In rough communication, because each agent has a different language and can not provide precise communication to each other, the concept translated among multi-agents will loss some information, and this results in a ...In rough communication, because each agent has a different language and can not provide precise communication to each other, the concept translated among multi-agents will loss some information, and this results in a less or rougher concept. With different translation sequences the amount of the missed knowledge is varied. The λ-optimal translation sequence of rough communication, which concerns both every agent and the last agent taking part in rough communication to get information as much as he （or she） can, is given. In order to get the λ-optimal translation sequence, a genetic algorithm is used. Analysis and simulation of the algorithm demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.展开更多
Hepatocyte transplantation is an alternative to liver transplantation in certain disorders such as inheritedliver diseases and liver failure.It is a relatively less complicated surgical procedure,and has the advantage...Hepatocyte transplantation is an alternative to liver transplantation in certain disorders such as inheritedliver diseases and liver failure.It is a relatively less complicated surgical procedure,and has the advantage that it can be repeated several times if unsuccessful.Another advantage is that hepatocytes can be isolated from partly damaged livers which are not suitable for liver transplantation.Despite these advantages hepatocyte transplantation is less popular.Important issues are poor engraftment of the transplanted cells and the scarcity of donor hepatocytes.Generation of "hepatocyte like cells"/i Heps from embryonic stem cells(ES) and induced pluripotent stem cells(iP SCs) by directed differentiation is an emerging solution to the latter issue.Direct conversation or trans-differentiation of fibroblasts to "hepatocyte like cells" is another way which is,being explored.However this method has several inherent and technical disadvantages compared to the directed differentiation from ES or i PSC.There are several methods claiming to be "highly efficient" for generating "highly functional" "hepatocyte like cells".Currently different groups are working independently and coming up with differentiation protocols and each group claiming an advantage for their protocol.Directed differentiation protocols need to be designed,compared,analyzed and tweaked systematically and logically than empirically.There is a need for a wellcoordinated global initiative comparable to the Human Genome Project to achieve this goal in the near future.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61070241)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2010FM035)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Foundation of University of Jinan(XKY1031XKY0808)
文摘In rough communication, because each agent has a different language and can not provide precise communication to each other, the concept translated among multi-agents will loss some information, and this results in a less or rougher concept. With different translation sequences the amount of the missed knowledge is varied. The λ-optimal translation sequence of rough communication, which concerns both every agent and the last agent taking part in rough communication to get information as much as he （or she） can, is given. In order to get the λ-optimal translation sequence, a genetic algorithm is used. Analysis and simulation of the algorithm demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.
基金Supported by IIP fellowship(2013-2014)Albert Einstein College of Medicine,New York,through the generosity of the Gruss Lipper Family Foundation
文摘Hepatocyte transplantation is an alternative to liver transplantation in certain disorders such as inheritedliver diseases and liver failure.It is a relatively less complicated surgical procedure,and has the advantage that it can be repeated several times if unsuccessful.Another advantage is that hepatocytes can be isolated from partly damaged livers which are not suitable for liver transplantation.Despite these advantages hepatocyte transplantation is less popular.Important issues are poor engraftment of the transplanted cells and the scarcity of donor hepatocytes.Generation of "hepatocyte like cells"/i Heps from embryonic stem cells(ES) and induced pluripotent stem cells(iP SCs) by directed differentiation is an emerging solution to the latter issue.Direct conversation or trans-differentiation of fibroblasts to "hepatocyte like cells" is another way which is,being explored.However this method has several inherent and technical disadvantages compared to the directed differentiation from ES or i PSC.There are several methods claiming to be "highly efficient" for generating "highly functional" "hepatocyte like cells".Currently different groups are working independently and coming up with differentiation protocols and each group claiming an advantage for their protocol.Directed differentiation protocols need to be designed,compared,analyzed and tweaked systematically and logically than empirically.There is a need for a wellcoordinated global initiative comparable to the Human Genome Project to achieve this goal in the near future.
