Deep Learning Based Signal Detection for Quadrature Spatial Modulation System

With the development of communication systems, modulation methods are becoming more and more diverse. Among them, quadrature spatial modulation(QSM) is considered as one method with less capacity and high efficiency. In QSM, the traditional signal detection methods sometimes are unable to meet the actual requirement of low complexity of the system. Therefore, this paper proposes a signal detection scheme for QSM systems using deep learning to solve the complexity problem. Results from the simulations show that the bit error rate performance of the proposed deep learning-based detector is better than that of the zero-forcing(ZF) and minimum mean square error(MMSE) detectors, and similar to the maximum likelihood(ML) detector. Moreover, the proposed method requires less processing time than ZF, MMSE,and ML.

Dynamic Characteristics of Functionally Graded Timoshenko Beams by Improved Differential Quadrature Method

This study proposes an effective method to enhance the accuracy of the Differential Quadrature Method(DQM)for calculating the dynamic characteristics of functionally graded beams by improving the form of discrete node distribution.Firstly,based on the first-order shear deformation theory,the governing equation of free vibration of a functionally graded beam is transformed into the eigenvalue problem of ordinary differential equations with respect to beam axial displacement,transverse displacement,and cross-sectional rotation angle by considering the effects of shear deformation and rotational inertia of the beam cross-section.Then,ignoring the shear deformation of the beam section and only considering the effect of the rotational inertia of the section,the governing equation of the beam is transformed into the eigenvalue problem of ordinary differential equations with respect to beam transverse displacement.Based on the differential quadrature method theory,the eigenvalue problem of ordinary differential equations is transformed into the eigenvalue problem of standard generalized algebraic equations.Finally,the first several natural frequencies of the beam can be calculated.The feasibility and accuracy of the improved DQM are verified using the finite element method(FEM)and combined with the results of relevant literature.

Nonlinear Analysis of Organic Polymer Solar Cells Using Differential Quadrature Technique with Distinct and Unique Shape Function

Four numerical schemes are introduced for the analysis of photocurrent transients in organic photovoltaic devices.Themathematicalmodel for organic polymer solar cells contains a nonlinear diffusion-reaction partial differential equation system with electrostatic convection attached to a kinetic ordinary differential equation.To solve the problem,Polynomial-based differential quadrature,Sinc,and Discrete singular convolution are combined with block marching techniques.These schemes are employed to reduce the problem to a nonlinear algebraic system.The iterative quadrature technique is used to solve the reduced problem.The obtained results agreed with the previous exact one and the finite element method.Further,the effects of different times,different mobilities,different densities,different geminate pair distances,different geminate recombination rate constants,different generation efficiencies,and supporting conditions on photocurrent have been analyzed.The novelty of this paper is that these schemes for photocurrent transients in organic polymer solar cells have never been presented before,so the results may be useful for improving the performance of solar cells.

Shaped Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying Based Waveform for Fifth Generation Communication

Fifth generation(5G)wireless networks must meet the needs of emerging technologies like the Internet of Things(IoT),Vehicle-to-everything(V2X),Video on Demand(VoD)services,Device to Device communication(D2D)and many other bandwidth-hungry multimedia applications that connect a huge number of devices.5G wireless networks demand better bandwidth efficiency,high data rates,low latency,and reduced spectral leakage.To meet these requirements,a suitable 5G waveform must be designed.In this work,a waveform namely Shaped Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying based Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(SOQPSK-OFDM)is proposed for 5G to provide bandwidth efficiency,reduced spectral leakage,and Bit Error Rate(BER).The proposed work is evaluated using a real-time Software Defined Radio(SDR)testbed-Wireless open Access Research Platform(WARP).Experimental and simulation results show that the proposed 5G waveform exhibits better BER performance and reduced Out of Band(OOB)radia-tion when compared with other waveforms like Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Key-ing(OQPSK)and Quadrature Phase Shift Keying(QPSK)based OFDM and a 5G waveform candidate Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing(GFDM).BER analysis shows that the proposed SOQPSK-OFDM waveform attains a Signal to Noise Ratio(SNR)gain of 7.2 dB at a BER of 10�3,when compared with GFDM in a real-time indoor environment.An SNR gain of 8 and 6 dB is achieved by the proposed work for a BER of 10�4 when compared with QPSK-OFDM and OQPSK-OFDM signals,respectively.A significant reduction in OOB of nearly 15 dB is achieved by the proposed work SOQPSK-OFDM when compared to 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation(QAM)mapped OFDM.

