Impulsive stabilization of a class of nonlinear system with bounded gain error

Considering mechanical limitation or device restriction in practical application, this paper investigates impulsive stabilization of nonlinear systems with impulsive gain error. Compared with the existing impulsive analytical approaches,the proposed impulsive control method is more practically applicable, which includes control gain error with an acceptable boundary. A sufficient criterion for global exponential stability of an impulsive control system is derived, which relaxes the condition for precise impulsive gain efficiently. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by theoretical analysis and numerical simulation based on Chua＇s circuit.

Study on fast calibration of a ULA's gain and phase error

Array calibration is important in engineering practice. In this paper, fast calibration methods for a ULA's gain and phase errors both in far and near fields are proposed. In the far field, using a single sound source without exact orientation, this method horizontally rotates the array exactly once, performs eigen value decomposition for the covariance matrix of received data, then computes the gain and phase error according to the formulas. In the near field, using the same single sound source, it is necessary to rotate the array horizontally at most three times, build equations according to geometric relations, then solve them. Using the formula proposed in this paper, spherical waves are modified into plane waves. Then eigen values decomposition is performed. These two calibration methods were shown to be valid by simulation and are fast, accurate and easy to use. Finally, an analysis of factors influencing estimation precision is given.

DOA estimation for mixed signals with gain-phase error array

Most of the direction of arrival(DOA) estimation methods often need the exact array manifold, but in actual applications,the gain and phase of the channels are usually inconsistent, which will cause the estimation invalid. A novel direction finding approach for mixed far-field and near-field signals with gain-phase error array is provided. Based on simplifying the space spectrum function by matrix transformation, DOA of far-field signals is obtained. Consequently, errors of the array are acquired according to the orthogonality of far-field signal subspace and noise subspace.Finally, DOA of near-field signals can be estimated. The method merely needs one-dimensional spectrum searching, so as to improve the computational efficiency on the premise of ensuring a certain accuracy, simulation results manifest the effectiveness of the method.

Sensor array calibration for uniform rectangular array in presence of mutual coupling and sensor gain-and-phase errors

The sensor array calibration methods tailored to uniform rectangular array(URA)in the presence of mutual coupling and sensor gain-and-phase errors were addressed.First,the mutual coupling model of the URA was studied,and then a set of steering vectors corresponding to distinct locations were numerically computed with the help of several time-disjoint auxiliary sources with known directions.Then,the optimization modeling with respect to the array error matrix(defined by the product of mutual coupling matrix and sensor gain-and-phase errors matrix)was constructed.Two preferable algorithms(called algorithm I and algorithm II)were developed to minimize the cost function.In algorithm I,the array error matrix was regarded as a whole parameter to be estimated,and the exact solution was available.Compared to some existing algorithms with the similar computation framework,algorithm I can make full use of the potentially linear characteristics of URA's error matrix,thus,the calibration precision was obviously enhanced.In algorithm II,the array error matrix was decomposed into two matrix parameters to be optimized.Compared to algorithm I,it can further decrease the number of unknowns and,thereby,yield better estimation accuracy.However,algorithm II was incapable of producing the closed-form solution and the iteration operation was unavoidable.Simulation results validate the excellent performances of the two novel algorithms compared to some existing calibration algorithms.

幅相误差对体积阵MVDR波束形成的影响

体积阵是一种由多个水听器组成的立体阵列,能够增大潜标接收基阵的孔径,获得较大的空间增益,工程中多将其制作成具有收合、展开功能的阵列应用于低频吊放声呐。由于各水听器通道内器件参数和幅度增益不一致,体积阵的每个阵元接收到的信号之间存在幅相误差。文中通过建立存在幅相误差时的双圆环体积阵模型,从统计学角度分析了幅相误差对其协方差矩阵、最小方差无畸变(MVDR)波束形成器的输出信噪比(SNR)、阵增益以及方位估计精度的影响。计算机仿真结果表明,阵列幅相误差的存在会导致MVDR波束形成器的输出SNR和阵增益降低;对于相位误差而言,当输入SNR在-5 dB以上时,这种影响随输入SNR的增大越来越明显;对于幅度误差而言,当输入SNR在-10 dB以上时,幅度误差对MVDR波束形成器的输出SNR和阵增益的影响会更显著;并且,相比于幅度误差,MVDR波束形成的方位估计精度对相位误差更加敏感。

