The Ecological Value and Feasibility of Composting Technology for Garden Soil Improvement

Soil quality of garden plants is an important factor for good growth of garden plants.Based on the analysis of the current situation of garden soil,the ecological value and feasibility of composting technology applied in garden soil improvement were discussed.This study provided a basis for strengthening the quality management of garden soil,improving the standard of garden soil improvement,and helping the healthy and sustainable development of modern garden greening.

Leaching of Copper and Zinc in a Garden Soil Receiving Poultry and Livestock Manures from Intensive Farming

The leaching characteristics of a garden soil may be greatly affected by application of poultry and livestock manures from intensive farming.Packed soil columns of a garden soil (CK) and the soils after respectively receiving 2% pig manure (PM),chicken manure (CM),and commercial organic manure (OM) were leached with 0.05 mol L^(-1) Ca(NO_3)_2 and 0.01 mol L^(-1) EDTA solutions.The leachate EC (electric conductivity) values gradually increased at the beginning and then reached a stable value when the soil columns were leached with 0.05 mol L^(-1) Ca(NO_3)_2 solution.The leachate EC values showed a peak-shape when leached with 0.01 mol L^(-1) EDTA solution.In all the soil columns,the pH values of the leachates decreased with increase of displacement volumes when the Ca(NO_3)_2 solution was used.The total amounts of Cu and Zn eluted from the four soil columns were significantly correlated with the extracted soil Cu and Zn concentrations by 1.0 mol L^(-1) NH_4NO_3,but were not correlated with the leachate dissolved organic carbon (DOC) contents.The Zn concentration in the leachate of the PM-treated soil column with 0.05 mol L^(-1) Ca(NO_3)_2 solution was above the Quality StandardⅢfor Ground Water of China (GB/T 14848-93,Zn<1.0 mg L^(-1)).When compared with 0.05 mol L^(-1) Ca(NO_3)_2,the EDTA solution significantly accelerated Cu and Zn elutions in the manure-treated columns.This suggested that applying poultry and livestock manures from intensive farming to farmland might pose a threat to the groundwater quality.

Survey on Fertility of Tea Garden Soil in Meizhou Region

Survey on fertility of tea garden soil in Meizhou region indicates that tea garden soil has strong acidity; organic matter content remains at medium level; there is a severe lack of available content of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P) and potassium(K); available calcium(Ca) and magnesium(Mg) content is also insufficient; available sulfur(S) is abundant. In the management of tea cultivation,it is recommended to supplement organic fertilizer,balance the application of NPK fertilizer,and adequately alleviate shortage of Ca and Mg element,to guarantee high and stable yield of tea.

Drivers of the Chemical Quality of Market Gardening Soils in the Urban and Peri-Urban Environment of Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso): Impact of Fertilizers Sources and Sites Location

Urban and peri-urban agriculture plays a key role by providing many goods and services. In particular, it provides diversified food and employment for vulnerable groups (youth and women). However, it often involves negative externalities due to non-conventional soils fertility management practices. This study aimed to investigate the chemical quality of soils over six (06) sites of the market gardening area of Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso) as affected by fertilizers uses and sites location. Thirty (30) representative market gardening farms, located in urban, semi-urban and rural areas, were randomly selected from a baseline survey database. Within each farm, composite soil samples made up of 3 individual cores were taken over the 0 - 15 cm soil depth for determining soils carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus contents and pH-water. These data were normalized and summarized to compute a synthetic Soil Fertility Index (SFI). The data processing was focused on a Principal Component Analysis and an Ascendant Hierarchical Classification in order to make a typology of the vegetable farms. Fertilizers management effects on soils quality were compared through Variance Analysis (ANOVA) following a GLM procedure in Rstudio software. As main results, soils chemical parameters, except for available K, were affected by the location of the sites. Soils in urban farms are less acidic (on average pH = 6.9), while semi-urban and rural sites (Samadeni, Nakaguana) have more acidic soils. However, the latter site had the highest values of C and N. Moreover, the long-term application of organic matter sources results in improving of the chemical quality of the market garden soil. The SFI is positively correlated with the rate of applied organic fertilizers, and the cultivation duration. On the other hand, soil quality tends to decrease with the expansion of the area, due to a dilution effect of the organic fertilizer doses. All these results suggest that there is a real scope to reinforce the position of the market garden as an opportunity for recycling organic wastes and sequestration of carbon by promoting relevant fertilization packages that strongly rely on organic matters sources (Compost, Biochar, etc.).

