Acute effects of Helicobacter pylori extracts on gastric mucosal blood flow in the mouse

AIM: To investigate the mechanisms underlying the reduction in gastric blood flow induced by a luminal water extract of Helicobacter pylori (HPE). METHODS: The stomachs of isourane-anesthetized mice were exteriorized, and the mucosal surface exposed. Blood flow was measured with the laser-Doppler technique, and systemic arterial blood pressure monitored. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to water extract produced from H pylori strain 88-23. To investigate the role of a nerveor iNOS-mediated pathway, we used intraluminal lidocaine and iNOS-/-mice. Blood flow response to the endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA) was also assessed. RESULTS: In wild-type mice, HPE decreased mucosal blood flow by approximately 30%. This reduction was abolished in iNOS-defi cient mice, and by pre-treatment with lidocaine. Luminally applied ADMA resulted in reduction in blood flow similar to that observed in wild-type mice exposed to HPE. CONCLUSION: A H pylori water extract reduces gastric mucosal blood flow acutely through iNOS- and nerve-mediated pathways.

Gastric Mucosal Blood Flow and Acid Secretion in Rats

The relationship between gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF) and gastric acid secretionwere studied in rats by using secretory stimulant (pentagastrin)and inhibitor(cimetidine). GMBFwas measured by Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and gastric mucosal pH determined by microglasspH electrode. GMBF increased and gastric mucosal pH decreased significantly after intravenous injec-tion of 6μg/kg of pentagastrin; nevertheless GMBF decreased and gastric mucosal pH increasedmarkedly after intravenous administration of 100mg/kg of cimetidine. This indicates that pentagastrincan increase GMBF and gastric acid secretion, and cimetidine can decrease GMBF and gastric acidsecretion in rats, proving the close relationship between GMBF and gastric acid secretion in rats.

Changes of Gastric Mucosal Blood Flow in the Healing Process of Peptic Ulcers

Changes of gastro-duodenal mucosal blood flow (GDMBF) in the healingprocess of 82 patients with gastric ulcer,130 with duodenal ulcer and 9 with active ul-cer induced by gastric polypectomy were studied by endoscopic laser Doppler flowme-try.In 108 normal subjects,the mucosal blood flow at the angle and antrum of the les-ser curvature and on the anterior wall of the duodenal bulb was the smallest (P【0.01).In patients with gastric ulcer,gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF)significantly decrea-Sed at the active stage and increased at the healing stage (P【0.01 ).GDMBF significan-tly increased (P【0.01) at the active stage and returned to normal at the healing stage ofduodenal ulcer.GDMBF was unchanged in the healing process of the active ulcer inducedby gastric polypectomy.The mucosal blood flow at ulcer centre and margins significan-tly decreased at the active stage and markedly increased at the healing stage as compa-red with that of surrounding mucosa.We conclude that GMBF plays an importantrole in the developing and healing process of peptic ulcers.

EFFECT OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE OF "ZUSANLI" ON VIP CONTENTS OF THE PERIPHERAL BLOOD, GASTRIC MUCOSAL AND BRAIN TISSUES IN GASTRIC MUCOSAL INJURY RATS

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture (EA) of "Zusanli"(ST 36) on vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) levels in the peripheral blood, gastric mucosal and brain tissues in experimental gastric injury rats. Methods: Gastric mucosal injury model was established by using cold restraining stress method. 40 Wistar rats were randomly and evenly divided into normal control group, model group, EA group and non acupoint group. VIP contents of plasma and gastric mucosal and medulla oblongata tissues were assayed using radioimmunoassay and gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF) was measured by employing hydrogen clearing method. Results: In cold restraining stress rats, spot and strip like bleeding necrosis foci in the gastric mucous primarily in the gastric antrum could be seen clearly, GMBF and VIP contents in plasma, gastric mucous and brain tissues declined significantly (P<0.05, 0.01), while the gastric mucosal lesion index (LI) raised significantly (P<0.05) in comparison with those of normal control group. Following EA of "Zusanli" (ST 36), GMBF decreased pronouncedly, VIP contents of the plasma, bulba and gastric mucosal tissues increased strikingly in comparison with model group (P<0.01). Conclusion: EA of "Zusanli" (ST 36) possesses a protection effect on gastric mucous under stress condition and VIP is involved in the effect of EA.

