Research on Development of Agricultural Geographic Information Ontology

This paper first analyzes the reason that agricultural geographic information gives rise to semantic heterogeneity and solution thereof. Although OWL （web ontology language） is the standard of ontology representation language in semantic web, it is insufficient in representing spatial characteristics, especially spatial relationship. Consequently it is pointed out to build geo-ontology by virtue of three theories such as mereology, location theory and topology in this paper. This paper introduces mereology, location theory and topology, and then discusses how to adopt these three theories to build geo-ontology. The outcome of experiment shows that solution put forward by this paper is feasible.

Dynamic Change Analysis of Urban Green Land in Jinan City Based RS and Geo-information Tupu

The three-period (1995, 1998 and 2003) remote sensing images in Jinan City, China are selected. And the information of green land, construction land, woodland and water body is extracted by using the image processing module of remote-sensing software and computerized interpretation module. Both the change table and transfer matrix table of land use area are analyzed by modeling module of remote-sensing software. Then, the Geo-information Tupu is obtained; and the temporal and spatial variation of land use in Jinan City is monitored and analyzed by Geo-information Tupu and transfer matrix. Result shows that land use structure change of Jinan City in the years 1995-1998 shows a transformation from green land to construction land. Area of green land circulating into construction land reaches 62.27 square kilometers, accounting for 25.84% of the initial green land. In the year 1998, areas of woodland and green land are reduced due to the urban expansion of Jinan City. However, with the enhancement of people's awareness of environmental protection, areas of woodland and green land gradually increase in the year 2003, which are still less than those in the year 1995.

THE CLIMATIC STUDY OF CHANGBAI MOUNTAIN BY INTEGRATION OF REMOTE SENSING INFORMATION AND GEO-CODED IMAGES

Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION Changbai Mountain is situated between E127°54′-128°08′, N40°58′-42°06′ about 2700 meters above sea level. It is the typical area of the mountainous climate in the monsoon area of the temperate zone on the globe. The well reserved primeval vertical distribution of natural landscape belts and the Natural Conservation of Changbai Mountains adopted by the UNESCO′s MAB Program cause the worldwide attention of geographers. Beside the complexity of the climatic structure itself, the mechanical effection of the high mountain body also effect the climate in the eastern part of China. In the mountain area where short of meteorological observation data, the climatic study by remote sensing is favorable for discovery and representation of climatic law in large area.

Environmental and Geo-Referenced Information Modeling for Sustainable Development in Iran

By providing Geo-referenced information, which serves as an important tool for decision-making in land use planning, national mapping agencies can help provide effective monitoring of environmental resources while in many parts of the world lack adequate information in clear. Their role in sustainability and development planning is thus unique and es- sential. National cartographic centers and national mapping agencies offers example of such national mapping agencies. Accurate information on land and environmental resources is essential to effective land use planning. Key sources of in- formation include topographic maps, aerial photos, satellite images, and data derived from geographic information sys- tems (GIS). At the national level, this information can be used to identify environmental resources, reveal the develop- ment potential of the country, and help promote effective ecological studies and sound land use planning with a land use planning approach. This article begins with some general comments on the importance of land use planning, and outli- nes some current environmental issues and also highlights the connection between roles of Geo-referenced information in land use planning with a sustainable development approach. The discussion describes several key methods of resour- ce identification, with particular emphasis on aerial photography and the existing potentials of Iran in this field. The ar- ticle also discusses the role that the Geo-referenced information and environmental planning play in developing and promoting geographic information system use to sustainable development and finally present proper models to use en- vironmental information and geo-referenced data for sustainable development.

Using GIS Data to Build Informed Virtual Geographic Environments (IVGE)

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to automatically building Informed Virtual Geographic Environments (IVGE) using data provided by Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The obtained IVGE provides 2D and 3D geographic information for visualization and simulation purposes. Conventional VGE approaches are generally built upon a grid-based representation, raising the well-known problems of the lack of accuracy of the localized data and the difficulty to merge data with multiple semantics. On the contrary, our approach uses a topological model and provides an exact representation of GIS data, allowing an accurate geometrical exploitation. Moreover, our model can merge semantic information, even if spatially overlapping. In addition, the proposed IVGE contains spatial information which can be enhanced thanks to a geometric abstraction method. We illustrate this model with an application which automatically extracts the required data from standard GIS files and allows a user to navigate and retrieve information from the computed IVGE.

Geo-Network在区域可持续发展中的应用与前景

地理信息网络是最近几年随着计算机及网络技术的进步而迅速发展起来的信息网络系统。本文从地理学角度研究了地理信息网络在区域可持续发展研究中的应用，并展望了地理信息网络的研究前景。

基于GEO数据的精神分裂症差异表达基因分析

目的比较精神分裂症患者与正常人尸检脑组织基因水平上的表达差异,分析差异表达基因调控的功能通路。方法 GEO数据库下载精神分裂症患者与正常人的尸检脑组织转录组测序数据,通过整合生物信息方法分析显著差异表达基因,利用GO和KEGG pathway数据库分析基因富集的功能和参与的通路。结果鉴定到501个差异表达基因,GO功能显著富集30个GO条目,主要与神经系统发育、神经肽信号通路、胞内信号转导、突触调节、轴突末端、氯离子跨膜运输等神经系统功能相关; KEGG数据库共4个显著富集通路,涉及有丝分裂素激活蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号通路,3’-5’-环腺苷酸(c AMP)信号通路,硫中继系统,甘油磷脂代谢通路等。结论精神分裂症差异表达基因影响神经系统发育以及神经递质系统形成与信号传输。

Delineation of Potential Mineral Resources RegionBased on Geo-anomaly Unit

The geological anomaly unit method (GAUM) is a new way to delineate and evaluate ore finding targets in line with the “geological anomaly ore finding theory”. Comprehensive ore finding information from geological, geochemical and geophysical data is used for quantitative measurement of the “ore forming geological anomaly unit” in this paper. The main procedures are shown as follows: (1) The geo anomalous events associated with gold mineralization are analyzed in Tongshi gold field; (2) The zonation in the concentrated heavy minerals and the stream sediment elements of ore forming geo anomaly are studied in detail; (3) The deep geological structural framework is deduced by means of the synthetic geological interpretation of gravity and magnetic information; (4) The ore controlling geo anomalies and ore anomalies are chosen as the variables of the favorable ore forming indexes that can be used for the quantitative delineation and evaluation of the potential ore forming regions.

Application of GISto Geo-anomaly-Based Delineation of Mineral Resources

In this paper, the Dongchuan type copper deposits are taken as an example to illustrate the application of GIS to the geo anomaly based delineation of mineral resources. The following eight steps are listed in this paper to delineate the permissive and preferable ore finding areas: (1) the analysis of favorable prospecting index using linear and planar geo anomalies; (2) the analysis of favorable prospecting index using combined anomalies; (3) the construction of a GIS based spatial model for mineral prognosis; (4) the delineation of the permissive ore finding area; (5) the determination of the synthetic anomalies and numerical range for the prediction of the favorable prospecting areas, and the determination of the weights of these two variables; (6) the superimposition of all the selected anomalies and the construction of the superimposition map; (7) the determination of unifying criterion of favorable prospective areas at various levels, and (8) the delineation of favorable prospective areas. Finally, this paper offers a detailed discussion of the results in the forecasting of Dongchuan type copper deposits.

Geo-Agents: Design and Implement

Geo Agents, a multi agent system that processes distributed geospatial information and geospatial service was presented. Firstly, the requirement for distributed geographical information process was discussed, and the architecture of Geo Agents was introduced. Then in depth discussions were raised on agent system implementation, such as the basic agent, agent advertising, message passing, and collaborating. An example was also given to explain the problem solving process.

地质灾害易发性评价因子分级的AIFFC算法优化

针对地质灾害易发性评价因子分级数不确定的问题,引入自适应膨胀因子模糊覆盖分级方法(fuzzy cover approach for clustering based on adaptive inflation factor,AIFFC)对易发性评价因子分级进行优化。以湖南省湘乡市为研究区,提取了坡度、坡向、高程、年平均降雨量、归一化植被指数、道路、断层、岩性和土地利用9类评价因子,运用AIFFC及自然断点法(natural breakpoint classification,NBC)对连续型因子进行分级,并分别代入加权信息量模型和随机森林模型,获取研究区易发性区划图。采用单因子分级结果精度、灾积比分析和易发性分区结果对AIFFC分级法的优越性进行检验,结果表明:各因子采用AIFFC算法分级的AUC值均高于自然断点法;基于AIFFC的随机森林模型及加权信息量模型的高易发区灾积比分别提升了56.3%、74.6%,低易发区灾积比分别降低了48%、58.1%,AUC值分别提升了7.6%、2.7%。采用AIFFC分级方法优化了地质灾害易发性评价因子分级,显著提高了地质灾害易发性评价的合理性。