Distribution of Aluminum and Fluoride in Tea Plant and Soil of Tea Garden in Central and Southwest China

The distribution of Al and F contents and the relationship between Al and F in tea plants and soils of 12 tea gardens in Central and Southwest China were investigated from October 31 to November 14, 2006. The results show that there were differences in pH, CEC, the contents of organic matter (OM), Al and F in the different soils of the tea gardens. The Al content ranged from 1196 to 7976mg/kg for old leaf, 370 to 2681mg/kg for young leaf and 285 to 525mg/kg for stem, whereas the content of F ranged from 221 to 1504mg/kg for old leaf, 49 to 602mg/kg for young leaf and 13.5 to 77.5mg/kg for stem. The concentrations of labile Al varied obviously in the different soils, but the distribution law of labile Al content for the same garden was Alexchangeable≈AlFe-Mn oxide>Alorganic>Alwater-soluble. The contents of different labile F fractions varied slightly in the different soils and the different soil layers, though the exchangeable F content was lowest among the labile F in the soils. The concentrations of Al and F in tea plants increased with increasing amount of water-soluble Al or F, especially the amount of water-soluble fractions in the soil layer of 0-20cm.The correlation between Al content and F content in the tea leaf was more significant than that in the tea stem. Furthermore, the correlation between Al content and F content in whole tea plant was strongly significant (r=0.8763, p<0.01, n=36). There were evident tendency that Al concentration increased with the increase of F concentration in different soil layers. The correlation of water-soluble Al with water-soluble F in all soils was also strongly significant (r=0.7029, p<0.01, n=34). The results may provide a proof that Al and F are jointly taken up by tea plants to some extent in natural tea gardens.

Effects of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Treatments on Soil Enzymatic Activities in Mulberry Gardens

[ Objective] The present experiment was undertaken to investigate the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer application levels on soil enzymatic activities in mulberry gardens, thus providing reference for rational application of nitrogen fertilizer and production of high-quality mulberry leaves. [Method] Field experiments were conducted with three different nitrogen fertilizer application levels： N, （ 120.75 kg/hm2 ）, N2 （ 172.5 kg/hm2 ）, and N3 （207 kg/hm2 ）. Activities of catalase, urease, acid phosphatase and invertase in soil applied with different amount of nitrogen fertilizer were determined to analyze the correlation between soil enzymatic activities and mulberry leaf yield. [ Result] Activities of urease and invertase in soil were improved with the increasing application level of nitrogen fertil- izer; activities of catalase and acid phosphatase reached the highest in treatment N2. Activities of invertase and urease in soil exhibited significant positive correla- tions; activities of invertase and phosphatase exhibited significant positive correlations; extremely significant positive correlations were found between mulberry leaf yield and activities of urease, phosphatase and invertase in soil. [ Conclusion] Rationally applying nitrogen fertilizer can improve activities of invertase, phosphatase and urease in mulberry gardens ; activities of urease and invertase in soil can be used as indicators to evaluate soil properties in mulberry gardens.

Effects of Different Cultivation Time of Garden Plants on Soil Chemical Properties and Soil Enzyme Activities

Garden soil test was used to study the effects of different cultivation time of garden plants on soil chemical properties and soil enzyme activities in the garden. The results showed that with the extension of cultivation time,the activity of protease,urease and catalase in Ginkgo biloba soil increased significantly,while the activity of protease in other garden plants showed a certain degree of decline,and the activity of urease increased significantly in the soil cultivated Lagerstroemia indica for over 3 years. However,in the soil cultivated the garden plants for less than 3 years,the difference in the activity of urease was relatively small,and the difference in the activity of catalase was relatively significant.

