To examine the interdependency and evolution of Pakistan’s stock market,we consider the cross-correlation coefficients of daily stock returns belonging to the blue chip Karachi stock exchange(KSE-100)index.Using the ...To examine the interdependency and evolution of Pakistan’s stock market,we consider the cross-correlation coefficients of daily stock returns belonging to the blue chip Karachi stock exchange(KSE-100)index.Using the minimum spanning tree network-based method,we extend the financial network literature by examining the topological properties of the network and generating six minimum spanning tree networks around three general elections in Pakistan.Our results reveal a star-like structure after the general elections of 2018 and before those in 2008,and a tree-like structure otherwise.We also highlight key nodes,the presence of different clusters,and compare the differences between the three elections.Additionally,the sectorial centrality measures reveal economic expansion in three industrial sectors—cement,oil and gas,and fertilizers.Moreover,a strong overall intermediary role of the fertilizer sector is observed.The results indicate a structural change in the stock market network due to general elections.Consequently,through this analysis,policy makers can focus on monitoring key nodes around general elections to estimate stock market stability,while local and international investors can form optimal diversification strategies.展开更多
To implement quality-oriented education in colleges and universities,the courses guide and significantly promote the holistic cultivation of students’personalities,while also rounding out the university curriculum.Ho...To implement quality-oriented education in colleges and universities,the courses guide and significantly promote the holistic cultivation of students’personalities,while also rounding out the university curriculum.However,the learning effects are not expected.The authors develop a model on student learning intentions based on a questionnaire survey of 5,000 undergraduates in Eastern China,utilizing multiple regression analyses.Our results show that learning intention is closely related to course information transparency,teachers’opportunistic behaviors,the perceptions of students towards the course,and their trust in the classroom experience.Consequently,to decrease the degree of student asymmetric perceptions of information,course information transparency should be improved,and opportunistic teacher behaviors should be eliminated.This may result in enhancing students’learning intentions.展开更多
文摘To examine the interdependency and evolution of Pakistan’s stock market,we consider the cross-correlation coefficients of daily stock returns belonging to the blue chip Karachi stock exchange(KSE-100)index.Using the minimum spanning tree network-based method,we extend the financial network literature by examining the topological properties of the network and generating six minimum spanning tree networks around three general elections in Pakistan.Our results reveal a star-like structure after the general elections of 2018 and before those in 2008,and a tree-like structure otherwise.We also highlight key nodes,the presence of different clusters,and compare the differences between the three elections.Additionally,the sectorial centrality measures reveal economic expansion in three industrial sectors—cement,oil and gas,and fertilizers.Moreover,a strong overall intermediary role of the fertilizer sector is observed.The results indicate a structural change in the stock market network due to general elections.Consequently,through this analysis,policy makers can focus on monitoring key nodes around general elections to estimate stock market stability,while local and international investors can form optimal diversification strategies.
基金This study was supported by the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Program of Anhui University of Science and Technology,China(201510361336)the Quality Engineering Program of Anhui Province,China(2015jyxm128)the Major Teaching Reform Program of Anhui University of Science and Technology,China(2014zdxm033).
文摘To implement quality-oriented education in colleges and universities,the courses guide and significantly promote the holistic cultivation of students’personalities,while also rounding out the university curriculum.However,the learning effects are not expected.The authors develop a model on student learning intentions based on a questionnaire survey of 5,000 undergraduates in Eastern China,utilizing multiple regression analyses.Our results show that learning intention is closely related to course information transparency,teachers’opportunistic behaviors,the perceptions of students towards the course,and their trust in the classroom experience.Consequently,to decrease the degree of student asymmetric perceptions of information,course information transparency should be improved,and opportunistic teacher behaviors should be eliminated.This may result in enhancing students’learning intentions.
