Synthetic varieties(SVs)are populations generated by randomly mating their parents.They are a good alternative for low-input farmers who grow onions,maize,and other allogamous crops since the seed produced by a SV doe...Synthetic varieties(SVs)are populations generated by randomly mating their parents.They are a good alternative for low-input farmers who grow onions,maize,and other allogamous crops since the seed produced by a SV does not change from one generation to the next.Although SV progenitors are commonly pure lines,in this case a synthetic(Syn_(TC))whose parents are t three-way line crosses,a very common type of maize hybrid grown in Mexico,is studied.The aim was to develop a general and exact equation for the inbreeding coefficient of a Syn_(TC)eF_(m)^(f)Syn_(TC)T because of its relationship with the mean of economically important traits.This objective arose due to the need for a more advanced study in terms of determining whether F_(m)^(f)Syn_(TC)can be applied specifically and accurately for any number of parents(t),plants per parent(m)and inbreeding coefficient(IC)of the initial lines(F_(L)).A formula for the IC of the Syn_(TC)was derived that,given any values of F_(L)(0≤F_(L)≤1)and t,is specific for any value of m,not just for“large”numbers associated with the context in which the Hardy-Weinberg law is stated.It was found that F_(m)^(f)Syn_(TC)is very sensitive to changes in m when m is not greater than eight,after which it tends to stabilize very quickly.In summary,unlike previously derived formulas,F_(m)^(f)Syn_(TC)is exact for any values of t,m and F_(L).展开更多
Aims: To assess the frequency and the main HPV genotypes circulating among a group of women attending at a third level Hospital in Mexico City. Methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive study was performed in a group...Aims: To assess the frequency and the main HPV genotypes circulating among a group of women attending at a third level Hospital in Mexico City. Methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive study was performed in a group of 143 female outpatients of the Gynecology and Obstetrics Service at the National Institute of Perinatology of Mexico. Cervical swabs were taken from participants and subjected to simultaneous detection/genotyping of HPV by Linear Array Genotyping Test (Roche Molecular Systems). Mann-Whitney U, median and/or Square Chi tests were used to compare socio-demographical features between HPV-infected and uninfected women. Results: A total of 66 women (46.2%) had HPV infection. Overall, 112 genotypes were detected either as single infections (45.5%) or multiple genotype infections (54.5%). The cumulated frequency of multiple infections with high-/low- and high-/high-risk HPV genotypes was 63.9 %. The most frequent high-risk genotypes were HPV52 HPV58 and HPV51, whereas the most frequent low-risk genotypes were HPV6, HPV53 and HPV84. Infected women were significantly younger and have less stable partner relationships than uninfected women (p < 0.05). Conclusion: A relevant frequency of mixed infections with high- and low-risk HPV genotypes, other than those considered most prevalent worldwide, was observed. Most circulating high-risk genotypes among the women of this study are not covered by commercial vaccine formulations.展开更多
文摘Synthetic varieties(SVs)are populations generated by randomly mating their parents.They are a good alternative for low-input farmers who grow onions,maize,and other allogamous crops since the seed produced by a SV does not change from one generation to the next.Although SV progenitors are commonly pure lines,in this case a synthetic(Syn_(TC))whose parents are t three-way line crosses,a very common type of maize hybrid grown in Mexico,is studied.The aim was to develop a general and exact equation for the inbreeding coefficient of a Syn_(TC)eF_(m)^(f)Syn_(TC)T because of its relationship with the mean of economically important traits.This objective arose due to the need for a more advanced study in terms of determining whether F_(m)^(f)Syn_(TC)can be applied specifically and accurately for any number of parents(t),plants per parent(m)and inbreeding coefficient(IC)of the initial lines(F_(L)).A formula for the IC of the Syn_(TC)was derived that,given any values of F_(L)(0≤F_(L)≤1)and t,is specific for any value of m,not just for“large”numbers associated with the context in which the Hardy-Weinberg law is stated.It was found that F_(m)^(f)Syn_(TC)is very sensitive to changes in m when m is not greater than eight,after which it tends to stabilize very quickly.In summary,unlike previously derived formulas,F_(m)^(f)Syn_(TC)is exact for any values of t,m and F_(L).
文摘Aims: To assess the frequency and the main HPV genotypes circulating among a group of women attending at a third level Hospital in Mexico City. Methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive study was performed in a group of 143 female outpatients of the Gynecology and Obstetrics Service at the National Institute of Perinatology of Mexico. Cervical swabs were taken from participants and subjected to simultaneous detection/genotyping of HPV by Linear Array Genotyping Test (Roche Molecular Systems). Mann-Whitney U, median and/or Square Chi tests were used to compare socio-demographical features between HPV-infected and uninfected women. Results: A total of 66 women (46.2%) had HPV infection. Overall, 112 genotypes were detected either as single infections (45.5%) or multiple genotype infections (54.5%). The cumulated frequency of multiple infections with high-/low- and high-/high-risk HPV genotypes was 63.9 %. The most frequent high-risk genotypes were HPV52 HPV58 and HPV51, whereas the most frequent low-risk genotypes were HPV6, HPV53 and HPV84. Infected women were significantly younger and have less stable partner relationships than uninfected women (p < 0.05). Conclusion: A relevant frequency of mixed infections with high- and low-risk HPV genotypes, other than those considered most prevalent worldwide, was observed. Most circulating high-risk genotypes among the women of this study are not covered by commercial vaccine formulations.