Oxidative stress induces gastric submucosal arteriolar dysfunction in the elderly

AIM:To evaluate human gastric submucosal vascular dysfunction and its mechanism during the aging process.METHODS:Twenty male patients undergoing subtotal gastrectomy were enrolled in this study.Young and elderly patient groups aged 25-40 years and 60-85 years,respectively,were included.Inclusion criteria were:no clinical evidence of cardiovascular,renal or diabetic diseases.Conventional clinical examinations were carried out.After surgery,gastric submucosal arteries were immediately dissected free of fat and connective tissue.Vascular responses to acetylcholine(ACh)and sodium nitroprusside(SNP)were measured by isolated vascular perfusion.Morphological changes in the gastric mucosal vessels were observed by hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining and Verhoeff van Gieson(EVG)staining.The expression of xanthine oxidase(XO)and manganese-superoxide dismutase(Mn-SOD)was assessed by Western blotting analysis.The malondialdehyde(MDA)and hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)content and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)were determined according to commercial kits.RESULTS:The overall structure of vessel walls was shown by HE and EVG staining,respectively.Disruption of the internal elastic lamina or neointimal layers was not observed in vessels from young or elderly patients;however,cell layer number in the vessel wall increased significantly in the elderly group.Compared with submucosal arteries in young patients,the amount of vascular collagen fibers,lumen diameter and media cross-sectional area were significantly increased in elderly patients.Ach-and SNP-induced vasodilatation in elderly arterioles was significantly decreased compared with that of gastric submucosal arterioles from young patients.Compared with the young group,the expression of XO and the contents of MDA and H2O2in gastric submucosal arterioles were increased in the elderly group.In addition,the expression of Mn-SOD and the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in the elderly group decreased significantly compared with those in the young group.CONCLUSION:Gastric vascular dysfunction and senescence may be associated with increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidative defense in the aging process.

Protective effect of electroacupuncture and moxibustion on gastric mucosal damage and its relation with nitric oxide in rats

INTRODUCTION Gastric mucosal injury is one of the common disorders,there are many reports subjicted to its pathogenesis treatment and prevention.We investigated the protective effect

Association of high expression in rat gastric mucosal heat shock protein 70 induced by moxibustion pretreatment with protection against stress injury

AIM:To study the effect of moxibustion on Zusanli or Liangmeng point on gastric mucosa injury in stress-induced ulcer rats and its correlation with the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). METHODS:Sixty healthy SD rats (30 males,30 females) were divided into control group,injury model group,Zushanli point group,Liangmeng point group. Stress gastric ulcer model was induced by binding cold stress method. Gastric mucosa ulcer injury (UI) index was calculated by Guth method. Gastric mucosa blood flow (GMBF) was recorded with a biological signal analyzer. Protein content and gene expression in gastric mucosal HSP70 were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Thiobarbital method was used to determine malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Gastric mucosal endothelin (ET) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were analyzed by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:High gastric mucosal UI index,high HSP70 expression,low GMBF and PGF2,elevated MDA and ET were observed in gastric mucosa of rats subjected to cold stress. Moxibustion on Zusanli or Liangmeng point decreased rat gastric mucosal UI index,MDA and ET. Conversely,the expression of HSP70,GMBF,and PGE2 was elevated in gastric mucosa after pretreatment with moxibustion on Zusanli or Liangmeng point. The observed parameters were significantly different between Zusanli and Liangmeng points. CONCLUSION:Pretreatment with moxibustion on Zusanli or Liangmeng point protects gastric mucosa against stress injury. This protection is associated with the higher expression of HSP70 mRNA and protein,leading to release of PGE2 and inhibition of MDA and ET,impairment of gastric mucosal index.

