British Education for White People:Educational Assimilation,Social Production,Genders,and Research Basis

More and more UK-based researches begin to focus on the British White population,as they are the main ethic group in UK society that leads and influences the development of UK education and society.According to the UK government figures in 2018,statistics show that“the employment rate of British White stood at 75%,with the overall employment rate in the UK stood at 74%”(UK Government,2018).At the GCSE level in 2018,it is demonstrated that“there are more than 63%of British White pupils who achieved A*to C levels in English and Mathematics exams”(UK Government,2018),higher than the excellence rate of Mixed(30%),Black Caribbean(51%),and Pakistani(58%).It is obvious that British White people are highly prioritized in UK society,especially in educational fields due to the unequal distribution of educational resources between British Whites and other ethnic groups in UK society.However,there are also some of the inequalities that exist among British Whites,as their differences gender,regions,and socio-economic status.This paper aims to have an exploration on the British White education in a further step in terms of how the inequalities exist in their education,primarily from the lens of international education as assimilation,social reproduction,and gender issues.

Stereotypes in Genders Construction

The observation of girls and boys study in college for many years elicits there is a key to construct students' gender which affect their study and job choosing after graduation. In order to make teaching more effective and efficient, understanding what constructs genders becomes necessary for designing the curriculum. Some literatures tell that gender stereotypes exist ineradicably in our society. The gender stereotypes construct children's gender through their parents, mass media and their peer groups.The stereotypes believe boys wear blue and girls wear pink; boys always choose astronaut, lawyer, dentist as their job and girls prefer to be a nurse or a teacher. Gender stereotypes occur some negative phenomenon such as sex discrimination, restriction on personality development, and inefficient cooperation between male and female in our society. Educators should show a correct direction to students in their gender construction. There are 4 teaching approaches introduced to educator in the essay to reduce the influence of gender stereotypes on students. They are"access and equity""valuing girls' and boys' skills and experiences""acknowledging differences among girls and boys", and"challenging and critically examining the social structures". Students can understand themselves objectively and clearly, shape their personality positively, and develop their interests appropriately through the approaches in education.

The Laughter of Ticklishness Is a Darwinian Feature Related to Empathy in Both Genders: Self-Esteem in Men and Sexism in Women

The theory of false alarm for laughter could explain the involuntary laugh when someone is tickled. To put this hypothesis to the test, we handed out a questionnaire (180 items) with two hundred university students. Our main results are: In women who like being tickled, we discover components related to pleasure, erotism, feeling of affection, arousal, uncontrollability, domination, sexism and Darwinian (golden ratio) and psychological traits (empathy, low schizotypy and external locus of control) that are not present in the laughter at a stumble. The relation of both types of laughter with sense of humor is also differential. In men who like being tickled, we discover components related to masturbation, sexual fantasies, erotism, arousal, domination, sexist humour and Darwinian (square chin, feeling of masculinity) and psychological traits (empathic stress, low schizotypy, external locus of control and overall self-esteem). The relationship between being tickled and self-esteem shows a double aspect in men: It is positive in men who like being tickled and negative in men who do not like being tickled. For women there is not a relationship between self-esteem and tickling. Our conclusion is that laughter of ticklishness is a Darwinian feature related to empathy.

Eight-year follow-up on postoperative improvement protocol in extensive metoidioplasty transgenders:A case series

Background:This study aimed to evaluate the long-term penile size among patients who underwent extensive metoidioplasty.Methods:An evaluation was conducted on 7 out of 14 patients(mean age:29.71±13.76 years)who participated in a 2015 study that introduced a postoperative protocol to improve penile size after extensive metoidioplasty.Five transsexual females(46XX karyotype)and two patients with 5-alpha reductase deficiency were retrospectively followed up in 2023 to assess the long-term efficacy of the protocol at a specialized clinic in a general hospital in Tehran,Iran.All participants were informed about the study and consented to participate.Results:Five patients achieved increased penile size from their 2015 measurements(mean,29.00±13.34 mm).Five patients requested a larger sized penile traction device to continue the protocol.Conclusion:The long-term implementation of this protocol can result in increased penile size.We advise highly motivated patients to continue practicing the protocol to achieve better results.

