Eight indica ( Oryza sativa L.) environment-sensitive genic male-sterile (EGMS) lines, 2-2S, K1405S, F131S, 2136S, Pei-Ai 64S, 1290S, GD-IS and N17S, were sequentially seeded with 10-15 d interval at three sites, Wuha...Eight indica ( Oryza sativa L.) environment-sensitive genic male-sterile (EGMS) lines, 2-2S, K1405S, F131S, 2136S, Pei-Ai 64S, 1290S, GD-IS and N17S, were sequentially seeded with 10-15 d interval at three sites, Wuhan in 1997, Guiyang in 1997 and Sanya in 1997 and 1998, China. The results of investigations on self-sterilities showed that all of eight EGMS lines had stable sterile periods of longer than 30 d at Wuhan. They can be used for seed production of two-line hybrid rice, but can not reproduce themselves. Their stable sterile periods were shorter than 30 d at Guiyang, they can reproduce themselves and can not be used for hybrid seed production. In Sanya, their stable sterile periods were longer than 150 d, all of eight lines can be used for seed production in summer and autumn and reproduce themselves in winter. The fertility of all eight lines were sensitive to temperature. The sensitive stages, sensitive duration and critical point of temperatures (CPT) of fertility alteration in various lines were different. The sensitive stages of 2-2S and K1405S were from 18 d to 9 d before heading, the sensitive durations were 7-10 d and the CPTs were 23.7-24.5 degreesC. The sensitive stage, sensitive duration and CPT of F131S were from 17 to 5 d before heading, 13 d and 24.3-24.7 degreesC, respectively. The sensitive stage, sensitive duration and CPT of 2136S were from 18 to 12 d before heading, 7 d and 24.6-25.1 degreesC:, respectively. The sensitive stages, sensitive durations of Pei-Ai 64S, 1290S, N17S and GD-1S were from 24 to 13 d before heading and 10-13 d. And their CPTs were 24.6-25.1 degreesC, 25.5-26.2 degreesC, 25.4-26.1 degreesC,, and 24.1-24.7 degreesC, respectively.展开更多
The effect of day length and temperature on the pollen fertility of five photoperiod-sensitive genic male-sterile japonica rice lines (PGMSR) and three temperature-sensitive genic malesterile indica rice lines (TGMSR)...The effect of day length and temperature on the pollen fertility of five photoperiod-sensitive genic male-sterile japonica rice lines (PGMSR) and three temperature-sensitive genic malesterile indica rice lines (TGMSR) were investigated in phytotron. The light source used for illumination was xenon lamp, and the light intensity which plant accepted on the leaf surface was 300—350μmol photons ms. The results indicated that pollens of PGMSR 7001S and E47S aborted completely whereas a little part of 31116S pollens appeared normal under long day photoperiod (LD,25℃,15h) (Table 1). High temperature (HT, 30℃, 12h) and lower temperature (LT,展开更多
As one of the most important crops, maize not only has been a source of the food, feed, and industrial feedstock for biofuel and bioproducts, but also became a model plant system for addressing fundamental questions i...As one of the most important crops, maize not only has been a source of the food, feed, and industrial feedstock for biofuel and bioproducts, but also became a model plant system for addressing fundamental questions in genetics. Male sterility is a very useful trait for hybrid vigor utilization and hybrid seed production. The identification and characterization of genic male-sterility (GMS) genes in maize and other plants have deepened our understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling anther and pollen development, and enabled the development and efficient use of many biotechnology-based male-sterility (BMS) systems for crop hybrid breeding. In this review, we summarize main advances on the identification and characterization of GMS genes in maize, and con struct a putative regulatory network controlling maize anther and pollen development by comparative genomic analysis of GMS genes in maize, Arabidopsis, and rice. Furthermore, we discuss and appraise the features of more than a dozen BMS systems for propagating male-sterile lines and producing hybrid seeds in maize and other plants. Finally, we provide our perspectives on the studies of GMS genes and the development of novel BMS systems in maize and other plants. The continuous exploration of GMS genes and BMS systems will enhance our understanding of molecular regulatory networks controlling male fertility and greatly facilitate hybrid vigor utilization in breeding and field production of maize and other crops.展开更多
