A non-precious metal catalyst MnHMTA/C to oxygen reduction reaction was prepared by py- rolyzing a precursor from manganese chloride, hexamethylenetetramine and acetylene black in nitrogen gas atmosphere. The effect o...A non-precious metal catalyst MnHMTA/C to oxygen reduction reaction was prepared by py- rolyzing a precursor from manganese chloride, hexamethylenetetramine and acetylene black in nitrogen gas atmosphere. The effect of heat treatment temperature and flowing of nitrogen gas were investigated. A catalyst with the highest activity can be obtained at 700 ℃. Mn（Ⅱ） ion was changed to MnO in heat treatment, which improved the catalytic activity of the catalyst. Hexamethylenetetramine takes part in the formation of active site of the catalyst as its decomposed gases. The flowing of protective gas takes the decomposed gases out of the tube furnace and brings negative effect on the catalytic activity of the MnHMTA/C catalyst.展开更多
A gas–solid coupling model involving coal seam deformation,gas diffusion and seepage,gas adsorption and desorption was built to study the gas transport rule under the effect of protective coal seam mining.The researc...A gas–solid coupling model involving coal seam deformation,gas diffusion and seepage,gas adsorption and desorption was built to study the gas transport rule under the effect of protective coal seam mining.The research results indicate:(1) The depressurization effect changes the stress state of an overlying coal seam and causes its permeability to increase,thus gas in the protected coal seam will be desorbed and transported under the effect of a gas pressure gradient,which will cause a decrease in gas pressure.(2) Gas pressure can be further decreased by setting out gas extraction boreholes in the overlying coal seam,which can effectively reduce the coal and gas outburst risk.The research is of important engineering significance for studying the gas transport rule in protected coal seam and providing important reference for controlling coal and gas outbursts in deep mining in China.展开更多
This study shows the preparation of a TiO2 coated Pt/C（TiO2/Pt/C） by atomic layer deposition（ALD）,and the examination of the possibility for TiO2/Pt/C to be used as a durable cathode catalyst in polymer electrolyt...This study shows the preparation of a TiO2 coated Pt/C（TiO2/Pt/C） by atomic layer deposition（ALD）,and the examination of the possibility for TiO2/Pt/C to be used as a durable cathode catalyst in polymer electrolyte fuel cells（PEFCs）. Cyclic voltammetry results revealed that TiO2/Pt/C catalyst which has 2 nm protective layer showed similar activity for the oxygen reduction reaction compared to Pt/C catalysts and they also had good durability. TiO2/Pt/C prepared by 10 ALD cycles degraded 70% after 2000 Accelerated degradation test, while Pt/C corroded 92% in the same conditions. TiO2 ultrathin layer by ALD is able to achieve a good balance between the durability and activity, leading to TiO2/Pt/C as a promising cathode catalyst for PEFCs. The mechanism of the TiO2 protective layer used to prevent the degradation of Pt/C is discussed.展开更多
Surface films that formed on molten AZ91D magnesium alloy in S02/air cover gases at 680 ℃ in a sealed furnace were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and ...Surface films that formed on molten AZ91D magnesium alloy in S02/air cover gases at 680 ℃ in a sealed furnace were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and Auger electron spectroscopy. It is revealed that the film formed on molten AZ91D alloy surface in cover gas with high air content can prevent the molten AZ91D alloy from oxidation and ignition. The surface film contained three elements, namely magnesium, oxygen and sulfur, and was mainly composed of MgO and MgS. The properties of the film depended on air content in the cover gas and holding time. Thermodynamic calculation showed that MgSO4 was the stable phase, and it was concluded that the formation of MgS04 was important for the formation of the protective surface film in S02/air atmospheres.展开更多
文摘A non-precious metal catalyst MnHMTA/C to oxygen reduction reaction was prepared by py- rolyzing a precursor from manganese chloride, hexamethylenetetramine and acetylene black in nitrogen gas atmosphere. The effect of heat treatment temperature and flowing of nitrogen gas were investigated. A catalyst with the highest activity can be obtained at 700 ℃. Mn（Ⅱ） ion was changed to MnO in heat treatment, which improved the catalytic activity of the catalyst. Hexamethylenetetramine takes part in the formation of active site of the catalyst as its decomposed gases. The flowing of protective gas takes the decomposed gases out of the tube furnace and brings negative effect on the catalytic activity of the MnHMTA/C catalyst.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51304072,51574112 and 51404100)the Excellent Youth Foundation of Henan Scientific Committee (No.164100510013)+2 种基金the Key Scientific Research Project of Colleges and Universities of Henan Province (No.15A440010)the Chinese Ministry of Education Science and Technology Research Project (No.213022A)the Doctoral Foundation of Henan Polytechnic University (No.B2013-007)
文摘A gas–solid coupling model involving coal seam deformation,gas diffusion and seepage,gas adsorption and desorption was built to study the gas transport rule under the effect of protective coal seam mining.The research results indicate:(1) The depressurization effect changes the stress state of an overlying coal seam and causes its permeability to increase,thus gas in the protected coal seam will be desorbed and transported under the effect of a gas pressure gradient,which will cause a decrease in gas pressure.(2) Gas pressure can be further decreased by setting out gas extraction boreholes in the overlying coal seam,which can effectively reduce the coal and gas outburst risk.The research is of important engineering significance for studying the gas transport rule in protected coal seam and providing important reference for controlling coal and gas outbursts in deep mining in China.
基金supported by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy (MKE, Korea) under the Global Collaborative R&D program supervised by the KIAT (N0000698)
文摘This study shows the preparation of a TiO2 coated Pt/C（TiO2/Pt/C） by atomic layer deposition（ALD）,and the examination of the possibility for TiO2/Pt/C to be used as a durable cathode catalyst in polymer electrolyte fuel cells（PEFCs）. Cyclic voltammetry results revealed that TiO2/Pt/C catalyst which has 2 nm protective layer showed similar activity for the oxygen reduction reaction compared to Pt/C catalysts and they also had good durability. TiO2/Pt/C prepared by 10 ALD cycles degraded 70% after 2000 Accelerated degradation test, while Pt/C corroded 92% in the same conditions. TiO2 ultrathin layer by ALD is able to achieve a good balance between the durability and activity, leading to TiO2/Pt/C as a promising cathode catalyst for PEFCs. The mechanism of the TiO2 protective layer used to prevent the degradation of Pt/C is discussed.
基金supported by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education under Grant No.20090002110029the High Technology Research and Development Program of China under Grant No.2009AA03Z114the MOST(Ministry of Science and Technology)of China under Grant No.2010DFA72760
文摘Surface films that formed on molten AZ91D magnesium alloy in S02/air cover gases at 680 ℃ in a sealed furnace were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and Auger electron spectroscopy. It is revealed that the film formed on molten AZ91D alloy surface in cover gas with high air content can prevent the molten AZ91D alloy from oxidation and ignition. The surface film contained three elements, namely magnesium, oxygen and sulfur, and was mainly composed of MgO and MgS. The properties of the film depended on air content in the cover gas and holding time. Thermodynamic calculation showed that MgSO4 was the stable phase, and it was concluded that the formation of MgS04 was important for the formation of the protective surface film in S02/air atmospheres.