Screening of Type 2 Diabetes in the City of Belo Horizonte: Differences between Genders

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem that carries a high social and economic burden. Its diagnosis is unknown in half of individuals who have the disease. The diagnosis of the risk factors should be done in the beginning, since changes in lifestyle and hyperglycemic correction may delay the appearance of the disease and its complications. In this context, screening has been considered an important tool for an early detection of diabetes in asymptomatic adults. Objective: The objective is to track diabetes in people from BH, comparing genders. Patients and methods: People were interviewed with questions concerning the risk factors associated with the development of diabetes. According to the risk factors present, they were classified as non-diabetic [ND], pre-diabetic [PD] or diabetic [DM]. Statistical analyses were performed considering p ≤ 0.05 as significant. Results: 1264 individuals participated (5.5% DM, 6.5% PD, 88.0% ND). When grouped, PD and DM males were more prevalent than PD and DM females. Those in the DM group had higher blood pressure, age, glycaemia, number of past smokers, first-degree relatives with diabetes than either PD or ND. Both males and females in DM and PD groups had a higher waist circumference than did either ND males or females. ND men had a higher intake of fried food and smoked more in the past than ND women. Both ND and PD males had higher blood pressure than women from the same groups. Conclusion: Screening for diabetes is very important for an early diagnosis and to avoid future complications in patients. It’s possible to infer that women are more conscientious when it comes to taking care of themselves than men.

Prevalence of Spinal and Bony Structural Disorders in Saudi Adult Using MRI in Different Genders

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging is the primary imaging modality for the evaluation of spinal cord and spinal column disorder. Aims: to assess the prevalence of bony structure and spinal disorders in the Saudi population and to find a correlation between patient age and gender. Material and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using magnetic resonance imaging in Al-Taif city from November 2020 to February 2021 at King Abdul-Aziz Specialist Hospital and King Faisal Hospital in Taif City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, to assess the prevalence of bony structure and spinal disorders in the Saudi population. The data was collected after gaining ethical approval from the directorate of health affairs in Taif’s administration of research and studies, and then analyzed using SPSS version 25 to determine the frequency and percentage of disorder. To check if there was a significant difference between the two groups, the Pearson’s chi square test was utilized. Results: One hundred young adults underwent MR examination of the spine. The results show that the most common age group affected by spinal disorders is over 50 years (53%), the most common bony structural spinal disorders are straightening 59%, followed by lordosis (20%), and the most common disc disorders are disc bulges (15%), and the most common degenerative changes are spondylo-degenerative changes (21%), and there is no significant correlation between genders and MRI findings (p-value). Conclusion: The study found that straightening is the most prevalent MRI-diagnosed spine disorder, followed by degenerative illnesses and that there is no significant association between gender and the type of MRI-diagnosed spinal disorders.

Gender disparities and woman-specific trends in Barrett’s esophagus in the United States:An 11-year nationwide populationbased study