Effects of Different Farming Methods and Their Effects on Soil Physicochemical Properties of Guilin Maojian Tea Gardens

In order to further optimize the cultivation and agronomic technology of Guilin Maojian tea gardens, the effects, efficiencies and costs of different farming methods and their effects on the physiochemical properties of tea garden soil were studied through the modification of the test sites with the non-farming land as the control. The results showed that human farming, mini-tiller farming and crawler tractor farming could improve the physical and chemical properties of soil. After farming, the soil had good water retention but low moisture content compared to the control group, while the soil bulk density and hardness value were significantly lower than those of the control, and the porosity of soil was significantly higher than that of contrast. With the passage of time, soil bulk density and hardness value gradually increased after farming, while the porosity of soil decreased gradually. There were great differences in the effects, efficiencies and costs of different farming methods. Crawler tractor had the best and most stable farming effect, and the operation efficiency was 10 times that of human farming while the cost was only 0.39 times of human farming. Therefore, it was feasible to adopt mini-tiller or crawler tractor to carry out mechanical farming of Guilin Maojian tea garden, which provided theoretical references for the soil property improvement using mechanical farming and was favorable for promoting the popularization of farming machines and the acceleration of mechanization of tea gardens. But for tea plantations that are intended to be mechanized, apart from the mechanical and technical personnel to be configured in place, the site conditions, planting modes and mechanical way reservation of tea garden should be planned accordingly. It is recommended to select flat or gentle slope for reclamation, and preference is given to non-sexual tea tree varieties with big line spacing over 180 cm long. Moreover, the main road construction should be more than 3.0 m, and trunk road 2.0 m or above. And isolation ditch and drain should be set between the tea garden and the surrounding mountain forests and farmland.

施用不同调理剂对酸化茶园土壤化学性质及茶叶品质的影响

针对茶园土壤酸化问题,利用不同配方调理剂对其进行土壤改良。采用田间微区试验的方法,以种植英红九号年限分别为2年(幼龄)和8年(成龄)茶园为研究对象,设置4个不同处理:不施调理剂(CK)、调理剂Ⅰ(生物炭,T1)、调理剂Ⅱ(生物炭+石灰,T2)及调理剂Ⅲ(生物炭+碱渣钙镁肥,T3),施用量为20 t·hm^(-2)。通过2年定位试验,研究3种调理剂对茶园土壤的主要化学性质及茶叶品质的影响。土壤分析表明,与对照组相比,2年的试验周期中,2种茶园的土壤pH均呈现先升后降的趋势,试验4个月后施用调理剂Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的幼龄茶园土壤pH值分别升高了0.11、0.20和0.22个单位,成龄茶园pH值分别升高了0.15、0.16和0.38个单位,但经过16个月后pH值又会逐渐下降。幼龄茶园土壤有效磷和速效钾含量均有显著升高,而成龄茶园只有速效钾含量显著升高。茶叶品质分析表明,与CK相比,试验4个月后幼龄茶园调理剂处理组茶叶的水浸出物含量分别显著增加6.66%、6.30%和6.80%。施用调理剂可以改善茶园酸性土壤,增加土壤肥力和茶叶内含物质含量。

