The East African Community is a regional block that brings together Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi and South Sudan into various forms of economic partnership, the eventual dream being to achieve political fe...The East African Community is a regional block that brings together Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi and South Sudan into various forms of economic partnership, the eventual dream being to achieve political federation. The current activities within this community, plus the block’s further development, require the generation and sharing of much geo-information to support the attendant decision-making. Such geo-information can be best served through a harmonized cartographic service with common standards. Such a harmonized service is not only lacking, but even the status of the current national services is also largely unknown. This paper reports on a study undertaken to establish this status, as represented by twelve elements of a cartographic service that the authors are able to establish. Results of the study have shown that the present national services are characterized by inadequate basic datasets that remain largely analogue. In addition, there are non-uniform spatial reference systems, inadequate cartographic human resources and lack of common mapping standards;further, funding for mapping activities remains low in national budgets. Given that over 80% of decisions are influenced by geo-spatial data, these findings point to an urgent need to improve, harmonize and digitize these services as the way forward, if the East African Community is to remain globally competitive.展开更多
Along with the forthcoming of Google Earth, Virtual Earth, the next generation of Internet, Web 2.0, grid computing and smart sensor web, comes the new era for geo-information. In this paper, main features of new geo-...Along with the forthcoming of Google Earth, Virtual Earth, the next generation of Internet, Web 2.0, grid computing and smart sensor web, comes the new era for geo-information. In this paper, main features of new geo-information era are discussed. This new era is characterized by these features： serviced users are extended from professionals to all public users, the users are data and information providers as well, geospatial data provided are no longer measurement-by-specification but measurement-on- demand through smart sensor web, and services are transferred from being data-driven to application- driven. Such problems as out-of-order issues in geographic data collection and information prolifer- ation, quality issues in geographic information updating, security issues in geographic information services, privacy issues in sharing geographic information and property issues in sharing geographic information, which are brought about by new geo-information era, especially those confronted in geo- information science and geo-spatial information industry, are analyzed. Then strategies concerning standards, planning, laws, technology and applications are proposed.展开更多
OpenGIS 组织定义了用于将地理信息的交互与处理服务化的规范,但是按这些规范所构造的服务具有特殊性,难以和普通的 Web 服务进行交互并协同工作。本文通过扩展基于 SOA 架构的 Web 服务组合平台的体系架构,使得普通 Web 服务与处理地...OpenGIS 组织定义了用于将地理信息的交互与处理服务化的规范,但是按这些规范所构造的服务具有特殊性,难以和普通的 Web 服务进行交互并协同工作。本文通过扩展基于 SOA 架构的 Web 服务组合平台的体系架构,使得普通 Web 服务与处理地理信息的服务能够协调工作,并按符合 OpenGIS 规范的方式实现了在 Web 服务组合中对地理信息的集成与显示,在此基础上又对地理信息的一个重要应用——按位置组织服务进行研究,并探讨了多种服务组织方式间的统一操作接口问题。展开更多
文摘The East African Community is a regional block that brings together Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi and South Sudan into various forms of economic partnership, the eventual dream being to achieve political federation. The current activities within this community, plus the block’s further development, require the generation and sharing of much geo-information to support the attendant decision-making. