Flatness Control Based on Dynamic Effective Matrix for Cold Strip Mills

Steel strips are the main of steel products and flatness is an important quality indicator of steel strips. Flatness control is the key and highly difficult technique of strip mills. The bottle-neck restricting the improvement of flatness control techniques is that the research on flatness theories and control mathematic models is not in accordance with the requirement of technique developments. To build a simple, rapid and accurate explicit formulation control model has become an urgent need for the development of flatness control technique. This paper puts forward the conception of dynamic effective matrix based on the effective matrix method for flatness control proposed by the authors under the consideration of the influence of the change of parameters in roiling processes on the effective matrix, and the concept is validated by industrial productions. Three methods of the effective matrix generation are induced： the calculation method based on the flatness prediction model; the calculation method based on the data excavation in rolling processes and the direct calculation method based on the network model. A fuzzy neural network effective matrix model is built based on the clusters, and then the network structure is optimized and the high-speed-calculation problem of the dynamic effective matrix is solved. The flatness control scheme for cold strip mills is proposed based on the dynamic effective matrix. On stand 5 of the 1 220 mm five-stand 4-high cold strip tandem mill, the industrial experiment with the control methods of tilting roll and bending roll is done by the control scheme of the static effective matrix and the dynamic effective matrix, respectively. The experiment result proves that the control effect of the dynamic effective matrix is much better than that of the static effective matrix. This paper proposes a new idea and method for the dynamic flatness control in the rolling processes of cold strip mills and develops the theory and model of the flatness control effective matrix method.

Compound control for speed and tension multivariable coupling system of reversible cold strip mill

To weaken the nonlinear coupling influence among the variables in the speed and tension system of reversible cold strip mill, a compound control(CC) strategy based on invariance principle was proposed. Firstly, invariance principle was used to realize static decoupling between the speed and tension of reversible cold strip mill. Then, considering the influence caused by the time variation of steel coil radius and rotational inertia of the left and right coilers, as well as the uncertainties, a CC strategy that is composed of extended state observer(ESO) and global sliding mode control(GSMC) with backstepping adaptive was proposed,which further realized dynamic decoupling and coordination control for the speed and tension system. Theoretical analysis shows that the resulting closed-loop system is global bounded stable. Finally, the simulation was carried out on the speed and tension system of a 1422 mm reversible cold strip mill by using the actual data, and through the comparison of the other control strategies, validity of the proposed CC strategy was shown by the results.

Research and Development Trend of Shape Control for Cold Rolling Strip

Shape is an important quality index of cold rolling strip. Up to now, many problems in the shape control domain have not been solved satisfactorily, and a review on the research progress in the shape control domain can help to seek new breakthrough directions. In the past 10 years, researches and applications of shape control models, shape control means, shape detection technology, and shape con- trol system have achieved significant progress. In the aspect of shape control models, the researches in the past improve the accuracy, speed and robustness of the models. The intelligentization of shape control models should be strengthened in the future. In the aspect of the shape control means, the researches in the past focus on the roll opti- mization, mill type selection, process optimization, local strip shape control, edge drop control, and so on. In the future, more attention should be paid to the coordination control of both strip shape and other quality indexes, and the refinement of control objective should be strengthened. In the aspects of shape detection technology and shape control system, some new types of shape detection meters and shape control systems are developed and have successfully indus- trial applications. In the future, the standardization of shape detection technology and shape control system should be promoted to solve the problem of compatibility. In general,the four expected development trends of shape control for cold roiling strip in the future are intelligentization, coordi- nation, refinement, and standardization. The proposed research provides new breakthrough directions for improv- ing shape quality.

Monitor automatic gauge control strategy with a Smith predictor for steel strip rolling

The simplified transfer function diagram block for a monitor automatic gauge control （Mon-AGC） system of strip steel rolling process was investigated. The new notion of strip sample length was given. In this way, the delay time varying with the rolling speed was evaded. After a Smith predictor was used to monitor the AGC system, the control laws were deduced for both proportional and integral regulators. The control strategies showed that by choosing the controller parameter P=∞ for both control algo- rithms each regulator could compensate the whole strip gage error in the first control step. The result shows that the integral algo- rithm is more controllable for the system regulating process and has a better steady-state precision than the proportional regulator. Compared with the traditional control strategy, the new control laws have a faster response speed and a hieher steadv-state precision.

