In recent years,with the global environmental pollution becoming more and more serious,and the widespread application of PPP model in various fields,PPP model provides a new solution for environmental governance.Howev...In recent years,with the global environmental pollution becoming more and more serious,and the widespread application of PPP model in various fields,PPP model provides a new solution for environmental governance.However,due to environmental management of PPP projects in practice by various factors,such as the lack of social value,organizational management confusion and consultation communication is not in place cause group events,resulting in the failure of the PPP project,and a large number of economic losses.Therefore,the objective of this paper is to ensure the smooth implementation of environmental management of PPP projects,to reduce the risk to avoid failure.The research methods adopted in this study include literature review and case analysis,based on the theory of environmental governance PPP,select 15 failure cases analysis failure reasons,identify environmental management PPP project’s 18 failure factors,starting from the government to enterprises.The index is divided into three dimensions:social system,organization and management,public behavior,and determination of failure measure index system.Based on the theory of the open matter,the failure measure model is established,and the failure factor index is measured and analyzed.The degree of failure of the project is clarified and the PPP project is analyzed by a sewage treatment to verify the reasonable model of the failure measure model.The feasibility of the future of environmental management PPP project failure risk provides a practical tool.展开更多
An evaluation model of an international venture investment project on the basis of fuzzy matter-element and combined weight methods is introduced. First, the compound fuzzy matter-element of optimal subordinate degree...An evaluation model of an international venture investment project on the basis of fuzzy matter-element and combined weight methods is introduced. First, the compound fuzzy matter-element of optimal subordinate degree is constructed on the principle of the bigger-more-optimal or the less-more-optimal depending on the actual evaluation indicators, and combined with standard fuzzy matter-element to form a difference-square fuzzy matter-element. Secondly, a combined weight is calculated by both information entropy and the expert grading method. Finally, the compound fuzzy matter-element of Euclidian approach degree by M(·,+)method is constituted and used to classify venture investment projects. Based on the model above, six venture investment projects in a company are evaluated, and the results show that the projects are all good, which is demonstrated by the good income of the projects. Therefore, the coincidence of evaluation results and actual operation status indicates that the model is of great value in practical application.展开更多
In order to solve the problem that determining decision factors weights is of subjectivity in heterogeneous wireless network selection algorithm, a network selection algorithm based on extension theory and fuzzy analy...In order to solve the problem that determining decision factors weights is of subjectivity in heterogeneous wireless network selection algorithm, a network selection algorithm based on extension theory and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process （FAHP） is proposed in this paper. In addition, user and operator codetermine the optimal network using the proposed algorithm, which can give consideration to user and operator benefits. The fuzzy judgment matrix is coustructed by membership degree of decision factors which is calculated according to extension theory. The comprehensive weight of each decision factor is obtained using FAHP. Finally, the optimal network is selected through total property value ranldng of each candidate network under user preference and operator preference. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can select the optimal network efficiently and accurately, satisfy user preference, and implement load balance between networks.展开更多
It is quite difficult as to how to choose an appropriate home elevator, because the factories manufacturing home elevator are numerous and the models of production are different. Therefore, this article combines .fuzz...It is quite difficult as to how to choose an appropriate home elevator, because the factories manufacturing home elevator are numerous and the models of production are different. Therefore, this article combines .fuzzy math with extension theory on the basis of matter element theory, extension set theory and correlation function, constructs a classical matter element and a segmentfield matter element by classifying home elevator performance and making a performance index membership zero dimension, and establishes an extension fuzzy evaluation model of home elevator performance levels. The example in this article shows that the established method is able to evaluate actual home elevator performance.展开更多