STUDY ON GAIN-SCHEDULING PROBLEM IN FLIGHT CONTROL

Gain-scheduling has gotits w ide applications in m odern flightcontrol, in w hich control gains are scheduled w ith variablessuch as dynam ic pressure and Mach num ber, to m eet dynam ic re- sponse requirem ents in different flight conditions. Classicalgain-scheduling approaches m ay resultin som e problem s, w hich can not guarantee globalrobustness and stability in transitions of different flight conditions. Gain-scheduling problem is system atically investigated from robustness point of view in the paper. Detailed procedures for gain-scheduled controller to achieve both robustness and stability perform ance are given and applied to a typicalflight controlsystem . For sw itching stability problem s ofdifferentflightconditionsin flightcontrolsystem s, a new approach isproposed, in w hich differentflight conditions are reduced into a param eter varying plant using interpolation firstly, and then param eter-varying controller design goes next. Though interpolation errors m ay exist, the ro- bustparam etervarying controller design can com pensate forthose uncertaintiesand errors, and final- ly achieve good perform ance ofrobustnessand sw itching stability during transitions. Illustrative sim - ulation atlastshow s satisfactory results.

Improved Interference Suppression Algorithm Against Broadband BPSK Interference

An improved polar exciser （IMPE） interference suppression method against broadband constant envelope binary phase shift keying （BPSK） interference is proposed. The disadvantage of traditional polar exciser （PE） is the performance degradation when the power of interference is low, i.e., the threshold effect. The proposed improved PE （IMPE） algorithm can overcome the threshold effect of PE by introducing compression gain （CG） metric, which forces PE suppressor active only at larger jammer-to-signal ratio （JSR） and switch to matched filter （MF） at lower JSR. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations show the exactness of CG as a switching metric and the validity of the IMPE algorithm.

Energy efficiency enhancement of two-way amplifier forward relaying with channel estimation error

In order to save energy consumption of two-way amplifier forward(AF) relaying with channel estimation error, an energy efficiency enhancement scheme is proposed in this work. Firstly, through the analysis of two-way AF relaying mode with channel estimation error, the resultant instantaneous SNRs at end nodes is obtained. Then, by using a high SNR approximation, outage possibility is acquired and its simple closed-form expression is represented. Specially, for using the energy resource more efficiently, a low-complexity power allocation and transmission mode selection policy is proposed to enhance the energy efficiency of two-way AF relay system. Finally, relay priority region is identified in which cooperative diversity energy gain can be achieved. The computer simulations are presented to verify our analytical results, indicating that the proposed policy outperforms direct transmission by an energy gain of 3 dB at the relative channel estimation error less than 0.001. The results also show that the two-way AF relaying transmission loses the two-way AF relaying transmission loses its superiority to direct transmission in terms of energy efficiency when channel estimation error reaches 0.03.

Polynomial-Based Evaluation of the Impact of Aperture Phase Taper on the Gain of Rectangular Horns

The aperture phase taper due to quadratic phase errors in the principal planes of a rectangular horn imposes signifi-cant constraints on the on-axis far-field gain of the horn. The precise calculation of gain reduction involves Fresnel integrals;therefore, exact results are obtained only from numerical methods. However, in horns’ analysis and design, simple closed-form expressions are often required for the description of horn-gain. This paper provides a set of simple polynomial approximations that adequately describe the gain reduction factors of pyramidal and sectoral horns. The proposed formulas are derived using least-squares polynomial regression analysis and they are valid for a broad range of quadratic phase error values. Numerical results verify the accuracy of the derived expressions. Application examples and comparisons with methods in the literature demonstrate the efficacy of the approach.