有机种植方式对茶园土壤酸碱度的影响

土壤过度酸化是影响茶产业持续健康发展的主要因素之一,为了解有机管理方式对茶园土壤酸碱度的长期影响,以常规茶园为对照,研究了我国18个省份84个产茶县有机管理1~21 a对茶园土壤pH的影响。结果表明,有机茶园比常规茶园土壤pH平均高0.36,达极显著水平;随着有机管理年份的增加,茶园土壤pH总体为先显著上升、后显著下降并维持相对平稳,有机管理1~5、6~10、11~15、16~21 a的pH比常规茶园分别高0.48、0.23、0.28和0.30,均达显著或极显著水平;有机管理方式还有利于土壤pH向最适合茶树生长发育的方向发展,pH 4.5~5.5的茶园占比,常规茶园为41.9%,有机管理1~5、6~10、11~15、16~21 a的茶园分别为53.1%、48.9%、58.7%和66.7%,总体随有机管理年限的增加而增加。可见,有机管理方式能防止茶园土壤严重酸化,使土壤pH向着最适合茶树生长发育的方向发展。

接种蚯蚓对有机茶园土壤结构及有机碳库的影响

为探讨接种蚯蚓对有机茶园土壤团聚体、孔隙分布及有机碳库的影响,设置375条/m^(2),250条/m^(2),125条/m^(2)三种蚯蚓投放密度,将威廉腔环蚓接种于信阳有机茶园土壤中。结果表明:接种蚯蚓能显著提升>2mm大团聚体的比例而降低<0.25mm粒径的微团聚体的比例;提高水稳性小团聚体(0.25mm≤d≤2mm)比例,但对水稳性大团聚体d>2mm的影响不显著;高密度蚯蚓处理平均重量直径(MWD),平均几何直径(NWD)以及分型维数(D),团聚体破坏率(PAD)显著高于其他密度处理及对照(CK)。接种蚯蚓使得结构性孔隙(土壤颗粒间和团聚体间孔隙)所占比重增加,其中以团聚体间孔隙增加最为显著,其次为颗粒间孔隙,对由粘粒及矿物层间形成的毛管孔隙分布无显著影响;随着接种密度的增加,颗粒间孔隙度变化不显著而团聚体间孔隙度的相对值和绝对值均显著增加。添加蚯蚓能显著增加土壤活性有机库总量。接种密度的增加对活性有机碳库总量影响不大,但对土壤呼吸速率提升较多,故从温室气体排放角度考虑低接种密度更合适。可见,有机茶园中少量接种蚯蚓即能达到改良土壤结构的效果,并能缓解由于采茶造成的土壤压实问题。

基于Meta分析的2000—2022年中国茶园土壤重金属污染风险评价与来源分析

重金属污染是影响茶园生态环境和茶叶产品安全的重要因素之一。针对我国主要茶产区(湖北、湖南、福建、云南、贵州、四川等省份),搜集调查茶园土壤重金属Cu、Pb、As、Hg、Cd、Cr、Zn、Ni污染的相关文献,使用Meta分析方法计算单个研究的权重,从而获得各省份及全国茶园土壤重金属浓度的加权平均值,采用潜在生态风险指数法和地质积累指数法进行生态风险评估,并通过APCS-MLR模型进行来源分析。结果表明,与背景值相比,8种重金属均有一定程度的富集,其中Hg、Cd污染较为严重,Hg中度及以上风险主要分布在贵州、陕西、四川和安徽等内陆省份,Cd中度及以上风险主要分布于广东、福建、浙江、江苏、山东、海南等沿海省份,两种重金属主要表现为轻微至中度风险。与世界其他国家相比,发展中国家的茶园或农业用地重金属含量普遍较高,Cd、Hg是污染程度较为严重的元素。来源分析结果表明,第一、第二、第三、第四主成分分别为自然源、工业活动污染源、交通废气污染源、农业活动污染源,工农业活动是主要污染因素,Hg主要来自工业活动,Cd主要来自农业活动。