Grapefruit-seed extract attenuates ethanol-and stress-induced gastric lesions via activation of prostaglandin, nitric oxide and sensory nerve pathways

AIM: Grapefruit-seed extract (GSE) containing flavonoids, possesses antibacterial and antioxidative properties but whether it influences the gastric defense mechanism and gastroprotection against ethanol- and stress-induced gastric lesions remains unknown. METHODS: We compared the effects of GSE on gastric mucosal lesions induced in rats by topical application of 100% ethanol or 3.5 h of water immersion and restraint stress (WRS) with or without (A) inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 activity by indomethacin and rofecoxib, the selective COX-2 inhibitor, (B) suppression of NO-synthase with L-NNA (20 mg/kg ip), and (C) inactivation by capsaicin (125 mg/kg sc) of sensory nerves with or without intragastric (ig) pretreatment with GSE applied 30 min prior to ethanol or WRS. One hour after ethanol and 3.5 h after the end of WRS, the number and area of gastric lesions were measured by planimetry, the gastric blood flow (GBF) was assessed by H2-gas clearance technique and plasma gastrin levels and the gastric mucosal generation of PGE2, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malonyldialdehyde (MDA) concentration, as an index of lipid peroxidation were determined. RESULTS: Ethanol and WRS caused gastric lesions accompanied by the significant fall in the GBF and SOD activity and the rise in the mucosal MDA content. Pretreatment with GSE (8-64 mg/kg i g) dose-dependently attenuated gastric lesions induced by 100% ethanol and WRS; the dose reducing these lesions by 50% (ID50) was 25 and 36 mg/kg, respectively, and this protective effect was similar to that obtained with methyl PGE2 analog (5 μg/kg i g). GSE significantly raised the GBF, mucosal generation of PGE2, SOD activity and plasma gastrin levels while attenuating MDA content. Inhibition of PGE2 generation with indomethacin or rofecoxib and suppression of NO synthase by L-NNA or capsaicin denervation reversed the GSE-induced protection and the accompanying hyperemia. Co-treatment of exogenous calcitonine gene-related peptide (CGRP) with GSE restored the protection and accompanying hyperemic effects of GSE in rats with capsaicin denervation. CONCLUSION: GSE exerts a potent gastroprotective activity against ethanol and WRS-induced gastric lesions via an increase in endogenous PG generation, suppression of lipid peroxidation and hyperemia possibly mediated by NO and CGRP released from sensory nerves.

EXPRESSION AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF CD44 IN THEPERIPHERAL BLOOD OF PATIENTS WITH CASTRIC CANCER

Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of cell adhesive molecule (CD44) expression on periphery blood (PB) of patients with gastric cancer. Methods: Both the level of CD44 and the immunocyte phenotype of the lymphocytes of 110 patients with gastric cancer and 100 healthy subjects were examined by flow cytometry, and the results were analyzed pathologically and statistically. Results: The mean of the CD44% in PB of the healthy subjects was 46.14±3.4 and there were no statistic differences for their age and sex. Site of tumor growth: The significant difference (P<0.01) was present between the patients with the cardiac part (C) or body of gastric (M+C) cancer and normal individuals. The significant difference (P<0.05) was present between patients with the 3 sites involved gastric cancer and normal individuals. Type of tumor mass: The significant difference (P<0.05) was present between patients with mixed type gastric cancer and normal individuals. Size of tumor mass: The significant difference was present between the normal individuals and patients with gastric cancer > 10 cm mass (P<0.01) and 7–10 cm mass (P<0.05). Degree of tumor differentiation: The significant difference (P<0.01) was present between the patients with low differentiation gastric cancer and normal individuals. The significant difference (P<0.01) was present between patients with metastatic stage: The significant difference (P<0.01) was present lymph node gastric cancer and normal individuals. Clinical between the patients with advanced or relapsed gastric cancer and normal individuals. Age: The significant difference (P<0.01) was present between the gastric cancer patients under 59 years and normal individuals. Conclusion: The increased level of CD44 in the PB of patients with gastric cancer indicated the possible existence of relapse, advance or metastasis of tumors. When the tumor was poorly differentiated and bigger in tumor mass, the level of CD44% would be higher. Examining the level of CD44 by flow cytometry in the periphery blood of patients with gastric cancer was useful for the prognosis.

Effects of San Qi on Gastric Secretion and Protective Factors of Gastric Mucosa in the Rat with Precancerous Lesion of Stomach

In the model rat with precancerous lesion of stomach induced by the combined method of insertion of a spring into the pylorus and high salt hot paste, effects of San Qi (三七 Radix Notoginseng) on gastric secretion and protective factors of stomach were investigated.