基于辅助阵元的幅相误差和DOA同时估计算法

针对阵元幅相误差使波达方向(direction of arrival,DOA)估计精度下降的问题,提出了一种阵元幅相误差和DOA同时估计算法。该算法通过在阵列一侧设置少量已校正阵元,改变了误差矩阵的结构,并根据改变后的矩阵特征构造了变换矩阵,通过构造的变换矩阵和子空间算法,实现了对阵元幅相误差和DOA的同时估计。此外,该算法能够解决信源功率存在较大差异时误差估计不准的问题,实现了高精度的误差和角度的同时估计。计算机仿真结果证明了所提算法的正确性和有效性。

开关磁阻电机电流跟踪变增益鲁棒控制

针对开关磁阻电机(SRM)传统滞环控制电流跟踪效果差和转矩脉动大的问题,提出一种变增益鲁棒控制方法。基于SRM极端位置磁化曲线,建立考虑磁饱和效应的SRM非线性解析模型,实现了电机增量电感和反电动势的在线估计。为克服模型不确定造成的估计偏差,设计SRM电流鲁棒控制器,利用反馈增益对增量电感和反电动势的估计偏差进行在线补偿,提高电流跟踪控制精确度。基于Lyapunov直接法对SRM电流控制器进行分析设计,保证了控制系统的稳定性。在此基础上,采用线性转矩模型和误差补偿设计新型转矩-电流转换器,实现转矩到电流的精确映射,间接完成转矩平滑控制。实验结果表明,SRM变增益鲁棒控制器的电流跟踪均方根误差和转矩脉动系数均低于传统滞环控制,具有更好的电流跟踪性能和转矩脉动抑制能力,有效提高了SRM驱动性能。

麦克风阵列幅相误差校准的最小二乘系统辨识研究

阵列幅相误差显著降低了麦克风阵列的声源定位算法性能,研究了一种麦克风阵列幅相误差有源宽带近场校准方法。该方法采用一个校准源,线性正弦扫频信号作为激励信号,它先对阵列接受到的信号进行幅值和相位补偿,以阵列中的一个阵元作为参考阵元,把参考阵元与待校准阵元当作单输入单输出线性系统,然后通过递推最小二乘(RLS)系统辨识算法获得用于通道校准的FIR滤波器。用三维声强探头阵列进行校准和声源定位实验,验证了所提出的校准方法实用有效。

基于稀疏贝叶斯学习的稳健STAP算法

为了提高阵列幅相误差和格点失配情况下稀疏恢复空时自适应处理(sparse recovery space-time adaptive processing,SR-STAP)算法的性能,提出一种基于稀疏贝叶斯学习的稳健SR-STAP算法。首先,利用空时导向矢量的Kronecker结构构建SR-STAP误差信号模型;然后,利用贝叶斯推断和最大期望算法迭代求取角度多普勒像和误差参数;最后,利用求解参数估计精确的杂波加噪声协方差矩阵并计算权矢量。仿真实验表明,所提算法能够显著提高稀疏信号模型失配时的目标检测性能。

基于IESKF的激光惯性里程计实现方法研究

针对主流的激光里程计方案存在精度较低和计算耗时严重的问题,提出一种基于迭代误差状态卡尔曼滤波器的IMU与LiDAR紧耦合的里程计方案,将IMU预积分结果与特征点云匹配结果融合得到高精度位姿,并且使用等效卡尔曼增益公式,降低计算维度,提高系统运行效率。对比分析了主流里程计方案与本方案在位姿估计精度和时效性上的表现,结果表明,本方案在满足系统实时性的前提下,能有效提高里程计的精度。