Research and Application of Non-symmetrical Roll Bending Control of Cold Rolling Mill

The existing research of the flatness control for strip cold rolling mainly focuses on the calculation of the optimum adjustment of individual flatness actuator in accordance with the flatness deviation, which can be used for general flatness control. However, it does not work for some special rolling processes, such as the elimination of ultra single side edge-waves and the prevention of strip break due to tilting roll control overshooting. For the purpose of solving these problems, the influences of non-symmetrical work roll bending and intermediate roll bending on flatness control were analyzed by studying efficiencies of them. Moreover, impacts of two kinds of non-symmetrical roll bending control on the pressure distribution between rolls were studied theoretically. A non-symmetrical work roll bending model was developed by theoretical analysis in accordance with practical conditions. The model was applied to the revamp of a 1250 6-H reversible universal crown mill (UCM) cold mill. Theoretical study and practical applications show that the coordination utilization of the non-symmetrical work roll bending control and tilting roll control was effective in flatness control when there appeared bad strip single side edge waves, especially when the incoming strip was with a wedge shape. In addition, the risk of strip break due to tilting control overshooting could be reduced. Furthermore, the non-symmetrical roll bending control can reduce the extent of uneven distribution of pressure between rolls caused by intermediate roll shifting in flatness control and slow down roll wear. The non-symmetrical roll bending control technology has important theoretical and practical significance to better flatness control.

Improvement on strip flatness of cold temper mills by modifying roll contour shape

A study on roll gap profile (strip profile) control was accomplished in a1700 mm single-stand temper mill. Some critical problems such as the deviation of work roll contourcaused by grinding and wear, the effectiveness of work roll bending were discussed. Using a finiteelement model, the effects of roll contours (ground and wear) on strip profile were investigated.The roll bending effect on strip thickness was also analyzed. It is pointed out that there are somespecial features of flatness control in the temper mill: during temper rolling, roll deformation isslight due to small rolling load, and the loaded roll gap profile mainly depends on work rollcontour, while the backup roll has a little effect on gap crown; the effect of bending force ongauge can not be ignored due to the coupling between flatness control and gauge control. A new rollcontour arrangement adaptable to the mill was presented and has been put into practical production.The application of the new set of rolls showed some good results: larger crown control range of workroll bender, higher rolling stability, better strip profile and flatness quality.

Backup roll contour of a SmartCrown tandem cold rolling mill

SmartCrown was a new system developed by VAI for improving the strip profile and flatness control first applied in 1700 mm tandem cold rolling mills at Wuhan Iron ＆ Steel （Group） Corporation （WISCO）. After tracing and testing, the application of the conventional crown backup roll matching the SmartCrown work roll of the production mill led to heavy and nonuniform wear, and the edge spalling of the backup roll often occurred. A 3-dimension finite element model of roll stacks was established, which was used to analyze the above-mentioned problems, and it was found that the main reason was the highly nonuniform contact pressure distribution between the work roll and the backup roll. A new FSR （flexible shape backup roll） was developed and applied in 1700 mm tandem cold rolling mills. A lot of good actual effects of FSR, such as evident improvement in profile and flatness of strips, non-occurring edge spalling, wear uniform, and remarkable decrease in roll consumption were validated by long-term industrial applications.

Industrial shape detecting system of cold rolling strip

A high-precision shape detecting system of cold rolling strip is developed to meet industrial application,which mainly consists of the shape detecting roller,the collecting ring,the digital signal processing(DSP) shape signal processing board and the shape control model.Based on the shape detecting principle,the shape detecting roller is designed with a new integral structure for improving the precision of shape detecting and avoiding scratching strip surface.Based on the DSP technology,the DSP shape signal processing circuit board is designed and embedded in the shape detecting system for the reliability and stability of shape signal processing.The shape detecting system was successfully used in Angang 1 250 mm HC 6-high reversible cold rolling mill.The precision of shape detecting is 0.2 I and the shape deviation is controlled within 6 I after the close loop shape control is input.

Control Strategies of Asymmetric Strip Shape in Six-High Cold Rolling Mill

It is a complicated problem for cold-rolled strip to improve asymmetric strip shape in strip production. A roll system and strip coupled model of six-high cold rolling mill was established with finite element method to estimate the effect of intermediate roll shifting, tilting, symmetric and asymmetric bending technologies on strip profile. To reduce asymmetric defects of strip shape as much as possible, some control strategies were proposed, including tilting and asymmetric bending of intermediate roll and work roll. The combinations of these three control strategies can effectively eliminate asymmetric strip shape defects. Finally, the closed-loop control model of asymmetric flat- ness at the last stand was given, and the flatness control system with the function of asymmetric strip shape control was also designed for cold tandem mill.

Adaptive Coordinated Control for Hot Strip Finishing Mills

To further improve the control accuracy for strip dimension of hot strip mills,an adaptive control scheme is investigated for a hot strip finishing mill based on the decentralization and coordination among the controllers of gauge,tension and looper.Consequently,the adaptive controller designed can regulate simultaneously the strip exit thickness,the strip tension and the looper angle to ensure better performance of the strip quality of finishing mills.Moreover,the control scheme is proposed in consideration of the essential nonlinearity and the unavoidable friction phenomena in the mechanical system,so the controller can be efficient in a wider range of working situations.The simulation results of a model obtained from a real hot strip finishing mill show the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme in comparison with the conventional control method.

Algorithm design and application of novel GM-AGC based on mill stretch characteristic curve

As the spring equation is limited to the accuracy of mill stiffness and the linearity of the mill spring curve, the traditional gaugemeter automatic gauge control(GM-AGC) system based on spring equation cannot meet the requirements of practical production. In allusion to this problem, a kind of novel GM-AGC system based on mill stretch characteristic curve was proposed. The error existing in calculating strip thickness by spring equation were analyzed first. And then the mill stretch characteristic curve which could effectively eliminate the influence of mill stiffness was described. The novel GM-AGC system has been applied successfully in a hot strip mill, the application results show that the thickness control precision is improved significantly, with the novel GM-AGC system, over 98.6% of the strip thickness deviation of 3.0 mm class can be controlled within the target tolerances of ±20 μm.

精轧AGC系统仿真实验教学平台设计与开发

在新工科背景下为了培养学生实践创新能力,设计开发了以钢铁企业热连轧精轧自动厚度控制系统(Automatic Gauge Control, AGC)为对象的虚拟仿真实验教学平台。该实验教学平台从本科自动化专业多门实践类课程的教学需求出发,依次设计了精轧系统轧制规程仿真模块和AGC控制系统仿真模块,并细化为6个具体的实验项目,较好地模拟了多机架带钢热连轧精轧的生产控制过程。实践表明,该实验教学平台有效地提升了学生工程实践能力和综合创新能力,为高校新工科卓越人才培养提供了良好的支撑。

防静电地板用SPCE冷轧钢带开发

根据防静电地板用SPCE冷轧钢带的质量要求,通过制作分体式酸洗钢带热风干燥装置和防止钢带堆钢的吹扫装置,提高酸洗钢带的表面质量;通过对1700 mm六辊HC冷轧机的AGC工艺控制系统和工艺润滑系统进行优化改造,提高产品的厚度精度、表面质量和板形质量;通过对退火工艺参数进行优化,保证产品的深冲性能,从而成功开发出防静电地板用SPCE冷轧钢带。

冷轧带钢表面缺陷问题的分析与控制

冷轧带钢具有平整度高、表面光洁度好、尺寸精度高和力学性能好的优点,是各种涂层钢板最为优质的原材料,广泛应用于机械、汽车、船舶制造等领域,具有广阔的市场销路。表面状态和表面粗糙度是衡量冷轧带钢产品的一项重要指标,也是冷轧带钢产品质量问题反馈较多的环节。为了确保冷轧带钢产品的表面质量,针对冷轧带钢表面常见缺陷问题的类型、成因等进行分析,并提出相应的控制措施,从而减少和消除表面质量缺陷。