[Objective] The study aimed to assess the health state of rivers by using fuzzy matter-element model.[Method] Based on fuzzy matter-element analysis theory,the assessment model of river health was established,then a m...[Objective] The study aimed to assess the health state of rivers by using fuzzy matter-element model.[Method] Based on fuzzy matter-element analysis theory,the assessment model of river health was established,then a modified method to calculate the superior subordinate degree was put forward according to Hamming distance.Afterwards,a multi-level evaluation model,which contained the assessment indicators about hydrological features,ecological characteristics,environmental traits and service function,was set up based on this method above.Finally,the model was applied in the health assessment of Qinhuai River.[Result] The health state of Qinhuai River was at medium level.This assessment result was consistent with that of comprehensive index method,and it showed that the multi-level fuzzy matter-element model was effective in the assessment of river health.[Conclusion] The research provided an effective method to evaluate the state of river health.展开更多
It＇ s a necessary selection to support the maneuver across Yangtze River by floating bridge constructed by portable steel bridge and civilian ships. It is a comprehensive index for the scheme of bridge raft, containi...It＇ s a necessary selection to support the maneuver across Yangtze River by floating bridge constructed by portable steel bridge and civilian ships. It is a comprehensive index for the scheme of bridge raft, containing a variety of technical factors and uncertainties. The optimization is the selection in the constructing time, quantity of equipments and man power. Based on the calculation result of bridge rafts, an evaluating system is established, consisting of index of spacing between interior bays, raft length, truss numbers, operation difficulty and maximal bending stress. A fuzzy matter element model of optimizing selection of bridge rafts was built up by combining quantitative analysis with qualitative analysis. The method of combination weighting was used to calculate the value of weights index to reduce the subjective randomness. The sequence of schemes and the optimization resuh were gained finally based on euclid approach degree. The application result shows that it is simple and practical.展开更多
The system of linear equations plays a vital role in real life problems such as optimization, economics, and engineering. The parameters of the system of linear equations are modeled by taking the experimental or obse...The system of linear equations plays a vital role in real life problems such as optimization, economics, and engineering. The parameters of the system of linear equations are modeled by taking the experimental or observation data. So the parameters of the system actually contain uncertainty rather than the crisp one. The uncertainties may be considered in term of interval or fuzzy numbers. In this paper, a detailed study of three solution techniques namely Classical Method, Extension Principle method and α-cuts and interval Arithmetic Method to solve the system of fuzzy linear equations has been done. Appropriate applications are given to illustrate each technique. Then we discuss the comparison of the different methods numerically and graphically.展开更多
The slope stability is affected by multiple factors. Thecomprehensive evaluation of the slope stability is a complicateproblem. The principles of extension theory have been used in thispaper to establish the matter-el...The slope stability is affected by multiple factors. Thecomprehensive evaluation of the slope stability is a complicateproblem. The principles of extension theory have been used in thispaper to establish the matter-element model for the evaluation ofslope stability. The quantitative evaluated results have been giventhrough the calculation of the matter-element dependent degree.展开更多
A novel extension diagnosis method was proposed for enhancing the diagnosis ability of the conventional dissolved gas analysis. Based on the extension theory a matter-element model was established for qualitatively an...A novel extension diagnosis method was proposed for enhancing the diagnosis ability of the conventional dissolved gas analysis. Based on the extension theory a matter-element model was established for qualitatively and quantitatively describing the fault diagnosis problem of power transformers. The degree of relation based on the dependent functions was employed to determine the nature and the grade of the faults in a transformer system. And the proposed method was verified with the experimental data. The results show that accuracy rate of the diagnosis method exceeds 90% and two kinds of faults can be detected at the same time.展开更多
On the basis of the soil environment investigation in Da＇an City, Jilin Province, China, 40 soil samples from main land use types were obtained and tested by standard method. Soil organic matter （SOM）, total N （TN...On the basis of the soil environment investigation in Da＇an City, Jilin Province, China, 40 soil samples from main land use types were obtained and tested by standard method. Soil organic matter （SOM）, total N （TN）, total P （TP）, total K （TK）, available N （AN）, available P （AP） and available K （AK） were chosen as the evaluation factors. A regional soil nutrient evaluation model was developed based on the matter-element model. The results show that the soil samples with nutrient grade Ⅱ-Ⅴ respectively account for 10%, 30%, 32.5% and 27.5%, and those with grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ account for 60% in all samples. The relationship between soil nutrients and land types indicates that the nutrients of farmland are relatively good, with 41.7% of soil samples with the nutrient grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ. The nutrients of saline-alkali land and sandy land are the worst, with 100% of soil samples with the nutrient grade IV and V. And the ratios of soil samples grade IV and V in grassland and wasteland are respectively 62.5 % and 54.55%. Generally speaking, the soil nutrients status in Da＇an City is poor, 60% of soil samples are in poor and extremely poor conditions, indicating that the soil has been severely eroded. Being a relatively superior evaluation method with more accurate resuits and spatial distribution consistency, matter-element analysis is more suitable for regional soil nutrient evaluation than previous models.展开更多
ln this paper, FEEC theory is studied. An economical space is a dynamic model for any scope of certain economy and market . ln an economical space, any point represents some economical area or entity and is assigned a...ln this paper, FEEC theory is studied. An economical space is a dynamic model for any scope of certain economy and market . ln an economical space, any point represents some economical area or entity and is assigned an variable economic condition Any subspace is assigned an variable economic evaluation. FEEC controller operates oz. economic evaluation and the public parts in economic condition. Any adjustment done by FEEC controller asks the point itself to improve other members to meet the requirements. ln this paper, the template for economic condition and economic evaluation is defined , and then the generic type of economical space and FEE. controller is also given.展开更多
This paper gives the concepts of extension error set and fuzzy extension error set, discusses diverse extension error set and fuzzy extension error set based on extension set and error set, and puts forward the releva...This paper gives the concepts of extension error set and fuzzy extension error set, discusses diverse extension error set and fuzzy extension error set based on extension set and error set, and puts forward the relevant propositions and operations. Finally, it provides proofs of the soundness and completeness for the propositions and operations.展开更多
在现有优化概念方案中,裁剪方法的确定组件环节存在欠缺,提出以理想度优化为目标的裁剪组件确定方法。根据概念方案确定产品完成主要功能的流程,采用可拓表达构建功能事元。通过拓展分析进行潜在问题分析,将关键潜在问题的相关组件作为...在现有优化概念方案中,裁剪方法的确定组件环节存在欠缺,提出以理想度优化为目标的裁剪组件确定方法。根据概念方案确定产品完成主要功能的流程,采用可拓表达构建功能事元。通过拓展分析进行潜在问题分析,将关键潜在问题的相关组件作为待裁剪组件。通过模糊故障模式影响分析(Failure Mode and Effects Analysis,FMEA)计算负面功能值,基于CRITIC权重法确定影响因素的权重值,计算待裁剪组件的优先权,提出产品概念设计结构优化的裁剪流程。对温室穴盘苗移栽机进行优化,验证此方法的可行性。研究结果表明:改进的裁剪方法可在概念设计阶段优化产品结构,提高方案理想度。展开更多
Although the concept of interval fuzzy set and its properties have been defined, its three theorems and their effectiveness are not proved. Therefore, the knowledge presentation and its operation rules of interval fuz...Although the concept of interval fuzzy set and its properties have been defined, its three theorems and their effectiveness are not proved. Therefore, the knowledge presentation and its operation rules of interval fuzzy set are studied firstly, and then the cut set of interval fuzzy set is proposed. Moreover, the decomposition theo- rem, the representation theorem and the extension theorem of interval fuzzy set are presented. Finally, examples are given to demonstrate that the classical fuzzy set is a special case of interval fuzzy set and interval fuzzy set is an effective expansion of the classical fuzzy set.展开更多
文摘In recent years,with the global environmental pollution becoming more and more serious,and the widespread application of PPP model in various fields,PPP model provides a new solution for environmental governance.However,due to environmental management of PPP projects in practice by various factors,such as the lack of social value,organizational management confusion and consultation communication is not in place cause group events,resulting in the failure of the PPP project,and a large number of economic losses.Therefore,the objective of this paper is to ensure the smooth implementation of environmental management of PPP projects,to reduce the risk to avoid failure.The research methods adopted in this study include literature review and case analysis,based on the theory of environmental governance PPP,select 15 failure cases analysis failure reasons,identify environmental management PPP project’s 18 failure factors,starting from the government to enterprises.The index is divided into three dimensions:social system,organization and management,public behavior,and determination of failure measure index system.Based on the theory of the open matter,the failure measure model is established,and the failure factor index is measured and analyzed.The degree of failure of the project is clarified and the PPP project is analyzed by a sewage treatment to verify the reasonable model of the failure measure model.The feasibility of the future of environmental management PPP project failure risk provides a practical tool.