MIMO系统中基于代价函数和排序模式的MMSE SIC检测器

针对多输入多输出空间多路复用系统,提出了一种基于代价函数和排序模式的多个并行分支的最小均方误差连续干扰消除检测器;具体而言,设计了选择规则来选择代价函数性能最好的分支,并通过利用不同的检测排序模式使得每个分支中的SIC算法按照信号干扰噪声比由高到低来检测信号,从而实现完全检测分集;为了进一步降低算法的计算复杂度,还提出了一种采用递归最小二乘算法的有效自适应接收机来更新滤波器权值向量,从而获得基于递归最小二乘算法的MB-SIC接收机的自适应实现;此外,还对提出的检测器在比特差错概率性能方面进行了分析;仿真结果表明,相比于现有的检测算法,提出的算法不仅具有较低的计算复杂度,而且能获得更好的误码率性能。

弹载雷达阵列幅相误差校正及目标超分辨技术

传统波束形成方法受瑞利限约束,不能有效分辨主瓣内的两个目标,在阵列存在幅相误差时,参数估计精度和分辨率都会下降。针对该问题,研究了利用强回波信号校正二维面阵幅相误差的方法,并给出了采用平滑多重信号分类(MUSIC)算法处理相干回波信号的阵列平滑方法。仿真实验证明了幅相误差估计算法的有效性,说明了幅相误差对目标分辨的影响较大,在校正后可以恢复目标角度超分辨性能。

基于模糊滑模的爬壁机器人末端自动控制方法

由于爬壁机器人在末端控制过程中,易受信号强度变化、网络配置高低和传感器性能等因素的干扰,导致爬壁机器人末端控制速度和稳态值较低、误差较大的问题。为此,提出基于模糊滑模的爬壁机器人末端自动控制方法。首先,利用刚体上6个特征点的单方向增量,得到爬壁机器人的末端位置;然后,通过基于再生权最小二乘法,结合最优剪枝极限学习机法,对得到的末端位置进行误差补偿,以此来提高控制精度;最后,使用模糊滑模理论,推导出一种基于等效控制和切换控制的模糊滑模控制器,实现爬壁机器人的末端自动控制。实验结果表明,所提方法的自动控制速度和稳态值较高,能够有效降低自动控制误差。

基于三稳态随机共振的BPSK信号检测算法

基于高斯白噪声下BPSK信号接收误码率较高的问题,提出了一种基于三稳态随机共振系统来降低BPSK信号误码率的方法。首先,基于随机共振的BPSK通信系模型,推导了系统的输出信噪比及信噪比增益的表达式。其次,以信噪比增益为衡量指标,探究了系统参数a、b、c和噪声强度D对共振输出的影响。研究表明,随着噪声强度的增加,输出信噪比呈现单峰结构;信噪比增益始终大于1,峰值随着系统参数b的增大而逐渐增大,但随着系统参数a和c的增大而减小。最后,在强噪声背景下,对BPSK信号的传统接收方案和所提方法的误码率进行仿真对比分析,结果证实信号在经过随机共振系统后,时域图像更为清晰,毛刺明显减少,频谱幅值是传统方法的4.613倍。

一种近场麦克风阵列幅相误差校准方法

阵列幅相误差会显著降低麦克风阵列的声源定位性能,因此对麦克风阵列的幅度和相位进行良好校准至关重要。文章针对近场麦克风阵列,引入三维多重信号分类(Multiple Signal Classification,MUSIC)近场算法,对基于特征结构的阵列幅度和相位校正方法进行改进。改进后的校正方法不再局限于特定阵列的拓扑结构,可以实现近场校正,具有较高的定位估计精度。

高精度模数转换器通道之间的时间误差校准算法研究

为避免模数转换器数字输出信号出现明显的滞后现象,实现对信号传输误差的有效弥补,提出了高精度模数转换器通道之间的时间误差校准算法。基于增益误差、失配误差、采样误差等3个指标,分析高精度模数转换器通道之间的主要时间误差参量。根据过零点数量,求解增益失配系数,确定动态校准指标数值,进而完成对时间误差参量的实时校准。对比实验结果表明,与TIADC时间误差校准算法相比,高精度模数转换器通道之间的时间误差校准算法能够实现对信号传输误差的有效补偿。