证据理论的灵活直观的评估方法,该方法综合考虑用户被关注度、用户信誉度、用户活跃度和用户相似度4个方面,将这4个方面作为4个属性证据,同时根据模糊理论中的隶属度原理获取基本信任分配,然后基于以上4个属性证据构建多源属性证据信任关系强度融合模型,在领域内对其信任关系强度进行评估,最后采用Epinions中真实的数据集进行实验.实验结果验证了该方法的可行性和优势,为复杂的社会网络环境中信任关系强度评估的研究提供了有价值的新思路.

D-S证据理论在多传感器故障诊断中的改进及应用

为了解决在多传感器信息融合处理故障诊断过程中,传统证据理论对含有冲突证据的处理结果与实际相悖的问题,介绍了传统D-S证据理论的基本构架,分析了其在处理含有高冲突的证据融合过程中将高信任度分配给小可能故障源的不足,提出了一种新的基于模糊成员函数和证据平均距离的证据调整方法,该模糊成员函数充分考虑了专家知识对基本概率分配函数的影响,证据的平均距离给证据分配的权重系数可降低冲突证据的可信度,增加其未知程度.运用证据的充分性系数及利用证据平均距离得到的证据重要性系数,重新分配概率指派函数.实验结果表明,改进后的方法可以提高故障诊断结果的准确性,在一定程度上提高了诊断系统的性能.

基于灰色关联分析和D-S证据理论的区间直觉模糊决策方法

针对方案的指标值为区间直觉模糊数的决策问题,提出了一种基于灰色关联分析和D-S证据理论的决策方法.定义了区间记分函数和区间数点算子,并通过其将区间直觉模糊数转化为记分函数;利用记分函数以及灰色关联方法确定各指标的不确信度,进而构建出不同指标下各方案的Mass函数,通过D-S合成法则进行信息融合,确定最优方案.最后,通过算例表明,本文提出的方法可得到满意结果并显著降低决策的不确定性.

多传感器模糊D-S理论辐射源识别

研究了将D-S证据理论与模糊推理组合应用辐射源识别的方法,提出了基于模糊综合评估获取基本概率分配函数的方法;在此基础上研究了应用D-S证据理论进行多传感器信息融合,从而识别雷达辐射源的原理;仿真实验和对比实验表明本算法的有效性。