冷轧平整机板形控制研究

对某厂冷轧平整机的轧制生产过程进行分析,利用有限元仿真模型技术对板形特征调控进行仿真分析,深入研究平整机辊形、轧制力以及生产带钢宽度对生产带钢板形的影响,由仿真模型结果展现出板形问题的机理,以此为基础提出冷轧平整机板形控制措施。通过实际应用对比发现,改进后,带钢生产时板形问题出现概率降低59%。

Quantitative Evaluation Method of Shape Indicator for Cold-rolled Strip

Quantitative level evaluation of cold-rolled strip was significant for the shape control and the product structure optimization. Based on the probability statistics method and the shape pattern recognition method, the shape evaluation model of cold-rolled strip was established to evaluate real-time shape of the online strip. The model was embedded in the shape control system, and the online strip shape state was real-time observed whether to meet the technical indicators, so the shape level could be identified and evaluated. Based on the shape evaluation indicators, the shape component could be well controlled to improve the shape hit rate and the control stability, so that the rolled strip shape could meet the technical requirements. At a 1050 cold strip mill, the shape data of the scene typical specifications strip were online collected and real-time evaluated, and the hit of macro shape in less than 8 I was 68.44%, indicating that the mill shape control had considerable room for improvement, as well as the evaluation method was feasible and practical for quantitative evaluation of the strip shape. So the new evaluation model has important guiding significance to increase value-added and reduce product quality objection.

不锈钢冷轧带钢质量智能管控的探索与实践

为快速提升不锈钢冷轧带钢质量水平,探索了一种智能的不锈钢冷轧带钢质量管控方法,并通过信息化系统予以实践。系统建设内容包括:采集不锈钢冷轧带钢全工序质量数据,构建质量数据中台;根据不锈钢冷轧钢带各工序质量管控特点建立单工序、多工序质量监控及判定模型;搭建质量多因素数据追溯和分析模型。结果表明:不锈钢冷轧带钢质量智能管控系统不仅能够对全流程过程质量进行自动判定、封锁和SPC监控,同时可进行质量追溯与分析;与传统质量管理相比,智能质量管控系统具有自动、精准、高效等优势。

窄带钢分级管控关键技术与应用

针对窄带钢生产过程存在转炉终点氧化性波动大,进精炼条件不稳定,钢水洁净度不够,夹杂物级别波动大等问题,实施了转炉终点动态脱氧控制技术、LF精炼过程洁净度控制技术、浇铸过程夹杂物控制以及铸坯表面质量控制技术、不同钢种分级、分断面保护渣技术。

冷连轧机带钢单锥度辊边降控制

针对冷连轧机带钢边降板形控制问题,研究了单锥度工作辊的辊形构成、特点和控制策略,建立有限元模型对比分析了单锥度、常规凸度和SmartCrown工作辊板形控制性能,并结合大型工业轧机调试实验分析了该板形控制新技术在实际生产中的使用情况.结果表明,应用单锥度辊可以有效降低带钢边降,减小带钢总凸度.

冷连轧机动态变规格机架速度控制策略及规律

针对冷连轧机动态变规格特性,提出了以变规格前的带钢张力设定值为控制目标的变规格机架速度控制策略.通过建立张力作用下带钢弹性变形的数学解析模型,推导计算了单步小压下变规格时变规格机架的速度控制规律,并根据流量相等原则对变规格后的冷连轧机前面机架进行速度设定.当变规格前后带钢的几何尺寸或材料特性差异较大时,提出利用楔形段方式完成动态变规格,采用上述张力控制目标策略推导计算了楔形段动态变规格方式每个中间厚度的轧制速度和辊缝设定值控制规律.本策略可将变规格造成的厚度偏差控制在变规格机架之间,同时避免了变规格机架与其他机架轧制因素通过张力的耦合,使轧制过程的动态变规格控制易于实现.