BACKGROUND Barrett's esophagus(BE)is a known premalignant precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma(EAC).The prevalence rates continue to rise in the United States,but many patients who are at risk of EAC are not screened.Current practice guidelines include male gender as a predisposing factor for BE and EAC.The population-based clinical evidence regarding female gender remains limited.AIM To study comparative trends of gender disparities in patients with BE in the United States.METHODS A nationwide retrospective study was conducted using the 2009-2019 National Inpatient Sample(NIS)database.Patients with a primary or secondary diagnosis code of BE were identified.The major outcome of interest was determining the gender disparities in patients with BE.Trend analysis for respective outcomes for females was also reported to ascertain any time-based shifts.RESULTS We identified 1204190 patients with BE for the study period.Among the included patients,717439(59.6%)were men and 486751(40.4%)were women.The mean age was higher in women than in men(67.1±0.4 vs 66.6±0.3 years,P<0.001).The rate of BE per 100000 total NIS hospitalizations for males increased from 144.6 in 2009 to 213.4 in 2019(P<0.001).The rate for females increased from 96.8 in 2009 to 148.7 in 2019(P<0.001).There was a higher frequency of obesity among women compared to men(17.4%vs 12.6%,P<0.001).Obesity prevalence among females increased from 12.3%in 2009 to 21.9%in 2019(P<0.001).A lower prevalence of smoking was noted in women than in men(20.8%vs 35.7%,P<0.001).However,trend analysis showed an increasing prevalence of smoking among women,from 12.9%in 2009 to 30.7%in 2019(P<0.001).Additionally,there was a lower prevalence of alcohol abuse,Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori),and diabetes mellitus among females than males(P<0.001).Trend analysis showed an increasing prevalence of alcohol use disorder and a decreasing prevalence of H.pylori and diabetes mellitus among women(P<0.001).CONCLUSION The prevalence of BE among women has steadily increased from 2009 to 2019.The existing knowledge concerning BE development has historically focused on men,but our findings show that the risk in women is not insignificant.

Sex and racial disparities in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-related cardiovascular events: National inpatient sample analysis (2019)

BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)increases cardiovascular disease(CVD)risk irrespective of other risk factors.However,large-scale cardiovascular sex and race differences are poorly understood.AIM To investigate the relationship between NAFLD and major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events(MACCE)in subgroups using a nationally representative United States inpatient sample.METHODS We examined National Inpatient Sample(2019)to identify adult hospitalizations with NAFLD by age,sex,and race using ICD-10-CM codes.Clinical and demographic characteristics,comorbidities,and MACCE-related mortality,acute myocardial infarction(AMI),cardiac arrest,and stroke were compared in NAFLD cohorts by sex and race.Multivariable regression analyses were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics,hospitalization features,and comorbidities.RESULTS We examined 409130 hospitalizations[median 55(IQR 43-66)years]with NFALD.NAFLD was more common in females(1.2%),Hispanics(2%),and Native Americans(1.9%)than whites.Females often reported non-elective admissions,Medicare enrolment,the median age of 55(IQR 42-67),and poor income.Females had higher obesity and uncomplicated diabetes but lower hypertension,hyperlipidemia,and complicated diabetes than males.Hispanics had a median age of 48(IQR 37-60),were Medicaid enrollees,and had non-elective admissions.Hispanics had greater diabetes and obesity rates than whites but lower hypertension and hyperlipidemia.MACCE,all-cause mortality,AMI,cardiac arrest,and stroke were all greater in elderly individuals(P<0.001).MACCE,AMI,and cardiac arrest were more common in men(P<0.001).Native Americans(aOR 1.64)and Asian Pacific Islanders(aOR 1.18)had higher all-cause death risks than whites.CONCLUSION Increasing age and male sex link NAFLD with adverse MACCE outcomes;Native Americans and Asian Pacific Islanders face higher mortality,highlighting a need for tailored interventions and care.

Survey and clinical considerations of gender identity in lower primary school children

BACKGROUND Gender consciousness directly affects the development of gender identity,which is a continuous and lifelong process.Meanwhile,hospitalization is a part of many children's lives and has an impact on their gender development.AIM To investigate the current situation of gender identity in lower primary school children by conducting a survey of 202 hospitalized children in the lower grades and to provide a theoretical basis and foundation for the cultivation of gender identity and medical treatment of children based on the results.This study aims to inspire clinical medical staff to scientifically and reasonably arrange hospital wards for lower primary school children and pay attention to gender protection during the medical treatment process and to help children shape a unified and clear gender identity,which will enable them to better integrate into society and promote their personality development.METHODS The gender consciousness scale for elementary and middle school students was RESULTS Gender identity was already present in lower primary school children.The children's gender roles and gender equality consciousness were strong,exceeding the critical value,but their gender characteristics,gender identity,and gender ideal consciousness were weak.Children aged 6 had the weakest gender identity,and girls had significantly stronger gender identity than boys.CONCLUSION Gender identity is already present in lower primary school children,providing a basis and inspiration for the cultivation of gender identity and medical treatment of lower primary school children.Clinical medical staff should be aware of and understand these results and should scientifically and reasonably arrange hospital wards for lower primary school children.

Intricate roles of estrogen and estrogen receptors in digestive system cancers:a systematic review

Gender disparities are evident across different types of digestive system cancers,which are typically characterized by a lower incidence and mortality rate in females compared to males.This finding suggests a potential protective role of female steroid hormones,particularly estrogen,in the development of these cancers.Estrogen is a well-known sex hormone that not only regulates the reproductive system but also exerts diverse effects on non-reproductive organs mediated through interactions with estrogen receptors(ERs),including the classic(ERαand ERβ)and non-traditional ERs[G protein-coupled estrogen receptor(GPER)].Recent advances have contributed to our comprehension of the mechanisms underlying ERs in digestive system cancers.In this comprehensive review we summarize the current understanding of the intricate roles played by estrogen and ERs in the major types of digestive system cancers,including hepatocellular,pancreatic,esophageal,gastric,and colorectal carcinoma.Furthermore,we discuss the potential molecular mechanisms underlying ERα,ERβ,and GPER effects,and propose perspectives on innovative therapies and preventive measures targeting the pathways regulated by estrogen and ERs.The roles of estrogen and ERs in digestive system cancers are complicated and depend on the cell type and tissue involved.Additionally,deciphering the intricate roles of estrogen,ERs,and the associated signaling pathways may guide the discovery of novel and tailored therapeutic and preventive strategies for digestive system cancers,eventually improving the care and clinical outcomes for the substantial number of individuals worldwide affected by these malignancies.

Are gender inclusiveness and rural transformation interlinked?The case of Bangladesh

Gender inclusiveness is important in the rural transformation process of Bangladesh as rural women play key roles in both agricultural and non-agricultural sectors.Gender inclusiveness also leads to gender equity.We empirically evaluate relationships between rural transformation and gender inclusiveness in Bangladesh.We consider three rural transformation indicators:high-value commodities’share in agricultural output values,non-farm employment’s share in rural labor employment,and non-agricultural GDP’s share in total GDP.Indicators capturing gender inclusiveness include the per capita rural income of males and females,ratio of investments into gender programs,female access to education,access to healthcare,employment participation,land ownership,and asset ownership.We test the effect of the difference in per capita rural income of males and females and the ratio of their incomes and check for the robustness of the gender variables across different model specifications.Analyzing 128 district-level observations from 32 districts of Bangladesh across four time periods(2000,2005,2010 and 2016),we use both ordinary least squares and fixed effects panel regression models.We find that female land and asset ownership and access to education and healthcare are robust determinants of various stages of rural transformation.Thus,our results suggest that improving women’s ownership of land and assets and investing in women’s education and healthcare will likely contribute to a more inclusive rural transformation.

Interaction between adolescent sleep rhythms and gender in an obese population

BACKGROUND The obesity rate of adolescents is gradually increasing,which seriously affects their mental health,and sleep plays an important role in adolescent obesity.AIM To investigate the relationship between sleep rhythm and obesity among adolescents and further explores the interactive effect of sleep rhythm and gender on adolescent obesity,providing a theoretical basis for developing interventions for adolescent obesity.METHODS Research data source Tianjin Mental Health Promotion Program for Students.From April to June 2022,this study selected 14201 students from 13 middle schools in a certain district of Tianjin as the research subject using the convenient cluster sampling method.Among these students,13374 accepted and completed the survey,with an effective rate of 94.2%.The demographic data and basic information of adolescents,such as height and weight,were collected through a general situation questionnaire.The sleep rhythm of adolescents was evaluated using the reduced version of the morningness-eveningness questionnaire.RESULTS A total of 13374 participants(6629 females,accounting for 49.56%;the average age is 15.21±1.433 years)were analyzed.Among them,the survey showed that 2942 adolescent were obesity,accounting for 22%and 2104 adolescent were overweight,accounting for 15.7%.Among them,1692 male adolescents are obese,with an obesity rate of 25.1%,higher than 18.9%of female adolescents.There is a statistically significant difference between the three groups(χ2=231.522,P<0.000).The obesity group has the smallest age(14.94±1.442 years),and there is a statistical difference in age among the three groups(F=69.996,P<0.000).Obesity rates are higher among individuals who are not-only-child,have residential experience within six months,have family economic poverty,and have evening-type sleep(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis shows a correlation between sleep rhythm and adolescent obesity.Evening-type sleep rhythm can increase the risk of obesity in male adolescents[1.250(1.067-1.468)],but the effect on female obesity is not remarkable.Further logistic regression analysis in the overall population demonstrates that the interaction between evening-type sleep rhythm and the male gender poses a risk of adolescent obesity[1.122(1.043-1.208)].CONCLUSION Among adolescents,the incidence of obesity in males is higher than in females.Evening-type sleep rhythm plays an important role in male obesity but has no significant effect on female obesity.Progressive analysis suggests an interactive effect of sleep rhythm and gender on adolescent obesity,and the combination of evening-type sleep and the male gender promotes the development of adolescent obesity.In formulating precautions against adolescent obesity,obesity in male adolescents with evening-type sleep should be a critical concern.

Comprehensive Analysis of Gender Classification Accuracy across Varied Geographic Regions through the Application of Deep Learning Algorithms to Speech Signals

This article presents an exhaustive comparative investigation into the accuracy of gender identification across diverse geographical regions,employing a deep learning classification algorithm for speech signal analysis.In this study,speech samples are categorized for both training and testing purposes based on their geographical origin.Category 1 comprises speech samples from speakers outside of India,whereas Category 2 comprises live-recorded speech samples from Indian speakers.Testing speech samples are likewise classified into four distinct sets,taking into consideration both geographical origin and the language spoken by the speakers.Significantly,the results indicate a noticeable difference in gender identification accuracy among speakers from different geographical areas.Indian speakers,utilizing 52 Hindi and 26 English phonemes in their speech,demonstrate a notably higher gender identification accuracy of 85.75%compared to those speakers who predominantly use 26 English phonemes in their conversations when the system is trained using speech samples from Indian speakers.The gender identification accuracy of the proposed model reaches 83.20%when the system is trained using speech samples from speakers outside of India.In the analysis of speech signals,Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients(MFCCs)serve as relevant features for the speech data.The deep learning classification algorithm utilized in this research is based on a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(BiLSTM)architecture within a Recurrent Neural Network(RNN)model.

Classification of musical hallucinations and the characters along with neural-molecular mechanisms of musical hallucinations associated with psychiatric disorders

BACKGROUND Musical hallucinations(MH)involve the false perception of music in the absence of external stimuli which links with different etiologies.The pathomechanisms of MH encompass various conditions.The etiological classification of MH is of particular importance and offers valuable insights to understand MH,and further to develop the effective treatment of MH.Over the recent decades,more MH cases have been reported,revealing newly identified medical and psychiatric causes of MH.Functional imaging studies reveal that MH activates a wide array of brain regions.An up-to-date analysis on MH,especially on MH comorbid psychiatric conditions is warranted.AIM To propose a new classification of MH;to study the age and gender differences of MH in mental disorders;and neuropathology of MH.METHODS Literatures searches were conducted using keywords such as“music hallucination,”“music hallucination and mental illness,”“music hallucination and gender difference,”and“music hallucination and psychiatric disease”in the databases of PubMed,Google Scholar,and Web of Science.MH cases were collected and categorized based on their etiologies.The t-test and ANOVA were employed(P<0.05)to compare the age differences of MH different etiological groups.Function neuroimaging studies of neural networks regulating MH and their possible molecular mechanisms were discussed.RESULTS Among the 357 yielded publications,294 MH cases were collected.The average age of MH cases was 67.9 years,with a predominance of females(66.8%females vs 33.2%males).MH was classified into eight groups based on their etiological mechanisms.Statistical analysis of MH cases indicates varying associations with psychiatric diagnoses.CONCLUSION We carried out a more comprehensive review of MH studies.For the first time according to our knowledge,we demonstrated the psychiatric conditions linked and/or associated with MH from statistical,biological and molecular point of view.

A Cross-Sectional Study of Factors Influencing Orthopedic Surgery Application, Diversity, and Trainee Experiences

Background: Women and racial and ethnic minorities remain underrepresented in orthopedic surgery. Exploring factors that draw individuals from these demographics to pursue orthopedic surgery and their experiences during training can provide valuable insights into this disparity. We aimed to quantify the current state of diversity in terms of race, ethnicity, gender, and sexual orientation among orthopedic surgery residents and fellows, and to identify factors that influenced their decision to pursue orthopedic surgery. Methods: An institutionally validated survey was delivered via Qualtrics to national orthopedic surgery residency programs from January to April 2023. Topics addressed included gender identity, sexual orientation, racial and ethnic background, reasons for pursuing orthopedic surgery, and medical training experiences. Differences between gender and racial discrimination were assessed via Chi-square test. Results: A total of 119 orthopedic surgery residents and fellows responded. Of these, 62.2% (n = 74) identified as non-Hispanic White, 60.5% (n = 72) were male, and 86.6% (n = 103) identified as straight or heterosexual. Mentorship was cited by 79.9% (n = 95) of respondents as a critical factor in their decision to pursue orthopedic surgery. Additionally, 23% of female respondents and 4.2% of male respondents highlighted the presence of women and diverse faculty as very important. Gender identity negatively impacted the decision to pursue orthopedic surgery in 15.4% of female and 1.4% of male respondents (p = 0.004). Among underrepresented minorities (URMs), 24.4% reported negative experiences during training compared to 4.1% of non-Hispanic White participants (p = 0.002). Discrimination experiences ranged from 2.6% due to sexual orientation, 20.7% due to race and ethnicity, and 26.3% due to gender and gender identity. Conclusions: Discrimination based on race, ethnicity, and gender continues to pose significant challenges for orthopedic surgery trainees. The presence of mentors, particularly women and individuals from diverse backgrounds, remains crucial in fostering interest in orthopedic surgery among underrepresented groups. Sustained efforts are needed to create a more inclusive and supportive environment all trainees.

Beyond Gender Perspectives:A More Comprehensive Examination of Yang Yi’s Translation of Wuthering Heights

The renowned translator Yang Yi passed away in 2023.Many scholars argue that,influenced by their biological gender,female translators often employ translation methods in adherence to feminist translation or reflect characteristics typical of female translators.This study examines the translation of Wuthering Heights by Yang Yi,focusing on whether there is a definite influence of gender on translator behavior.While existing literature primarily analyzes Yang Yi’s work through a feminist lens,this research takes a broader approach.By considering the translator’s social background and translation practice,this paper challenges the assumption that her work strictly aligns with feminist translation theories.Instead,this study emphasizes the importance of considering diverse factors when interpreting translated works,moving beyond a singular gender-based standpoint.

