Genetic control strategies such as the sterile insect technique have successfully fought insect pests worldwide. The CRISPR(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) technology, together with high-qua...Genetic control strategies such as the sterile insect technique have successfully fought insect pests worldwide. The CRISPR(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) technology, together with high-quality genomic resources obtained in more and more species, greatly facilitates the development of novel genetic control insect strains that can be used in area-wide and species-specific pest control programs. Here, we review the research progress towards state-of-art CRISPR-based genetic control strategies, including gene drive, sex ratio distortion, CRISPRengineered genetic sexing strains, and precision-guided sterile insect technique. These strategies’ working mechanisms,potential resistance development mechanisms, and regulations are illustrated and discussed. In addition, recent developments such as stacked and conditional systems are introduced. We envision that the advances in genetic technology will continue to be one of the driving forces for developing the next generation of pest control strategies.展开更多
Enhancement of nitrogen fixation in the rhizo-sphere of cereals has attracted a wide interestin biological and agricultural research,insteadof chemicals,for supplying higher plants withcombined nitrogen.Bacteria in as...Enhancement of nitrogen fixation in the rhizo-sphere of cereals has attracted a wide interestin biological and agricultural research,insteadof chemicals,for supplying higher plants withcombined nitrogen.Bacteria in association withrice plant.s were sensitive to the surroundingfactors in the soil,such as NH~+ or O,whichrepressed associative nitrogen fixation between展开更多
Bone strain measurement is a case of interest and demanding task for osteogenic adaption responses. In this paper, a novel biocompatible optical sensor for the bone axial strain measurement was proposed. In case moder...Bone strain measurement is a case of interest and demanding task for osteogenic adaption responses. In this paper, a novel biocompatible optical sensor for the bone axial strain measurement was proposed. In case modern multilayer single mode WII type optical fibers are well designed, they exhibit superior characteristics compared to conventional metal strain gauges （SGs）. Furthermore, they could be strong competitors for SGs based on fiber Bragg grating （FBG） devices. In this study, mode field diameter （MFD） was selected as the indirect parameter for sensing task, which was totally a new approach. The strain sensitivity of 70.7733 pm/με was obtained. Moreover, temperature sensitivity was -3.0031 x 10-6 pm/℃, which was negligible and removed the temperature compensation complexity for the sensor structure presented. The satisfactory property achieved for the designed sensor is as a result of multilayer fiber＇s complicated structure as well as the design procedure based on evolutionary genetic algorithm （GA）. In addition, the sensor demonstrated a reliable performance as its sensitivity was independent of the magnitude of the applied load.展开更多
基金funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation)within project numbers 470105316/YA 502/3-1(to Ying Yan)and SCHE 1833/7-1(to Marc F.Schetelig)。
文摘Genetic control strategies such as the sterile insect technique have successfully fought insect pests worldwide. The CRISPR(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) technology, together with high-quality genomic resources obtained in more and more species, greatly facilitates the development of novel genetic control insect strains that can be used in area-wide and species-specific pest control programs. Here, we review the research progress towards state-of-art CRISPR-based genetic control strategies, including gene drive, sex ratio distortion, CRISPRengineered genetic sexing strains, and precision-guided sterile insect technique. These strategies’ working mechanisms,potential resistance development mechanisms, and regulations are illustrated and discussed. In addition, recent developments such as stacked and conditional systems are introduced. We envision that the advances in genetic technology will continue to be one of the driving forces for developing the next generation of pest control strategies.
文摘Enhancement of nitrogen fixation in the rhizo-sphere of cereals has attracted a wide interestin biological and agricultural research,insteadof chemicals,for supplying higher plants withcombined nitrogen.Bacteria in association withrice plant.s were sensitive to the surroundingfactors in the soil,such as NH~+ or O,whichrepressed associative nitrogen fixation between
文摘Bone strain measurement is a case of interest and demanding task for osteogenic adaption responses. In this paper, a novel biocompatible optical sensor for the bone axial strain measurement was proposed. In case modern multilayer single mode WII type optical fibers are well designed, they exhibit superior characteristics compared to conventional metal strain gauges （SGs）. Furthermore, they could be strong competitors for SGs based on fiber Bragg grating （FBG） devices. In this study, mode field diameter （MFD） was selected as the indirect parameter for sensing task, which was totally a new approach. The strain sensitivity of 70.7733 pm/με was obtained. Moreover, temperature sensitivity was -3.0031 x 10-6 pm/℃, which was negligible and removed the temperature compensation complexity for the sensor structure presented. The satisfactory property achieved for the designed sensor is as a result of multilayer fiber＇s complicated structure as well as the design procedure based on evolutionary genetic algorithm （GA）. In addition, the sensor demonstrated a reliable performance as its sensitivity was independent of the magnitude of the applied load.