地理空间信息采集与处理备赛的探索与实践

全国职业院校技能大赛对提升教师教学实践能力和学生职业技能水平有积极的推动作用,在备战地理空间信息采集与处理赛项过程中,需要科学的理论及方法来支撑训练和比赛。为此,构建“一体三段六融合”备赛培养模型,通过对训练体系、关键要素进行提炼和总结来提高参赛选手职业技能水平,结合备赛过程中常见问题提出可行的应对策略并进行实践,取得了显著成效,可供测绘类竞赛提供参考。

平陆运河土石方多路径利用的基础问题与解决途径

平陆运河是西部地区陆海新通道骨干工程,其建设过程将产生涵盖23种岩土类型、成分杂且分布散的土石方约3.39×10^(8)m^(3),因而土石方资源化利用是建设平陆运河绿色工程的重要组成部分;正在实施的土石方利用途径以抬填造地为主(占50%以上),存在高品质的资源化利用率低、产品应用需求研究滞后、创新技术少、数字化程度低、碳排放评价缺失等基础问题,阻碍了平陆运河土石方的多路径高效利用。本文针对相关基础问题,着重从资源化、数字化、低碳化的角度出发,提出了平陆运河土石方利用创新解决途径:挖掘工程自身及周边地区的潜在应用需求,根据不同岩土的类型分别形成利用途径,实现多场景应用和多路径利用;构建开挖区土石方地质信息模型、土石方信息数据库等,形成土石方的数字化“挖-运-储-用”技术;建议针对多利用路径的碳排放进行生命周期评价,结合土石方数据库开展碳排放的动态评价,研发模块化移动式处置装备、原位利用技术以支持实现降本减碳。在平陆运河工程的现状基础上,资源化、数字化、低碳化的有机结合将为平陆运河绿色工程建设提供坚实支撑,也可为后续其他工程的土石方多路径利用提供技术参照。

巢湖流域景观格局和生态风险的时空分异特征

基于地形位梯度深入探究巢湖流域景观生态风险的分布特征,对于制定小流域生态风险规避措施和未来发展策略具有重要意义。采用景观格局指数和生态风险指数来展示研究区内景观格局和生态风险的演变机理,利用地形位指数和分布指数强化地貌描述,开展巢湖流域景观格局和生态风险的时空分异研究。结果表明:巢湖流域以低等级地形为主;在低、中低等级地形区内,人类活动干扰逐步增强,景观不规则程度加深;较低风险等级区对于高等级梯度空间具有更强的适应性,而高风险区域更多地分布于低等级地形位;景观生态风险等级变化中,以稳定型为绝对主导分布。巢湖流域在未来规划中要因地施策,注重水生态环境改善,严守生态红线,并防止过度扩张破坏生态。

城镇排水管网GIS数据校核技术与软件开发

地理信息系统(GIS)是“智慧水务”建设中常见数据库,由于数据库建立、维护等过程的失误,实际的排水管网GIS存在各类异常,这影响了排水管网运行分析、模拟、管理决策的准确性与有效性,故有必要研究排水管网GIS校核技术,以保证GIS数据质量。研究提出了构造拓扑信息算法,总结了拓扑、文本属性、数值属性等常见异常形式,并在此基础上针对各类数据提出通用校核方法,开发了集成排水管网GIS拓扑与属性校核技术以及可输出校核结果报告的软件平台,并将其用于校核Z市污水管网GIS。结果表明,该市排水管网GIS存在24 336条异常记录,经过校核67%以上的异常得到改善,表明这些校核技术可有效地检测与修复各类GIS异常。

