With the assistance of the identified/associated sources in the second Fermi Large Area Telescope （LAT） catalog, we analyze and resolve the spatial distribution and the distributions of the gamma-ray spectral and va...With the assistance of the identified/associated sources in the second Fermi Large Area Telescope （LAT） catalog, we analyze and resolve the spatial distribution and the distributions of the gamma-ray spectral and variability indices of the remaining 575 unassociated Fermi LAT sources. Consequently, it is suggested that the unassociated sources could statistically consist of Galactic supernova remnants/pulsar wind nebulae, BL Lacertae objects, fiat spectrum radio quasars and other types of active galaxies with fractions of 25%, 29%, 41% and 5%, respectively.展开更多
Statistical two-group comparisons are widely used to identify the significant differentially expressed (DE) signatures against a therapy response for microarray data analysis. We applied a rank order statistics based ...Statistical two-group comparisons are widely used to identify the significant differentially expressed (DE) signatures against a therapy response for microarray data analysis. We applied a rank order statistics based on an Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH) residual empirical process to DE analysis. This approach was considered for simulation data and publicly available datasets, and was compared with two-group comparison by original data and Auto-regressive (AR) residual. The significant DE genes by the ARCH and AR residuals were reduced by about 20% - 30% to these genes by the original data. Almost 100% of the genes by ARCH are covered by the genes by the original data unlike the genes by AR residuals. GO enrichment and Pathway analyses indicate the consistent biological characteristics between genes by ARCH residuals and original data. ARCH residuals array data might contribute to refining the number of significant DE genes to detect the biological feature as well as ordinal microarray data.展开更多
In this paper we extend the concept of Sλ^L（I）- asymptotically statistical equivalence which is a natural combination of λ - statistical convergence and asymptotically I -equivalence. We use the sequence P = （Pk...In this paper we extend the concept of Sλ^L（I）- asymptotically statistical equivalence which is a natural combination of λ - statistical convergence and asymptotically I -equivalence. We use the sequence P = （Pk） which is the sequence of positive real numbers.展开更多
We have collected nearly all the available observed data of the elements from Ba to Dy in halo and disk stars in the metallicity range -4.0 <[Fe/H]< 0.5. Based on the observed data of Ba and Eu, we evaluated the...We have collected nearly all the available observed data of the elements from Ba to Dy in halo and disk stars in the metallicity range -4.0 <[Fe/H]< 0.5. Based on the observed data of Ba and Eu, we evaluated the least-squares regressions of [Ba/Fe] on [Fe/H], and [Eu/H] on [Ba/H]. Assuming that the heavy elements (heavier than Ba) are produced by a combination of the main components of s- and r-processes in metal-poor stars, and choosing Ba and Eu as respective representative elements of the main s- and the main r-processes, a statistical model for predicting the Galactic chemical evolution of the heavy elements is presented. With this model, we calculate the mean abundance trends of the heavy elements La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, and Dy with the metallicity. We compare our results with the observed data at various metallicities, showing that the predicted trends are in good agreement with the observed trends, at least for the metallicity range [Fe/H]≥ -2.5. Finally, we discuss our results and deduce some important information about the Galactic chemical evolution.展开更多
Groundwater quality is a major environmental aspect which needs to be analyzed and managed depending on its spatial distribution. Utilization of insufficient management of groundwater resources in Gaza Strip, Palestin...Groundwater quality is a major environmental aspect which needs to be analyzed and managed depending on its spatial distribution. Utilization of insufficient management of groundwater resources in Gaza Strip, Palestine, produces not only a reduction in quantity but also deterioration in quality of groundwater. The aim of this study is to provide an overview for evaluation of groundwater quality in the Gaza Strip area as a case study for applying spatially distributed by using Geographic Information System (GIS) and geostatistical algorithms. The groundwater quality parameters, pH, total dissolved solids, total hardness, alkalinity, chloride, nitrate, sulfate, calcium, magnesium, and fluoride, were sampled and analyzed from the existing municipal and agricultural wells in Gaza Strip;maps of each parameter were created using geostatistical (Kriging) approach. Experimental semivariogram values were tested for different ordinary Kriging models to identify the best fitted for the ten water quality parameters and the best models were selected on the basis of mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), average standard error (ASE), and root mean square standardized error (RMSSE). Maps of 10 groundwater quality parameters were used to calculate the groundwater quality index (GWQI) map using the index method. In general, the results showed that this integrated method is a sufficient assessment tool for environmental spatially distributed parameters.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11103004)the Foundation for the Authors of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertations of China (Grant No. 201225)
文摘With the assistance of the identified/associated sources in the second Fermi Large Area Telescope （LAT） catalog, we analyze and resolve the spatial distribution and the distributions of the gamma-ray spectral and variability indices of the remaining 575 unassociated Fermi LAT sources. Consequently, it is suggested that the unassociated sources could statistically consist of Galactic supernova remnants/pulsar wind nebulae, BL Lacertae objects, fiat spectrum radio quasars and other types of active galaxies with fractions of 25%, 29%, 41% and 5%, respectively.