不同植物覆盖下蕉园土壤化学性质和酶活性的变化特征

【目的】通过对植物覆盖下蕉园土壤化学性质及酶活性进行研究,明确植物覆盖对蕉园土壤质量影响的变化特征,以期为用地养地结合的蕉园种植模式提供数据支持。【方法】以无覆盖物的传统裸露种植方式为对照,以人工种植大翼豆[Macroptilium atropurpureum(DC.)Urb]和自然生杂草为覆盖处理,通过连续3年田间小区定位试验,分析植物覆盖下蕉园土壤化学性质及酶活性的变化特征。【结果】植物覆盖显著改善了蕉园土壤化学性质及酶活性(P<0.05),与对照相比,大翼豆覆盖处理的土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、碱解氮、有效磷分别提升51.92%、38.00%、41.86%、20.85%、29.70%;大翼豆覆盖处理的土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶及磷酸酶活性分别提高34.19%、50.28%、33.41%、101.54%。植物覆盖措施在1年内有效改善了蕉园土壤有机质、碱解氮及有效磷含量,而对土壤全氮及全磷含量的影响则需要覆盖处理2年以上才能达到显著水平;主成分分析结果表明,大翼豆覆盖处理对土壤酶活性影响较自然生杂草处理显著。【结论】与传统裸露种植方式相比,两种覆盖模式均显著提高了土壤化学性质和酶活性,且豆科植物覆盖效果明显优于自然生杂草,宽窄行种植配合豆科植物覆盖处理,能有效改善土壤质量,可作为云南干热河谷区域香蕉产业健康发展的技术模式。

有机种植对茶园土壤微生物群落组成与多样性的影响

为揭示有机种植对土壤微生物群落组成和多样性的影响,以云南省勐腊县3座代表性古茶山(蛮砖、易武、攸乐)的古茶园、现代茶园、橡胶园、荒地4种类型土壤为研究对象,采用Illumina MiSeq PE300高通量测序技术测定其细菌和真菌群落结构,分析有机种植及种植年限对土壤理化性质、微生物群落结构特征与多样性的影响。结果表明,有机种植可促进土壤有机质积累和氮磷钾养分含量提高。3座茶山土壤细菌共有运算分类单元(Operational taxonomic unit,OTU)数目为381个,其中,易武荒地特有OTU最多(293个),蛮砖橡胶园特有OTU最少(28个);而真菌共有OTU数目仅为24个,蛮砖古茶园特有OTU最多(337个),易武现代茶园特有OTU最少(55个)。细菌的Shannon多样性指数达5.88~6.62,明显高于真菌的2.71~4.30。茶园土壤优势细菌和真菌门与非茶园土壤基本相似,但酸微菌目(Acidimicrobiales)、慢生根瘤菌属(Bradyrhizobium)、Varibacter属、黄色杆菌科(Xanthobacteraceae)、硝化螺菌属(Nitrospira)、Bryobacter属、Acidibacter属、浮霉菌科(Planctomycetaceae)等在不同茶山和土地利用方式间的相对丰度差异显著;与荒地和橡胶园相比,茶园土壤真菌群落的毛壳菌科(Chaetomiaceae)、青霉菌属(Penicillium)、镰刀菌属(Fusarium)、木霉属(Trichoderma)、被孢霉属(Mortierella)、伞菌目(Agaricales)和散囊菌纲(Eurotiomycetes)等的相对丰度较高。细菌群落丰度指数Chao1与土壤全氮和全磷呈显著正相关,3座茶山的细菌群落组成较真菌群落更为稳定。除个别茶园土壤外,有机种植下土壤细菌丰度随年限增加而上升,真菌丰度随年限增加先降低后升高,现代茶园和古茶园细菌与真菌的多样性水平则随种植年限增加而下降。

