The Developmental Patterns of Somatostatin Gene Expression in Gastric Tissue of Erhualian and Large White Pigs

In present study, the developmental patterns of somatostatin (SS) gene expression in gastric tissue were compared between Erhualian and Large White pigs. A semi-quantitative RT-PCR was applied to determine the levels of SS mRNA. The results indicated that: (1) The gastric SS mRNA expression was high at birth, followed by a significant decrease (P<0. 05) at 3 days of age in both breeds of pigs; (2) From 3 to 30 days of age, the expression of SS mRNA in gastric tissue exhibited remarkable up-regulation in both breeds, after which a strain difference in the developmental pattern was observed. In Erhualian pigs, SS mRNA expression reached a peak at 90 days of age, declined thereafter towards 180 days of age. In Large White pigs, however, the expression of SS mRNA remained constant from 30 days of age onwards; (3) In general, Erhualian pigs expressed higher levels of SS mRNA in gastric tissue compared with Large White pigs at the same age. The strain difference was significant from birth to 90 days of age, but vanished at 120 and 180 days of age. The results suggest that the gastric expression of SS in the pig is regulated following an instinct timetable in a strain-specific manner, its relationship with the development of gastric function as well as its interactions with environmental factors are to be elucidated.

Effectiveness of Helicobacter pylori eradication in the treatment of early-stage gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma:An up-to-date meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT)lymphoma(GML)is usually a low-grade B-cell neoplasia strongly associated with Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)-induced chronic gastritis.Clinical practice guidelines currently recommend H.pylori eradication as the preferred initial treatment for early-stage GML.To determine the practical effect of bacterial eradication as the sole initial therapy for early-stage GML,an updated analysis and review of available evidence is imperative.AIM To perform a meta-analysis to assess the rate of complete remission(CR)of H.pylori-positive early-stage GML following bacterial eradication.METHODS We performed independent,computer-assisted literature searches using the PubMed/MEDLINE,Embase,and Cochrane Central databases through September 2022.Prospective and retrospective observational studies evaluating the CR of early-stage GML following bacterial eradication in H.pylori-positive patients.The risk of bias was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)Critical Appraisal Tools.The pooled estimate of the complete histopathological remission rate and respective confidence intervals(95%CI)were calculated following the random-effects model.Heterogeneity and inconsistency were assessed using Cochran’s Q test and I2 statistic,and heterogeneity was defined as P<0.01 and I²>50%,respectively.Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were conducted to explore potential sources of heterogeneity.RESULTS The titles and abstracts of 1576 studies were screened;96 articles were retrieved and selected for full-text reading.Finally,61 studies were included in the proportional meta-analysis(P-MA).Forty-six were prospective and fifteen were retrospective uncontrolled,single-arm,observational studies.The overall risk of bias was low to moderate in all but a single report,with an average critical appraisal score across all studies of 79.02%.A total of 2936 H.pylori-positive early-stage GML patients,in whom H.pylori was successfully eradicated,were included in the analysis.The pooled CR of H.pylori-positive early-stage GML after bacterial eradication was 75.18%(95%CI:70.45%-79.91%).P-MA indicated the substantial heterogeneity in CR reported across studies(I2=92%;P<0.01).Meta-regression analysis identified statistically significant effect modifiers,including the proportion of patients with t(11;18)(q21;q21)-positive GML and the risk of bias in each study.CONCLUSION Comprehensive synthesis of available evidence suggests that H.pylori eradication is effective as the sole initial therapy for early-stage GML.Although the substantial heterogeneity observed across studies limits the interpretation of the pooled overall CR,the present study is a relevant to informing clinical practice.

Role of non-Helicobacter pylori gastric Helicobacters in helicobacter pylori-negative gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma

Marginal zone lymphomas rank as the third most prevalent form of non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma,trailing behind diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma.Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma(GML)is a low-grade B-cell neoplasia frequently correlated with Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)-induced chronic gastritis.On the other hand,a specific subset of individuals diagnosed with GML does not exhibit H.pylori infection.In contrast to its H.pylori-positive counterpart,it was previously believed that H.pylori-negative GML was less likely to respond to antimicrobial therapy.Despite this,surprisingly,increasing evidence supports that a considerable proportion of patients with H.pylori-negative GML show complete histopathological remission after bacterial eradication therapy.Nonetheless,the precise mechanisms underlying this treatment responsiveness are not yet fully comprehended.In recent years,there has been growing interest in investigating the role of non-H.pylori gastric helicobacters(NHPHs)in the pathogenesis of H.pylori-negative GML.However,additional research is required to establish the causal relationship between NHPHs and GML.In this minireview,we examined the current understanding and proposed prospects on the involvement of NHPHs in H.pylori-negative GML,as well as their potential response to bacterial eradication therapy.

Nomogram model predicting the overall survival for patients with primary gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma

BACKGROUND Increasingly extranodal marginal B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue,known as mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT)lymphoma,is a type of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.The prognosis of primary gastric MALT(GML)patients can be affected by many factors.Clinical risk factors,including age,type of therapy,sex,stage and family hematologic malignancy history,also have significant effects on the development of the disease.The available data are mainly focused on epidemiology;in contrast,few studies have investigated the prognostic variables for overall survival(OS)in patients with primary GML.Based on the realities above,we searched a large amount of data on patients diagnosed with primary GML in the Surveillance,Epidemiology and End Results(SEER)database.The aim was to develop and verify a survival nomogram model that can predict the overall survival prognosis of primary GML by com-bining prognostic and determinant variables.AIM To create an effective survival nomogram for patients with primary gastric GML.METHODS All data of patients with primary GML from 2004 to 2015 were collected from the SEER database.The primary endpoint was OS.Based on the LASSO and COX regression,we created and further verified the accuracy and effectiveness of the survival nomogram model by the concordance index(C-index),calibration curve and timedependent receiver operating characteristic(td-ROC)curves.RESULTS A total of 2604 patients diagnosed with primary GML were selected for this study.A total of 1823 and 781 people were randomly distributed into the training and testing sets at a ratio of 7:3.The median follow-up of all patients was 71 mo,and the 3-and 5-year OS rates were 87.2%and 79.8%,respectively.Age,sex,race,Ann Arbor stage and radiation were independent risk factors for OS of primary GML(all P<0.05).The C-index values of the nomogram were 0.751(95%CI:0.729-0.773)and 0.718(95%CI:0.680-0.757)in the training and testing cohorts,respectively,showing the good discrimination ability of the nomogram model.Td-ROC curves and calibration plots also indicated satisfactory predictive power and good agreement of the model.Overall,the nomogram shows favorable performance in discriminating and predicting the OS of patients with primary GML.CONCLUSION A nomogram was developed and validated to have good survival predictive performance based on five clinical independent risk factors for OS for patients with primary GML.Nomograms are a low-cost and convenient clinical tool in assessing individualized prognosis and treatment for patients with primary GML.