带渐消因子的Quadrature卡尔曼滤波

为了解决无源传感器机动目标跟踪系统非线性较强、传统的跟踪滤波方法不稳定容易发散的缺陷,提出了一种带渐消因子的QKF(FQKF)算法。该算法通过引入时变渐消因子来实时调整状态预测误差协方差阵、量测预测误差协方差阵及状态预测误差和量测预测误差之间的互协方差阵,利用公式推导得出渐消因子实际上是对状态传播积分点和量测传播积分点进行渐消,进而达到实时调整滤波器增益矩阵的目的。并通过算法的机理分析和仿真实验表明FQKF算法具有强跟踪滤波器(STF)的优良性能,能够克服QKF算法的缺陷,对于无源传感器机动目标跟踪中系统的突变状态具有较强的跟踪能力,较QKF算法稳定性有所提高,并且计算量适中。

结构可靠度计算的Gauss-Hermite积分方法

高精度的可靠度计算方法是结构可靠度研究的基本内容之一 .根据结构失效概率取决于失效面上验算点区域局部特性的特点 ,应用高效的 Gauss- Hermite积分 ,研究了结构失效概率的计算问题 .分析方法为在标准正态空间内对坐标轴进行旋转 ,使第 n个坐标轴通过验算点且正交于极限状态曲面 ,然后在新的坐标系内布置 Gauss- Hermite积分的节点并进行计算 .由于 Gauss- Her-mite积分的高效性 ,一般情况下每一个坐标轴只需布 3或 5个点即能获得较好的计算结果 .通过两个算例说明了上述方法的可行性 .该方法既可用于精确计算结构的失效概率 。

基于Gauss-Hermite逼近的非线性加权观测融合无迹Kalman滤波器

对非线性多传感器系统,基于Gauss-Hermite逼近方法和加权最小二乘法,提出了一种具有普适性的非线性加权观测融合算法.该算法可将一个高维观测压缩为一个低维观测.在此基础上,结合无迹Kalman滤波器(Unscented Kalman filter, UKF),提出了非线性加权观测融合无迹Kalman滤波器(WMF (Weighted measurement fusion)-UKF).与集中式融合UKF (CMF (Centralized measurement fusion)-UKF)相比,该算法计算负担小且具有逼近的估计精度.特别是在传感器数量较大时,该算法在计算量上的优势更加明显.仿真例子验证了算法的有效性.

Analysis and Design of a Quadrature Down-Conversion Mixer for UHF RFID Readers

A quadrature mixer with a shared transconductor stage is analyzed,including voltage conversion gain, linearity, noise figure, and image rejection. The analysis indicates it has better performance than a conventional Gilbert mixer pair in commutating mode. A quadrature down-conversion mixer based on this topology is designed and optimized for an ultra high frequency RFID reader. Operating in the 915MHz ISM band, the presented quadrature mixer measures a conversion gain of 12.5dB,an IIP3 of 10dBm, an IIP2 of 58dBm, and an SSB noise figure of 17.6riB. The chip was fabricated in a 0. 18μm 1P6M RF CMOS process and consumes only 3mA of current from a 1.8V power supply.