Fatty acids and their derivatives are essential building blocks for anther cuticle and pollen wall formation.Disruption of lipid metabolism during anther and pollen development often leads to genic male sterility(GMS)...Fatty acids and their derivatives are essential building blocks for anther cuticle and pollen wall formation.Disruption of lipid metabolism during anther and pollen development often leads to genic male sterility(GMS).To date,many lipid metabolism-related GMS genes that are involved in the formation of anther cuticle,pollen wall,and subcellular organelle membranes in anther wall layers have been identified and characterized.In this review,we summarize recent progress on characterizing lipid metabolism-related genes and their roles in male fertility and other aspects of reproductive development in plants.On the basis of cloned GMS genes controlling biosynthesis and transport of anther cutin,wax,sporopollenin,and tryphine\r\Arabidopsis,rice,and maize as well as other plant species,updated lipid metabolic networks underlying anther cuticle development and pollen wall formation were proposed.Through bioinformatics analysis of anther RNA-sequencing datasets from three maize inbred lines(Oh43,W23,and B73),a total of 125 novel lipid metabolism-related genes putatively involved in male fertility in maize were deduced.More,we discuss the pathways regulating lipid metabolism-related GMS genes at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.Finally,we highlight recent findings on lipid metabolism-related genes and their roles in other aspects of plant reproductive development.A comprehensive understanding of lipid metabolism,genes involved,and their roles in plant reproductive development will facilitate the application of lipid metabolism-related genes in gene editing,haploid and callus induction,molecular breeding and hybrid seed production in crops.展开更多
Rice is a major cereal crop for China. The development of the ‘‘three-line" hybrid rice system based on cytoplasmic male sterility in the 1970 s(first-generation) and the ‘‘two-line" hybrid rice system b...Rice is a major cereal crop for China. The development of the ‘‘three-line" hybrid rice system based on cytoplasmic male sterility in the 1970 s(first-generation) and the ‘‘two-line" hybrid rice system based on photoperiod-and thermo-sensitive genic male-sterile lines(second-generation)in the 1980 s has contributed significantly to rice yield increase and food security in China. Here we describe the development and implementation of the ‘‘third-generation" hybrid rice breeding system that is based on a transgenic approach to propagate and utilize stable recessive nuclear male sterile lines, and as such, the male sterile line and hybrid rice produced using such a system is nontransgenic. Such a system should overcome the intrinsic problems of the ‘‘first-generation" and‘‘second-generation" hybrid rice systems and hold great promise to further boost production of hybrid rice and other crops.展开更多
文摘Eight indica ( Oryza sativa L.) environment-sensitive genic male-sterile (EGMS) lines, 2-2S, K1405S, F131S, 2136S, Pei-Ai 64S, 1290S, GD-IS and N17S, were sequentially seeded with 10-15 d interval at three sites, Wuhan in 1997, Guiyang in 1997 and Sanya in 1997 and 1998, China. The results of investigations on self-sterilities showed that all of eight EGMS lines had stable sterile periods of longer than 30 d at Wuhan. They can be used for seed production of two-line hybrid rice, but can not reproduce themselves. Their stable sterile periods were shorter than 30 d at Guiyang, they can reproduce themselves and can not be used for hybrid seed production. In Sanya, their stable sterile periods were longer than 150 d, all of eight lines can be used for seed production in summer and autumn and reproduce themselves in winter. The fertility of all eight lines were sensitive to temperature. The sensitive stages, sensitive duration and critical point of temperatures (CPT) of fertility alteration in various lines were different. The sensitive stages of 2-2S and K1405S were from 18 d to 9 d before heading, the sensitive durations were 7-10 d and the CPTs were 23.7-24.5 degreesC. The sensitive stage, sensitive duration and CPT of F131S were from 17 to 5 d before heading, 13 d and 24.3-24.7 degreesC, respectively. The sensitive stage, sensitive duration and CPT of 2136S were from 18 to 12 d before heading, 7 d and 24.6-25.1 degreesC:, respectively. The sensitive stages, sensitive durations of Pei-Ai 64S, 1290S, N17S and GD-1S were from 24 to 13 d before heading and 10-13 d. And their CPTs were 24.6-25.1 degreesC, 25.5-26.2 degreesC, 25.4-26.1 degreesC,, and 24.1-24.7 degreesC, respectively.
文摘The effect of day length and temperature on the pollen fertility of five photoperiod-sensitive genic male-sterile japonica rice lines (PGMSR) and three temperature-sensitive genic malesterile indica rice lines (TGMSR) were investigated in phytotron. The light source used for illumination was xenon lamp, and the light intensity which plant accepted on the leaf surface was 300—350μmol photons ms. The results indicated that pollens of PGMSR 7001S and E47S aborted completely whereas a little part of 31116S pollens appeared normal under long day photoperiod (LD,25℃,15h) (Table 1). High temperature (HT, 30℃, 12h) and lower temperature (LT,
基金the National Transgenic Major Program of China (2018ZX0801006B,2018ZX0800922B)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFD0100806,2017YFD0102001,2017YFD0101201)+6 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31771875,31871702)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (06500060FRF-BR-17-009AFRF-BR-17-010AFRF-BR-17-011A)the "Ten Thousand Plan”- National High Level Talents Special Support Plan (For X.W.)and the Beijing Science & Technology Plan Program (Z161100000916013).