文摘An evaluation model of an international venture investment project on the basis of fuzzy matter-element and combined weight methods is introduced. First, the compound fuzzy matter-element of optimal subordinate degree is constructed on the principle of the bigger-more-optimal or the less-more-optimal depending on the actual evaluation indicators, and combined with standard fuzzy matter-element to form a difference-square fuzzy matter-element. Secondly, a combined weight is calculated by both information entropy and the expert grading method. Finally, the compound fuzzy matter-element of Euclidian approach degree by M(·,+)method is constituted and used to classify venture investment projects. Based on the model above, six venture investment projects in a company are evaluated, and the results show that the projects are all good, which is demonstrated by the good income of the projects. Therefore, the coincidence of evaluation results and actual operation status indicates that the model is of great value in practical application.
文摘In order to solve the problem that determining decision factors weights is of subjectivity in heterogeneous wireless network selection algorithm, a network selection algorithm based on extension theory and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process （FAHP） is proposed in this paper. In addition, user and operator codetermine the optimal network using the proposed algorithm, which can give consideration to user and operator benefits. The fuzzy judgment matrix is coustructed by membership degree of decision factors which is calculated according to extension theory. The comprehensive weight of each decision factor is obtained using FAHP. Finally, the optimal network is selected through total property value ranldng of each candidate network under user preference and operator preference. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can select the optimal network efficiently and accurately, satisfy user preference, and implement load balance between networks.
文摘It is quite difficult as to how to choose an appropriate home elevator, because the factories manufacturing home elevator are numerous and the models of production are different. Therefore, this article combines .fuzzy math with extension theory on the basis of matter element theory, extension set theory and correlation function, constructs a classical matter element and a segmentfield matter element by classifying home elevator performance and making a performance index membership zero dimension, and establishes an extension fuzzy evaluation model of home elevator performance levels. The example in this article shows that the established method is able to evaluate actual home elevator performance.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (50879018)Innovation Project of Jiangsu Province in 2008+1 种基金Special Fee for Scientific Research in Public Welfare Industry of Ministry of Water Resources (201001030)Special Fee of Key National Laboratories (1069-50987112)
文摘[Objective] The study aimed to assess the health state of rivers by using fuzzy matter-element model.[Method] Based on fuzzy matter-element analysis theory,the assessment model of river health was established,then a modified method to calculate the superior subordinate degree was put forward according to Hamming distance.Afterwards,a multi-level evaluation model,which contained the assessment indicators about hydrological features,ecological characteristics,environmental traits and service function,was set up based on this method above.Finally,the model was applied in the health assessment of Qinhuai River.[Result] The health state of Qinhuai River was at medium level.This assessment result was consistent with that of comprehensive index method,and it showed that the multi-level fuzzy matter-element model was effective in the assessment of river health.[Conclusion] The research provided an effective method to evaluate the state of river health.
文摘It＇ s a necessary selection to support the maneuver across Yangtze River by floating bridge constructed by portable steel bridge and civilian ships. It is a comprehensive index for the scheme of bridge raft, containing a variety of technical factors and uncertainties. The optimization is the selection in the constructing time, quantity of equipments and man power. Based on the calculation result of bridge rafts, an evaluating system is established, consisting of index of spacing between interior bays, raft length, truss numbers, operation difficulty and maximal bending stress. A fuzzy matter element model of optimizing selection of bridge rafts was built up by combining quantitative analysis with qualitative analysis. The method of combination weighting was used to calculate the value of weights index to reduce the subjective randomness. The sequence of schemes and the optimization resuh were gained finally based on euclid approach degree. The application result shows that it is simple and practical.
文摘The system of linear equations plays a vital role in real life problems such as optimization, economics, and engineering. The parameters of the system of linear equations are modeled by taking the experimental or observation data. So the parameters of the system actually contain uncertainty rather than the crisp one. The uncertainties may be considered in term of interval or fuzzy numbers. In this paper, a detailed study of three solution techniques namely Classical Method, Extension Principle method and α-cuts and interval Arithmetic Method to solve the system of fuzzy linear equations has been done. Appropriate applications are given to illustrate each technique. Then we discuss the comparison of the different methods numerically and graphically.
基金Hubei Key Scientific and Technological Items(981P1201).