胃复春胶囊联合西药治疗脾虚型慢性萎缩性胃炎临床研究

目的:观察胃复春胶囊联合西药治疗脾虚型慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG)的临床疗效。方法:选取92例脾虚型CAG患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组各46例。对照组采用常规西药治疗,试验组在对照组基础上加用胃复春胶囊,均治疗12周。比较2组治疗前后中医证候积分、胃镜病理积分,胃液中游离酸、乳酸、总酸度及pH值,胃黏膜血流量情况。结果:治疗前,2组中医证候积分、胃镜病理积分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,试验组中医证候积分、胃镜病理积分均降低(P<0.05),且试验组低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前,2组胃液中游离酸、乳酸、总酸比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,2组游离酸、总酸含量均升高(P<0.05),乳酸含量均降低(P<0.05),且试验组胃液中总酸、游离酸含量高于对照组(P<0.05),乳酸含量低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前,2组胃液pH值分布比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,2组pH值分布比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,2组胃窦前壁、胃窦后壁、胃窦大弯、胃窦小弯胃黏膜血流量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,2组上述胃黏膜血流量均增加(P<0.05),且试验组多于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:胃复春胶囊联合西药治疗脾虚型CAG,可改善患者临床症状和病理状态,调节胃液中游离酸、乳酸、总酸度含量及pH值,改善胃黏膜血流量,临床疗效优于单用西药治疗。

瑞巴匹特对胃粘膜保护作用的实验研究

目的：观察瑞巴匹特对空腹大鼠胃粘膜血流量（ＧＭＢＦ）、胃碱分泌的影响及对盐酸乙醇损伤胃粘膜的保护作用。方法：实验分３部分，每部分均包括５组，即对照组、替普瑞酮组及瑞巴匹特３０，１００，３００ｍｇ／ｋｇ组。前两部分分别观察用药后ＧＭＢＦ及胃灌流液ｐＨ值变化，第３部分观察各组动物用药后经０．１５ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＣｌ－４０％乙醇灌胃处理所致的胃粘膜溃疡面积。结果：１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ，３００ｍｇ／ｋｇ瑞巴匹特组ＧＭＢＦ平均升高（１４．５５±４．２９）×１０－２，（２１．１４±６．１９）×１０－２ｍｌｍｉｎ－１ｇ－１；胃灌流液ｐＨ值平均升高０．２５±０．１３及０．４１±０．１５；平均溃疡面积为（１９．６０±４．０９），（５．００±２．７５）ｍｍ２。上述数据与对照组比较，统计学差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：瑞巴匹特可增加ＧＭＢＦ。

树舌多糖对胃黏膜损伤大鼠胃黏膜PGE_2含量及血流量和黏液分泌的影响

目的:研究树舌多糖对大鼠胃黏膜损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法:采用醋酸法和幽门结扎法复制大鼠胃溃疡模型,分别测定胃黏膜PGE2含量和胃黏膜血流量及胃黏液分泌。结果:与模型对照组比较,多次灌服树舌多糖250～1000mg·kg-1可明显增加大鼠胃黏膜PGE2含量和胃黏膜血流量,对大鼠胃内游离黏液和胃壁黏液的分泌也具有显著的增加作用,且有明显量效关系。结论:树舌多糖通过提高胃黏膜PGE2含量和胃黏膜血流量及胃黏液分泌来加强胃黏膜屏障,这是其保护胃粘膜损伤的作用机制之一。

大鼠重度脑外伤后胃粘膜血流、胃泌酸的动态变化

目的：探讨大鼠重度脑外伤后胃粘膜血流（ＧＭＢＦ）、胃泌酸动态变化及与急性胃粘膜损伤的相关性。方法：将４９只雄性ＳＤ大鼠随机分为７组，即对照组、液压打击重度颅脑伤后３０ｍｉｎ，１，２，４，８及１６ｈ组。观察各组动物的ＧＭＢＦ、胃液ｐＨ值及粘膜损伤面积。结果：与对照组相比，伤后３０ｍｉｎＧＭＢＦ明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０１），１ｈ后明显持续降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）；伤后３０ｍｉｎ后胃液ｐＨ持续降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），直至伤后１６ｈ开始明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；致伤３０ｍｉｎ后随时间延长，胃粘膜损伤面积逐渐增加，与ＧＭＢＦ及ｐＨ值呈明显负相关。结论：大鼠重度脑外伤所致胃粘膜血流降低、胃酸分泌亢进与胃粘膜损伤程度有明显相关性。

