Differential gene expression profiling of gastric intraepithelial neoplasia and early-stage adenocarcinoma

AIM: To investigate the differentiated whole genome expression profiling of gastric high- and low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and early-stage adenocarcinoma.

Spatiotemporal microRNA profile in peripheral nerve regeneration:miR-138 targets vimentin and inhibits Schwann cell migration and proliferation

While the peripheral nervous system has regenerative ability,restoration of sufficient function remains a challenge.Vimentin has been shown to be localized in axonal growth fronts and associated with nerve regeneration,including myelination,neuroplasticity,kinase signaling in nerve axoplasm,and cell migration;however,the mechanisms regulating its expression within Schwann cell（SC） remain unexplored.The aim of this study was to profile the spatial and temporal expression profile of micro RNA（mi RNA） in a regenerating rat sciatic nerve after transection,and explore the potential role of mi R-138-5 p targeting vimentin in SC proliferation and migration.A rat sciatic nerve transection model,utilizing a polyethylene nerve guide,was used to investigate mi RNA expression at 7,14,30,60,and 90 days during nerve regeneration.Relative levels of mi RNA expression were determined using microarray analysis and subsequently validated with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.In vitro assays were conducted with cultured Schwann cells transfected with mi RNA mimics and assessed for migratory and proliferative potential.The top seven dysregulated mi RNAs reported in this study have been implicated in cell migration elsewhere,and GO and KEGG analyses predicted activities essential to wound healing.Transfection of one of these,mi RNA-138-5 p,into SCs reduced cell migration and proliferation.mi R-138-5 p has been shown to directly target vimentin in cancer cells,and the luciferase assay performed here in rat Schwann cells confirmed it.These results detail a role of mi R-138-5 p in rat peripheral nerve regeneration and expand on reports of it as an important regulator in the peripheral nervous system.

Association of TCR-signaling pathway with the development of lacrimal gland benign lymphoepithelial lesions

·AIM: To identify the association of the T cell receptor(TCR) signaling with the development of benign lymphoepithelial lesions(BLEL) of the lacrimal gland.· METHODS: We collected affected lacrimal gland tissues from 9 patients who underwent dacryoadenectomy in the Capital Medical University Beijing Tongren Hospital Eye Center between August2010 and March 2013 and were confirmed to have lacrimal gland BLEL by histopathological analysis. Tumor tissues from 9 patients with orbital cavernous hemangioma were also collected and used as control.Whole genome gene expression microarray was used to compare gene expression profiles of affected lacrimal gland tissues from patients with lacrimal gland BLEL to those from of orbital cavernous hemangiomas.Differential expression of TCR pathway genes between these tissues was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and immunohistochemistry.·RESULTS: Microarray analysis showed that in lacrimal glands with BLEL, 32 signaling pathways were enriched in the upregulated genes, while 25 signaling pathways were enriched in the downregulated genes. In-depth analysis of the microarray data showed that the expression of 27 genes of the TCR signaling pathway increased significantly. To verify the differential expression of three of these genes, CD3, CD4, and interleukin(IL)-10, reverse transcription-PCR(RT-PCR)and immunohistochemistry assays were performed. RT-PCR analysis showed that CD3 and CD4 were expressed in the lacrimal glands with BLEL, but IL-10 was not expressed. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that CD3 and CD4 proteins were also present, but IL-10 protein was not. CD3, CD4, or IL-10 expression was not found in the orbital cavernous hemangiomas with either RT-PCR or immunohistochemistry.· CONCLUSION: TCR signaling pathway might be involved in the pathogenesis of lacrimal gland BLEL.

Human cancer genetics

The short report will be focused on the genetic basis and possible mechanisms of tumorigenesis, common types of cancer, the importance of genetic diagnosis of cancer, and the methodology of cancer genetic diagnosis. They will also review presymptomatic testing of hereditary cancers, and the application of expression profiling to identify patients likely to benefit from particular therapeutic approaches.