非线性Gauss-Hermite滤波与机动目标的反干扰跟踪方法

采用 Gauss- Hermite积分规则 ,基于结构随机跳变系统理论提出一套非线性滤波新方法。该方法克服了由于采用传统线性化所导致的“基础结构失真”,从而提高了估计的精度 ,具有较好的实时性。该方法的有效性在机动目标反干扰跟踪应用仿真中得到了验证。

Quadrature error and offset error suppression circuitry for silicon micro-gyroscope

The reasons for inducing quadrature error and offset error are analyzed and the expressions of quadrature error and offset error are induced. The open-loop system analysis indicates that, in order to avoid the appearance of harmonic peaks, the frequency difference δf between drive mode and sense mode must be less than 1/（2Qy）. In order to eliminate the effects of the quadrature error and the offset error, as well as the inherent non- linearity in the capacitance-type sensors, a closed-loop feedback control circuit with quadrature correction is designed. The experimental results indicate that the quadrature error and offset error are corrected. By comparing with open-loop detection, the closed-loop feedback control circuit with quadrature correction decreases the non-linearity of the scale factor from 16. 02% to 0. 35 %, widens the maximum rate capability from ± 270 （°）/s to ± 370 （°）/s and increases the stability of zero bias from 155. 2 （°）/h to 60. 6 （°）/h.

A 2.4GHz Quadrature Output Frequency Synthesizer

A design and implementation for a 2.4GHz quadrature output frequency synthesizer intended for bluetooth in 0. 35μm CMOS technology are presented. A differentially controlled quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator （QVCO） is employed to generate quadrature （I/Q） signals. A second-order loop filter, with a unit gain transconductance amplifier having the performance of a third-order loop filter,is exploited for low cost. The measured spot phase noise is -106.15dBc/Hz@ 1MHz. Close-in phase noise is less than -70dBc/Hz. The synthesizer consumes 13.5mA under a 3.3V voltage supply. The core size is 1.3mm×0. 8mm.

A 2.4GHz CMOS Quadrature Voltage-Controlled Oscillator Based on Symmetrical Spiral Inductors and Differential Diodes

A voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) which can generate 2 4GHz quadrature local oscillating (LO) signals is reported.It combines a LC VCO,realized by on chip symmetrical spiral inductors and differential diodes,and a two stage ring VCO.The principle of this VCO is demonstrated and further the phase noise is discussed in detail.The fabrication of prototype is demonstrated using 0 25μm single poly five metal N well salicide CMOS digital process.The reports show that the novel VCO is can generate quadrature LO signals with a tuning range of more than 300MHz as well as the phase noise--104 33dBc/Hz at 600KHz offset at 2 41GHz (when measuring only one port of differential outputs).In addition,this VCO can work in low power supply voltage and dissipate low power,thus it can be used in many integrated transceivers.

基于Gauss-Hermite求积分卡尔曼滤波的SINS非线性初始对准方法

为了改善大方位角初始对准精度和缩短收敛时间,在SINS动基座初始对准中引入了简化的Gauss-Hermite求积分卡尔曼滤波(QKF)方法.首先分析了Gauss-Hermite求积分中的单变量Gauss点及其系数配置方法,然后采用直接张量积法将单变量配置扩展后得到多变量Gauss点及其系数配置方法,给出了简化的QKF滤波算法.最后通过数学仿真分析比较了单变量积分点数为3的QKF(3点QKF)与比例对称采样UKF的对准性能,以及单变量积分点数取不同值(3,5和7)对QKF滤波性能的影响.结果表明:在动基座SINS大方位角初始对准中,3点QKF的对准精度远高于UKF的精度,方位角估计收敛速度也快于UKF,并且随着单变量Gauss积分点数的增加,QKF对准精度会进一步提高.

CMOS Quadrature Modulator and Up-Conversion Mixer for 802.11a Wireless LAN Systems

A quadrature modulator and an up-conversion mixer for an 802. lla wireless LAN system are designed and fabricated in 0.18μm gate length standard CMOS technology. A current feedback loop with a transconductor is used to improve the linearity of the quadrature modulator;An LC resonant tank is used as the load of the upconversion mixer to improve its gain and increase the voltage swing. The measurement results show that the input P1dB achieves -3.6dBm, the transducer power gain of the circuit is -3.6dB,and the current consumes about 45.8mA with a 1.8V power supply.