福建典型茶园土壤真菌群落特征对不同活性有机碳组分的影响

选择福鼎市白琳镇、磻溪镇、管阳镇、太姥山镇和点头镇5个乡镇典型茶园土壤作为研究对象,分析茶园土壤中真菌群落特征及其对不同活性有机碳组分的影响。结果表明:①茶园土壤中易氧化态有机碳(EOC)、微生物生物量碳(MBC)、可溶性有机碳(DOC)含量均值分别为6.11 mg/g、200.85 mg/kg和68.27 mg/kg,EOC/SOC、MBC/SOC、DOC/SOC占比均值分别为34.05%、1.14%、0.42%;②茶园土壤真菌群落OTU数为点头镇>白琳镇>管阳镇>太姥山镇>磻溪镇,其中优势菌门为子囊菌门(Ascomycota)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota),优势菌属为原隐球菌属(Saitozyma)、被孢霉属(Mortierella)和Pleuroascus,不同茶园土壤中的真菌群落组成结构相似,但真菌多样性指数差异显著(P<0.05);③真菌群落多样性特征方面,EOC、DOC含量与真菌群落多样性存在显著相关性(P<0.05);在真菌群落组成结构方面,Pleuroascus、Cpronia、Chloridum、Cladophialophora相对丰度与DOC、MBC含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),Moritierella、Westerdykella相对丰度与DOC、MBC含量呈显著负相关(P<0.05);在真菌群落功能预测方面,腐生营养型真菌对土壤不同活性有机碳组分的积累影响显著。

树种对土壤物理性质的影响——7种亚热带树种同质园试验

【目的】通过了解树种差异对土壤物理性质的影响,为亚热带人工林树种优化及土壤改良提供理论依据。【方法】试验以亚热带同质园7个阔叶树种,即大叶樟(Cinnamomum septentrionale)、桤木(Alnus cremastogyne)、油樟(Cinnamomum longepaniculatum)、天竺桂(Cinnamomum japonicum)、香樟(Cinnamomum camphora)、红椿(Toona ciliate)和香椿(Toona sinensis)为研究对象,在立地5 a后(2015-2020年)测定不同树种人工林和邻近撂荒地各土层(0~10、10~20和20~30 cm)土壤容重、总孔隙度、坚实度和抗剪强度的变化规律。【结果】①相较于撂荒地,树种显著影响0~30 cm土壤容重、0~10 cm和20~30 cm土壤坚实度和总孔隙度、20~30 cm土壤抗剪强度;②油樟、大叶樟、天竺桂和香樟4种樟属植物表层土壤容重整体高于其他树种,但土壤总孔隙度则相反;③土壤容重、土壤坚实度和土壤抗剪强度总体随土壤深度的增加而增大,变化范围分别为1.22~1.54 g/cm^(3)、143.9~335 N/cm^(3)和0.49~2.25 kg/cm^(2),土壤总孔隙度则呈现相反的变化趋势,变化范围为47.26%~52.55%;④土层深度显著影响土壤容重、总孔隙度、坚实度和抗剪强度,树种和土壤层次的交互作用显著影响土壤总孔隙度。【结论】树种可能通过改变凋落物输入和根系活动影响土壤理化性质,种植樟属植物可改善土壤物理特性。

近十年来国内外社区花园土壤问题现状与治理方法研究进展

社区花园作为新兴起的一种城市绿地形式,以其自发性强、参与性高等特点成为城市居民营建可食景观的首选方式。但近年来的研究发现,社区花园土壤存在来源复杂、性质不稳定等城市棕地的特点,其土壤质量可能影响可食植物的安全性。因此,针对近10年来国内外社区花园土壤及其治理方式进行梳理,基于Web of Science(WOS)和中国知网(CNKI)数据库,利用CiteSpace分析其热点主题、发文量和发展趋势等,从问题表征、研究对象与方法、理论与技术层面分析其研究现状与进展。在此基础上,对社区花园土壤存在的问题与治理方法进行总结。研究表明:社区花园用地属性不明,土壤现状复杂多变,存在以重金属、多环芳烃等为主的土壤污染,可能会对人体健康产生危害;土壤养分低,有干旱和碱化趋势;现阶段社区花园土壤治理方法以植物修复为主,多种技术联合为辅。研究结果可为社区花园的建设、管理和维护提供借鉴与参考。