艾灸足三里、梁门穴对应激性溃疡大鼠胃黏膜细胞凋亡的干预作用

目的:探讨艾灸足三里、梁门穴对应激性溃疡胃黏膜细胞凋亡的影响,分析其与血浆多巴胺(DA)、胃黏膜内皮素(ET)的关系,揭示艾灸足三里、梁门穴对抗应激性损伤,进而保护胃黏膜的机制.方法:SD大鼠60只随机分为4组,即束缚对照组、模型组、艾灸足三里和梁门穴组、艾灸非穴点对照组,每组15只.束缚水浸应激法造模,免疫组化方法测定细胞凋亡指数(×10-6个/μm2).采用生物信号分析仪检测胃黏膜血流量(GMBF),高效液相色谱法测定血浆DA含量,放射免疫法测定胃黏膜ET含量.结果:预先艾灸足三里、梁门穴可显著降低随后的应激性胃黏膜损伤指数,降低胃黏膜ET和血浆DA含量,增加胃黏膜血流量,降低胃黏膜细胞凋亡指数.造模后,B组UI值(26.80±9.81vs12.00±5.94,P<0.01)、血浆DA(9.97±3.69μg/Lvs4.54±2.61μg/L,P<0.01)、胃黏膜ET(361.469±98.080ng/Lvs149.205±94.1425ng/L,P<0.01)以及凋亡指数(9.65±4.19vs4.36±2.60,P<0.01)显著高于A组,而GMBF低于A组(139.489±33.133mL/minvs377.090±85.840mL/min,P<0.01);C组UI值、凋亡指数显著低于B组和D组(UI:14.10±5.42vs26.80±9.81,26.20±7.23,P<0.01;凋亡指数:3.00±1.58vs9.65±4.19,8.20±5.17,P<0.01),而GMBF高于B组和D组(316.552±85.469mL/minvs139.489±33.133,141.512±58.450mL/min,P<0.01);C组血浆DA含量及胃黏膜ET显著低于B组(DA:4.41±2.48μg/Lvs9.97±3.69μg/L,P<0.01;148.271±69.113ng/Lvs361.469±98.080ng/L,P<0.01),但与D组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05).结论:艾灸足三里、梁门穴预处理可减轻束缚水浸应激所造成大鼠胃黏膜的损伤程度,这一作用可能是通过降低血浆DA和胃黏膜ET含量,增加胃黏膜血流量,抑制细胞凋亡实现的.

葛根素对大鼠应激性胃黏膜损伤的保护作用

目的:研究葛根素对大鼠应激性胃黏膜损伤的保护作用。方法:采用浸水束缚应激法建立大鼠应激性胃溃疡模型。气囊法记录胃运动,激光多普勒血流计测定胃黏膜血流量,比色法测定胃黏膜组织一氧化氮(NO)和内皮素(ET)含量,并观察胃黏膜组织病理学变化。结果:葛根素可以明显减轻浸水应激引起的胃黏膜损伤;抑制胃运动亢进,尤其是降低胃运动指数、收缩时间百分比和高强度收缩次数;增加胃黏膜血流量;同时增加胃黏膜NO含量,并降低ET含量;胃黏膜组织损害程度显著减轻。结论:葛根素对应激性胃黏膜损伤具有明显的保护作用,其作用机制可能是通过舒张胃黏膜血管,升高胃黏膜NO水平,同时抑制胃运动亢进,增加局部胃黏膜血流量而产生作用。

胃粘膜血流量对大鼠胃粘膜适应性细胞保护作用的影响

采用氢气清除法测定胃粘膜血流量（ｇａｓｔｒｉｃｍｕｃｏｓａｌｂｌｏｏｄｆｌｏｗ，ＧＭＢＦ），观察大鼠胃内灌注低浓度盐酸酒精（０．１５ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＣｌ＋１５％ＥｔＯＨ）后灌注高浓度盐酸酒精（０．６ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＣｌ＋１５％Ｅｔｏｌｌ）对ＧＭＢＦ和胃粘膜损害的影响，以及ＧＭＢＦ在适应性细胞保护中的作用。结果如下：（１）先用低浓度盐酸酒精作为弱刺激灌注随之以高浓度盐酸酒精作为强刺激灌注，引起胃粘膜适应性保护现象，它表现为：大体损伤和损伤深度分别比单独强刺激组减少４７．０９％和４４．５７％（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．０５）；与此同时，ＧＭＢＦ亦出现适应性增强反应，即比单独强刺激组增加２８．０２％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；（２）近胃动脉灌注血管加压素后，ＧＭＢＦ的适应性增强反应被阻断，对胃粘膜的适应性保护作用也消失；（３）静脉注射消炎痛后，ＧＭＢＦ的适应性增强反应被阻断，对胃粘膜的适应性细胞保护作用消失，粘膜损伤程度加重。上述结果表明：低浓度盐酸酒精作为弱刺激引起的适应性细胞保护作用与ＧＭＢＦ增加反应增强有关；减弱或阻断这一增强效应可使适应性细胞保护作用消失；内源性前列腺素参与适应性细胞保护作用可能部分与ＧＭＢＦ增加有关。