A High Phase Accuracy and Low Amplitude Mismatch Quadrature LO Driver

A 1.1 - 1.2GHz CMOS high phase accuracy,low amplitude mismatch quadrature LO driver is presented,which consists of a high frequency amplifier,an integrated poly phase filter, and an I/Q phase and magnitude calibration circuit（PMCC）. The proposed PMCC uses a feed-forward calibration technique. It improves the phase accuracy and reduces the amplitude mismatch with low power consumption. Simulation results show that phase error with PMCC is reduced to about one half and the amplitude mismatch is reduced to about one tenth, when compared to the LO driver without PMCC. Moreover,the calibration circuit also functions as a buffer to drive mixers, thus no additional buffer is needed in this design. The LO driver is implemented in a TSMC 0.25μm CMOS process. Experimental results show that the LO driver achieves high quadrature accuracy （〈2°） and low amplitude mismatch （0. 1%）. It has about 5.25dB gain and dissipates 6mA from the 2.5V power supply. The size of the die area is only 1.0mm×1.0mm.

DIFFERENTIAL QUADRATURE FOR AXISYMMETRIC GEOMETRICALLY NONLINEAR ANALYSIS OF CIRCULAR PLATES

New developments have been made on the applications of the differential quadrature(DQ)method to analysis of structural problems recently.The method is used to obtain solutions of large deflections, membrane and bending stresses of circular plates with movable and immovable edges under uniform pressures or a central point load.The shortcomings existing in the earlier analysis by the DQ method have been overcome by a new approach in applying the boundary conditions. The accuracy and the efficiency of the newly developed method for solving nonlinear problems are demonstrated.

ANALYSIS OF NONLINEAR PIEZOELECTRIC CIRCULAR SHALLOW SPHERICAL SHELLS BY DIFFERENTIAL QUADRATURE ELEMENT METHOD

The static behavior of piezoelectric circular spherical shallow shells under both electrical and mechanical loads is studied by using the differential quadrature element method (DQEM). Geometrical nonlinearity effect is considered. Detailed formulations and procedures are given for the first time. Several examples are analyzed and accurate results are obtained by the DQEM. Based on the results in this paper, one may conclude that the DQEM is a useful tool for obtaining solutions of structural elements. It can be seen that the shell shape may be theore tically controlled and snap through may occur when the applied voltage reaches a critical value even without mechanical load for certain geometric configurations.

Design of a 4.224GHz Quadrature LC-VCO

A 4. 224GHz quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator （QVCO） applied in MB-OFDM UWB synthesizers is implemented in 0.18μm RF-CMOS technology. An improved structure of the QVCO is presented for better phase noise. A novel configuration of a MOS varactor is designed for good linearity of K as well as a new digital capacitor controlled array topology with lower parasitic capacitance and lower Ron. Measurement results show a phase noise of - 90.4dBc/Hz at 100kHz offset and - 116.7dBc/Hz at 1MHz offset from a carrier close to 4. 224GHz. The power dissipation is 10. 55mW from a 1.8V supply.

基于改进Gauss-Hermite方法的在线多普勒展宽方法研究

温度对核截面的效应对反应堆中子学计算有重要影响,同时也是热工反馈的基础。准确、高效且内存占用较少的蒙特卡罗截面在线温度处理方法是其中的关键。基于多普勒展宽理论及Gauss-Hermite求积组,可使用基准温度下的截面对任意温度进行展宽计算,实现蒙特卡罗粒子输运过程中的在线多普勒展宽。本文针对传统Gauss-Hermite方法存在的问题,对该方法进行了改进,并利用典型压水堆算例进行了验证分析。结果证明,改进算法显著地提高了效率,为在线多普勒展宽方法在多物理耦合中的应用提供了基础。

变截面梁大挠度振动的 Quadrature 解

使用Ｑｕａｄｒａｔｕｒｅ法求解了全简支和全固支两种边界条件下的各两种变截面梁的大挠度自由振动频率，当退化为等截面梁时其结果与现有文献的精确解高度一致，而以Ｑｕａｄｒａｔｕｒｅ法求解等截面梁同一问题的文献则是求解变截面梁的特殊情形．