文摘The slope stability is affected by multiple factors. Thecomprehensive evaluation of the slope stability is a complicateproblem. The principles of extension theory have been used in thispaper to establish the matter-element model for the evaluation ofslope stability. The quantitative evaluated results have been giventhrough the calculation of the matter-element dependent degree.
文摘A novel extension diagnosis method was proposed for enhancing the diagnosis ability of the conventional dissolved gas analysis. Based on the extension theory a matter-element model was established for qualitatively and quantitatively describing the fault diagnosis problem of power transformers. The degree of relation based on the dependent functions was employed to determine the nature and the grade of the faults in a transformer system. And the proposed method was verified with the experimental data. The results show that accuracy rate of the diagnosis method exceeds 90% and two kinds of faults can be detected at the same time.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40572170, 40871088 )
文摘On the basis of the soil environment investigation in Da＇an City, Jilin Province, China, 40 soil samples from main land use types were obtained and tested by standard method. Soil organic matter （SOM）, total N （TN）, total P （TP）, total K （TK）, available N （AN）, available P （AP） and available K （AK） were chosen as the evaluation factors. A regional soil nutrient evaluation model was developed based on the matter-element model. The results show that the soil samples with nutrient grade Ⅱ-Ⅴ respectively account for 10%, 30%, 32.5% and 27.5%, and those with grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ account for 60% in all samples. The relationship between soil nutrients and land types indicates that the nutrients of farmland are relatively good, with 41.7% of soil samples with the nutrient grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ. The nutrients of saline-alkali land and sandy land are the worst, with 100% of soil samples with the nutrient grade IV and V. And the ratios of soil samples grade IV and V in grassland and wasteland are respectively 62.5 % and 54.55%. Generally speaking, the soil nutrients status in Da＇an City is poor, 60% of soil samples are in poor and extremely poor conditions, indicating that the soil has been severely eroded. Being a relatively superior evaluation method with more accurate resuits and spatial distribution consistency, matter-element analysis is more suitable for regional soil nutrient evaluation than previous models.
文摘ln this paper, FEEC theory is studied. An economical space is a dynamic model for any scope of certain economy and market . ln an economical space, any point represents some economical area or entity and is assigned an variable economic condition Any subspace is assigned an variable economic evaluation. FEEC controller operates oz. economic evaluation and the public parts in economic condition. Any adjustment done by FEEC controller asks the point itself to improve other members to meet the requirements. ln this paper, the template for economic condition and economic evaluation is defined , and then the generic type of economical space and FEE. controller is also given.
文摘This paper gives the concepts of extension error set and fuzzy extension error set, discusses diverse extension error set and fuzzy extension error set based on extension set and error set, and puts forward the relevant propositions and operations. Finally, it provides proofs of the soundness and completeness for the propositions and operations.
文摘在现有优化概念方案中,裁剪方法的确定组件环节存在欠缺,提出以理想度优化为目标的裁剪组件确定方法。根据概念方案确定产品完成主要功能的流程,采用可拓表达构建功能事元。通过拓展分析进行潜在问题分析,将关键潜在问题的相关组件作为待裁剪组件。通过模糊故障模式影响分析(Failure Mode and Effects Analysis,FMEA)计算负面功能值,基于CRITIC权重法确定影响因素的权重值,计算待裁剪组件的优先权,提出产品概念设计结构优化的裁剪流程。对温室穴盘苗移栽机进行优化,验证此方法的可行性。研究结果表明:改进的裁剪方法可在概念设计阶段优化产品结构,提高方案理想度。
基金Supported by the Aeronautical Science Foundation(20115868009)the Open Project Program of Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing&Information Processing of Ministry of Education in Xiangtan University(2011ICIP04)+1 种基金the Program of 211 Innovation Engineering on Information in Xiamen University(2009-2011)the College Students Innovation Training Plan of Xianmen University~~
文摘Although the concept of interval fuzzy set and its properties have been defined, its three theorems and their effectiveness are not proved. Therefore, the knowledge presentation and its operation rules of interval fuzzy set are studied firstly, and then the cut set of interval fuzzy set is proposed. Moreover, the decomposition theo- rem, the representation theorem and the extension theorem of interval fuzzy set are presented. Finally, examples are given to demonstrate that the classical fuzzy set is a special case of interval fuzzy set and interval fuzzy set is an effective expansion of the classical fuzzy set.