应激性溃疡大鼠血浆、胃粘膜内皮素水平变化及其意义

目的：探讨内皮素１（ＥＴ－１）在应激性溃疡形成与发展中的意义。方法：采用大鼠冷束缚应激溃疡模型（ＣＲＳ），动态检测应激前及应激后１，３，６，９，１２ｈ各时相血浆、胃粘膜组织ＥＴ－１含量、胃粘膜血流量（ＧＭＢＦ）及溃疡指数（ＵＩ）的变化。结果：应激后血浆、胃粘膜组织ＥＴ－１含量均较应激前明显升高，其中血浆ＥＴ－１含量于６ｈ达峰值，以后虽有所下降，但１２ｈ内仍高于正常（Ｐ＜０．０５）。而胃粘膜组织ＥＴ－１含量在应激后１２ｈ内持续显著上升（Ｐ＜０．０１）；同时ＧＭＢＦ明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＵＩ明显增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）。胃粘膜ＥＴ－１与ＵＩ呈显著正相关（ｒ＝０．９８４，Ｐ＜０．０１），与ＧＭＢＦ呈显著负相关（ｒ＝－０．８４２，Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：内源性ＥＴ－１可能参与了应激性溃疡的形成与发展，其作用机制可能是通过减少ＧＭＢＦ，进而引起胃粘膜的缺血。

卡巴胆碱对大鼠烫伤休克早期口服补液时胃排空和胃血流量的影响

目的研究拟胆碱药卡巴胆碱对大鼠烫伤休克早期口服补液时胃排空和胃血流量的影响。方法雄性Wistar大鼠78只,随机分为假烫组(n=6)、单纯烫伤组(单烫组,n=18)、卡巴胆碱组(CAL组,n=18)、葡萄糖-电解质液组(GES组,n=18)和GES+CAL组(GES/CAL组,n=18)。用沸水(100℃,15s)造成大鼠背部35%TBSA烫伤。单烫组不补液;GES和GES/CAL组于伤后0.5h开始按Parkland公式量的半量(即每1%TBSA烧伤补液2ml/kg)分2次、间隔2h口服GES液;CAL和GES/CAL组于伤后0.5h口服CAL(60μg/kg)。烫伤后2、4、6h用激光多普勒血流仪测定胃血流量,酚红法测定胃排空率。结果烫伤后胃排空率和胃血流量显著降低(P<0.05);GES或CAL各组胃排空率和胃血流量均显著回升,明显高于单烫组(P<0.05);GES/CAL组胃排空和胃血流量改善比GES、CAL组更为显著(P<0.05)。结论CAL能显著改善大鼠烫伤休克早期胃排空和胃血流量,提高口服液体复苏的效果。

失血性休克大鼠模型的改进及胃黏膜血流量的测定

目的探讨失血性休克大鼠模型的建立及胃黏膜血流量的测定。方法16只健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为两组:对照组(n=8)、失血性休克组(n=8)。失血性休克组使用颈动脉失血-颈静脉失血回输的方式制备失血性休克大鼠模型。维持平均动脉压40mmHg1h后复苏,复苏后2h动物模型制作成功。使用激光多普勒血流仪测定大鼠胃黏膜血流量;采用光镜及透射电镜观察胃黏膜损伤情况。结果失血性休克组胃黏膜血流量较对照组明显降低,差异非常显著(P<0·01),胃黏膜细胞坏死、脱落、溶解,局部溃疡形成。结论失血性休克大鼠胃黏膜血流量明显降低,存在广泛的胃黏膜损伤。