Screening for self-renewal factors by a combination of mRNA and CGH microarray in human embryonic stem cells

Human embryonic stem cells(hESCs)undergo self-renewal while maintaining pluripotency.However,the molecular mechanism that demonstrates how these cells maintain their undifferentiated state and how they self-renew is poorly understood.Here,we characterized an aneuploidy H1 hESC subline(named H1T)using karyotyping and comparative genomic hybridization(CGH)microarray.Because the H1T hESC line displays a self-renewal advantage while maintaining an undiffer-entiated state,we speculated that the expression patterns of specific genes which are related to pluripotency or differentiation were altered;therefore,we attempted to screen for molecules that are propitious for maintenance of stemness by performing a combination of mRNA and CGH microarray analysis which compared the aneuploidy H1T hESC subline versus the euploid H1 hESC line.It is discovered that some genes are up-regulated in H1T hESC subline such as TBX2 and Wnt3,while some are downregulated,for example,Fbxo7 and HMG2L1.Ourfindings should fascilitate the study of the complex signaling network which maintains hESC pluripotency and function.

Effect of Tiantai No.1(天泰1号)on Gene Expression Profiles in Hippocampus of Alzheimer's Disease Rats by Bioinformatic Analysis

Objective： To study the effect of Tiantai No. 1 （天泰1号） on gene expression profile in hippocampus of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） rat, molecular genetic target points of the effect of this drug were defined, its molecular genetic pharmacodynamic mechanism of anti-AD was further explored at molecular gene level, and a scientific basis was provided for its clinical availability and promotion. Methods： Thirty male Sprague- Dawley rats were divided into three groups with 10 rats per group： sham-operation group, model group and Tiantai No. 1 group. Sterile surgical procedure was applied, the model group with bilateral hippocampal injection of Aβ21-40 was established, and normal saline was used instead of Aβ1-40 in the sham-operation group. One week after the models was made, rats were administered by gastric lavage once every day for three consecutive weeks. The rats of the sham-operation group and the model group were daily fed with purified water by lavage; the rats of the Tiantai No.1 group treated group were administered with Tiantai No.1 by lavage. Total RNAs of hippocampus tissues were extracted with Trizol, the changes of hippocampus gene expression profiles in the above throe groups were analyzed by using Affymetrix rat whole genome expression profile microarray. Results： Microarray analysis showed that, compared with the sham-operation group, the hippocampus of the model group had 50 up-regulated genes with significant difference （fold change 〉2）, and 21 down-rogulated genes with significant difference （fold change 〈0.5）; compared with the hippocampus of the model group, the hippocampus of the Tiantai No. 1 group was found to have 5 up-regulated genes with significant difference （fold change 〉2） and 20 down-regulated genes with significant difference （fold change 〈0.5）. The functions of differonUally expressed genes of the groups were involved in nervous system＇s development, neuronic differentiation and function-regulation, cellular growth and differentiation and apoptosis, synaptic occurrence and plasticity, inflammation and immune response, ion channels/transporters, cellular signal transduction, cellular material/energy metabolism and so on. Conclusion： Tiantai No. 1 can regulate hippocampal function, and further regulate the brain function of animals in multiple gene target points by a number of ways.

Genome wide expression analysis of the effect of Socheongryong Tang in asthma model of mice

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the molecular effect of Socheongryong Tang(SCRT,Xiaoqinglong Tang in Chinese) on whole genome level in asthma mouse model by microarray technology.METHODS:Asthma was induced by intranasal instillation of ovalbumin in mouse.After administration of SCRT on asthma-induced mouse,the expression of genes in lung tissue was measured using whole genome microarray.The functional implication of differentially expressed genes was performed using ontological analysis and the similarity of promoter structure of genes was also analyzed.RESULTS:Treatment of SCRT restored expression level of many up- or down-regulated genes in asthma model,and this recovery rate means SCRT could regulate a set of genes having specific TFBS binding sites.CONCLUSION:In this study,we identified a set of genes subjected to similar regulation by SCRT in asthma model in mice.