我国测绘地理信息团体标准的发展现状与对策研究

团体标准是我国标准化体制改革产生的新生事物,已成为我国新型标准体系的重要组成部分。目前测绘地理信息团体标准化工作在我国刚刚起步,相关政策只是从宏观上提出对团体标准的鼓励和支持,具体措施和相关管理机制在操作层面上还鲜有明确规定,公众对于团体标准的认知和定位也存在一定的差异。在分析国际上两种主要标准化体制下团体标准定位与作用差异的基础上,梳理了我国新型标准体系中团体标准与国家标准、行业标准、地方标准的关系,剖析了我国测绘地理信息团体标准的发展现状与存在的问题,提出了相关发展对策与建议,为测绘地理信息团体标准的发展和管理工作提供了参考。

The new era for geo-information

Along with the forthcoming of Google Earth, Virtual Earth, the next generation of Internet, Web 2.0, grid computing and smart sensor web, comes the new era for geo-information. In this paper, main features of new geo-information era are discussed. This new era is characterized by these features： serviced users are extended from professionals to all public users, the users are data and information providers as well, geospatial data provided are no longer measurement-by-specification but measurement-on- demand through smart sensor web, and services are transferred from being data-driven to application- driven. Such problems as out-of-order issues in geographic data collection and information prolifer- ation, quality issues in geographic information updating, security issues in geographic information services, privacy issues in sharing geographic information and property issues in sharing geographic information, which are brought about by new geo-information era, especially those confronted in geo- information science and geo-spatial information industry, are analyzed. Then strategies concerning standards, planning, laws, technology and applications are proposed.

贵州省国土空间格局演变特征及其生态环境效应

基于贵州省1980、1990、2000、2010年及2020年5期土地利用现状遥感监测数据,运用集“空间-过程-属性”一体的地学信息图谱法,从水平、垂直及景观特征多视角及时序与空间双重维度揭示贵州省国土空间格局演变特征,并通过NDVI数据对其生态环境质量指数进行修正,探究其生态环境质量时空演变及改善或恶化情况,结果表明:1)40 a间,国土空间演变以稳定型、后期变化型为主,分别占55.3%、43.74%,不同空间类型具有明显的水平区域差异,并在西南、西北及中部等区域演变更为剧烈;2)垂直演变剧烈且具有明显的垂直阈值特征,特别是近10 a生产、生活空间在坡度、海拔较低区域(<15°、<1500 m)呈扩张趋势,而在坡度、海拔较高区域(>25°、>2000 m)呈萎缩趋势,生态空间与之相反,“山上山下”统筹布局更趋合理;3)景观异质性明显,特别是近10 a林地生态空间的干扰度及破碎度下降,而其余类空间干扰度、聚集度上升;4)40 a间整体生态环境质量呈双“V”形变化趋势,总体由东向西呈增长态势,而近10 a导致生态环境质量恶化的国土空间转化类型趋向多元,但生态环境质量改善最明显。研究结果可为贵州省未来合理规划国土空间、保护生态环境提供科学依据,也为其他地区提供一定借鉴。

西安市文化娱乐业空间结构演化规律与机制:对称与等级视角

文化娱乐业是城市经济转型发展与居民生活质量提升的重要载体。基于2010—2020年西安市文化娱乐业POI数据,运用地学信息图谱方法和时空地理加权回归模型,从对称和等级视角探讨西安市文化娱乐业空间结构演化规律,揭示空间结构形成机制。结果表明:2010—2020年西安市文化娱乐业由市中心区域向外围扩散,呈多中心化态势,其空间结构演化具有明显的对称与等级规律。各类型空间结构的形成是交通因素、人口因素、区域经济、商业区位、产业政策5个维度多种因子耦合作用的结果。基础型因子、发展型因子、辅助型因子分别通过供需机制、触发机制和强化机制作用于文化娱乐业热点的空间布局和区位选址。

跨区域协同项目管理系统的设计与实现——以长三角项目监测管理系统为例

近年来,以长三角区域一体化发展、京津冀协同发展、粤港澳大湾区建设为代表的区域发展战略加速推进,推动了大批跨区域的国家重大战略项目的建设和实施。为提高跨区域项目的建设和管理效率,亟须一套项目数字化管理方案,实现跨区域项目的统一、高效管理。本文针对跨区域项目业务条线复杂、管理主体多元、数据来源广等特点,提出了一套跨区域协同项目管理系统的设计方案,并具体应用到长三角生态绿色一体化发展示范区的项目管理工作中。实践证明,本文提出的设计方案能够有效满足跨区域协同项目管理的需求,对推进跨区域项目的数字化建设和协同管理具有重要作用。