文摘Statistical two-group comparisons are widely used to identify the significant differentially expressed (DE) signatures against a therapy response for microarray data analysis. We applied a rank order statistics based on an Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH) residual empirical process to DE analysis. This approach was considered for simulation data and publicly available datasets, and was compared with two-group comparison by original data and Auto-regressive (AR) residual. The significant DE genes by the ARCH and AR residuals were reduced by about 20% - 30% to these genes by the original data. Almost 100% of the genes by ARCH are covered by the genes by the original data unlike the genes by AR residuals. GO enrichment and Pathway analyses indicate the consistent biological characteristics between genes by ARCH residuals and original data. ARCH residuals array data might contribute to refining the number of significant DE genes to detect the biological feature as well as ordinal microarray data.
文摘In this paper we extend the concept of Sλ^L（I）- asymptotically statistical equivalence which is a natural combination of λ - statistical convergence and asymptotically I -equivalence. We use the sequence P = （Pk） which is the sequence of positive real numbers.
基金This research has been supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China through grant No.19973002 Chinese Academy of Sciences-Peking University Joint Beijing Astrophysical Center.
文摘We have collected nearly all the available observed data of the elements from Ba to Dy in halo and disk stars in the metallicity range -4.0 <[Fe/H]< 0.5. Based on the observed data of Ba and Eu, we evaluated the least-squares regressions of [Ba/Fe] on [Fe/H], and [Eu/H] on [Ba/H]. Assuming that the heavy elements (heavier than Ba) are produced by a combination of the main components of s- and r-processes in metal-poor stars, and choosing Ba and Eu as respective representative elements of the main s- and the main r-processes, a statistical model for predicting the Galactic chemical evolution of the heavy elements is presented. With this model, we calculate the mean abundance trends of the heavy elements La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, and Dy with the metallicity. We compare our results with the observed data at various metallicities, showing that the predicted trends are in good agreement with the observed trends, at least for the metallicity range [Fe/H]≥ -2.5. Finally, we discuss our results and deduce some important information about the Galactic chemical evolution.
文摘Groundwater quality is a major environmental aspect which needs to be analyzed and managed depending on its spatial distribution. Utilization of insufficient management of groundwater resources in Gaza Strip, Palestine, produces not only a reduction in quantity but also deterioration in quality of groundwater. The aim of this study is to provide an overview for evaluation of groundwater quality in the Gaza Strip area as a case study for applying spatially distributed by using Geographic Information System (GIS) and geostatistical algorithms. The groundwater quality parameters, pH, total dissolved solids, total hardness, alkalinity, chloride, nitrate, sulfate, calcium, magnesium, and fluoride, were sampled and analyzed from the existing municipal and agricultural wells in Gaza Strip;maps of each parameter were created using geostatistical (Kriging) approach. Experimental semivariogram values were tested for different ordinary Kriging models to identify the best fitted for the ten water quality parameters and the best models were selected on the basis of mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), average standard error (ASE), and root mean square standardized error (RMSSE). Maps of 10 groundwater quality parameters were used to calculate the groundwater quality index (GWQI) map using the index method. In general, the results showed that this integrated method is a sufficient assessment tool for environmental spatially distributed parameters.