文摘As one of the most important crops, maize not only has been a source of the food, feed, and industrial feedstock for biofuel and bioproducts, but also became a model plant system for addressing fundamental questions in genetics. Male sterility is a very useful trait for hybrid vigor utilization and hybrid seed production. The identification and characterization of genic male-sterility (GMS) genes in maize and other plants have deepened our understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling anther and pollen development, and enabled the development and efficient use of many biotechnology-based male-sterility (BMS) systems for crop hybrid breeding. In this review, we summarize main advances on the identification and characterization of GMS genes in maize, and con struct a putative regulatory network controlling maize anther and pollen development by comparative genomic analysis of GMS genes in maize, Arabidopsis, and rice. Furthermore, we discuss and appraise the features of more than a dozen BMS systems for propagating male-sterile lines and producing hybrid seeds in maize and other plants. Finally, we provide our perspectives on the studies of GMS genes and the development of novel BMS systems in maize and other plants. The continuous exploration of GMS genes and BMS systems will enhance our understanding of molecular regulatory networks controlling male fertility and greatly facilitate hybrid vigor utilization in breeding and field production of maize and other crops.
基金This research was supported by the National Transgenic Major Program of China(2018ZX08010-06B,2018ZX08009-22B)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0102001,2018YFD0100806,2017YFD0101201)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971958,31771875,31871702)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(06500136)the"Ten Thousand Plan"-National High Level Talents Special Support Plan(For X.W.),and the Beijing Science&Technology Plan Program(Z191100004019005).
文摘Fatty acids and their derivatives are essential building blocks for anther cuticle and pollen wall formation.Disruption of lipid metabolism during anther and pollen development often leads to genic male sterility(GMS).To date,many lipid metabolism-related GMS genes that are involved in the formation of anther cuticle,pollen wall,and subcellular organelle membranes in anther wall layers have been identified and characterized.In this review,we summarize recent progress on characterizing lipid metabolism-related genes and their roles in male fertility and other aspects of reproductive development in plants.On the basis of cloned GMS genes controlling biosynthesis and transport of anther cutin,wax,sporopollenin,and tryphine\r\Arabidopsis,rice,and maize as well as other plant species,updated lipid metabolic networks underlying anther cuticle development and pollen wall formation were proposed.Through bioinformatics analysis of anther RNA-sequencing datasets from three maize inbred lines(Oh43,W23,and B73),a total of 125 novel lipid metabolism-related genes putatively involved in male fertility in maize were deduced.More,we discuss the pathways regulating lipid metabolism-related GMS genes at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.Finally,we highlight recent findings on lipid metabolism-related genes and their roles in other aspects of plant reproductive development.A comprehensive understanding of lipid metabolism,genes involved,and their roles in plant reproductive development will facilitate the application of lipid metabolism-related genes in gene editing,haploid and callus induction,molecular breeding and hybrid seed production in crops.
基金support from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant Nos.2009AA101201 and 2011AA10A107)Hunan Province Government (Grant No.2009fj1012)+1 种基金Guangdong Province Government (Grant No.201001S0104725509)Shenzhen Municipal Government (Grant Nos.KQF201109160004A,JC201005280655A,CXZZ20140411140647863,NYSW 20140326010006,SWCYL20150331010020,and JSGG201 50508105340526),China
文摘Rice is a major cereal crop for China. The development of the ‘‘three-line" hybrid rice system based on cytoplasmic male sterility in the 1970 s(first-generation) and the ‘‘two-line" hybrid rice system based on photoperiod-and thermo-sensitive genic male-sterile lines(second-generation)in the 1980 s has contributed significantly to rice yield increase and food security in China. Here we describe the development and implementation of the ‘‘third-generation" hybrid rice breeding system that is based on a transgenic approach to propagate and utilize stable recessive nuclear male sterile lines, and as such, the male sterile line and hybrid rice produced using such a system is nontransgenic. Such a system should overcome the intrinsic problems of the ‘‘first-generation" and‘‘second-generation" hybrid rice systems and hold great promise to further boost production of hybrid rice and other crops.