Women Awareness on the Importance of Agriculture Technologies Using ICT-Based Training Programs

Awareness policy intended to contribute to changing rural women realities to urgent needs of information and gain knowledge was to be demonstrated through in-depth information and communication technology-based(ICTs-based)training program that focused on the importance of advanced agricultural technologies in the production chain in developing countries like Egypt through access and use of the ICTs.Women are becoming well trained on the detailed steps of improved technologies applied in supply chain.Their increased awareness of the necessity of quality management to be followed during their work in the postharvest handling system helped them to produce high-quality products to meet the export requirements of foreign markets and add value to the export quality.Women have been able to reduce the extremely high losses that occurred due to improper handling in particular.The outcomes of proper and healthy procedures,precautions and personal protection were gained by rural women and technicians working in the supply chain.Moreover,women themselves became more confident in their know-how and more comfortable in transgressing cultural norms that inhibited their progress.

Basic Research on the Burden of Dropping off and Picking up Children: Differences by Employment Type and Gender in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area

There is a need to reduce the burden of child drop-off and pick-up for child-rearing generations, but most studies on the actual situation in Japan are based on survey results. In this study, we analyzed differences in child drop-off and pick-up by employment type and gender, utilizing the “Metropolitan Area Person Trip Survey,” which is a statistical data set. The study targeted households in which both spouses were between 30 and 49 years old, had children under the age of 6, and included the following three groups. 1) Dual-income Group 1 (both spouses employed/on contract/temporary);2) Dual-income Group 2 (husband employed/on contract/temporary, wife part-time);3) Full-time housewife group (husband employed, wife unemployed). The analysis revealed that a) wives are almost always responsible for dropping off and picking up their children;b) husbands drop off and pick up their children less frequently in dual-income households;and c) households with children raising within 10 to 30 km of Tokyo Station have longer commuting times and need to reduce the burden of dropping off and picking up their children.

Relationships between Gender, Weight, and Body Image: Effects on Stress Management and Life Satisfaction in University Students

This study highlights the importance of understanding how gender and weight affect key aspects of well-being, such as body image, stress management, and life satisfaction among college students. By examining these relationships, the study aims to provide information that serves as a basis for designing specific interventions to promote mental health and general well-being in this population. The objective is to provide insights into the relationships between these variables to guide targeted interventions for student well-being. Methods: A total of 100 university students from Chile (60% women, 40% men), aged between 18 and 25, participated in this study. Participants were classified into weight categories based on their Body Mass Index (BMI) according to WHO standards: underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity. Validated scales were used to measure body image, stress management, and life satisfaction. Descriptive analyses and one-way ANOVA were conducted to identify significant differences between gender and weight categories. Results: Significant differences were found in stress management and body image according to weight categories. Participants with obesity reported the lowest scores in both body image and stress management, while underweight participants reported the highest scores. Men reported slightly better stress management, but the difference was not statistically significant. A moderate positive correlation was found between body image and life satisfaction (r = 0.29, p Conclusion: Gender and weight play an essential role in influencing body image, stress management, and life satisfaction among university students. These findings highlight the need for interventions that promote a healthy body image and effective stress management strategies, particularly for overweight and obese students.

Advancement Towards Spatial Justice:The Barrier-Free Environment Construction from a Gender Perspective

Space is both a product and a producer of social relations.In the spatial domain,gender blindness has long existed,limiting women’s rights of access to and use of space,leading to structural oppression of women’s rights,and giving rise to new gender inequalities.The barrier-free environment construction has the functions of eliminating physical barriers and generating societal norms,and when combined with social changes,can facilitate justice correction across multiple dimensions.However,barrier-free environment construction itself,as a means of justice correction,also suffers from gender blindness.There remains room for improvement in the areas of facility construction,information exchange,and social services within the realm of barrier-free environments.In response to this phenomenon,gender equality offers a new critical perspective.Therefore,integrating a gender perspective into the barrier-free environment construction,focusing on the spatial rights of women,especially groups with multiple vulnerabilities,such as disabled women and elderly women,can contribute to the advancement towards spatial justice.