基质土壤蒸汽消毒传热试验与分析

土壤消毒是设施种植中直接影响产量和品质的关键环节,而蒸汽消毒是最环保可靠的消毒方式,研究蒸汽在设施基质土壤中的传热效果。在试验过程中通过搭建基质土壤传热性能测试平台,研究出汽孔深度、蒸汽通入时间、蒸汽压力、土壤含水率各因素对蒸汽在土壤内传热效果的影响,并探究蒸汽从发生装置产生至1 h之间土壤温度随时间的变化规律。研究结果表明:当针头出汽孔深度为160 mm,蒸汽压力为0.4 MPa、通入蒸汽时间为8 min时土壤传热效果最佳,并且土壤含水率越高,其传热效果越好。在最佳因素条件下,通入蒸汽时间为8 min时土壤温度便可以迅速增长到最大值,且30 min后基本能维持在60℃以上同时满足杀毒要求。确定出汽孔深度、蒸汽通入时间、蒸汽压力、土壤含水率最佳参数后,结合实际消毒要求设计出一种与可移动式土壤蒸汽消毒机配套的罩盖式多针头蒸汽盘。

有机和常规管理对茶园土壤固碳的影响——以林地为对照

为探究有机和常规管理方式对茶园土壤有机碳的影响,选择云南省普洱市思茅区常规管理茶园、有机管理茶园和附近自然林地3种典型土地利用类型,通过测定0~20 cm和20~40 cm土层的土壤有机碳(SOC)、易氧化有机碳(EOC)、非活性有机碳(NLOC)、颗粒态有机碳(POC)和矿物结合态有机碳(MOC)含量,计算土壤各组分有机碳的分配比例以及土壤碳库管理指数(CPMI),研究3种土地利用方式下土壤有机碳各组分含量和质量的变化特征。结果显示:1)常规管理茶园的SOC含量和储量分别比自然林地低48.67%~51.94%和27.25%~35.71%(P<0.05),而有机管理茶园的SOC含量和储量比常规管理茶园分别高52.09%~62.86%、15.54%~20.26%(P<0.05)。2)常规管理茶园的EOC、NLOC、POC和MOC含量均低于自然林地(P<0.05),而有机管理茶园的EOC、NLOC、POC和MOC含量比常规管理茶园分别高出46.39%~57.89%、54.24%~66.15%、80.87%~121.01%和40.07%~46.28%(P<0.05)。3)与自然林地相比,常规管理茶园的POC/SOC、NLOC/SOC较低,有机管理茶园的POC/SOC、NLOC/SOC则高于常规管理茶园。4)常规管理茶园具有较高的CPAI和较低的CPMI,常规管理茶园的CPMI比自然林地低24.53%~46.12%,有机管理茶园的CPMI比常规管理茶园高67.88%~100.33%,其差异均显著(P<0.05)。以上研究结果表明,与自然林地相比,常规管理的茶园土壤有机碳含量和土壤碳库质量下降,存在一定程度的土地退化,而有机管理是提高茶园土壤碳库质量的有效措施。

林芝市茶园土壤肥力综合评价

为全面了解林芝市茶园土壤的肥力水平,本研究在波密县、察隅县、墨脱县、易贡茶场、察隅农场和鲁朗景区管理委员会6个茶叶主产区,从茶园及其附近农田、荒地取土91份,选取土壤有机质、pH值、全氮、有效磷、速效钾、缓效钾、有效铜、有效锌、有效铁、有效锰、有效硼、有效钼、有效硫、有效硅和水溶性盐总量15个评价指标,以农田土壤为对照,综合评价林芝市茶园土壤肥力。结果表明:茶园土壤有机质高于附近农田土壤,茶园土壤pH值低于附近农田土壤,茶园全氮、有效磷、速效钾等土壤养分与附近农田土壤整体差异不大。茶园科学合理管理可在一定程度上提高土壤的保肥能力和缓冲性能,但长期种植茶叶会造成土壤酸化,降低土壤某些养分的有效性。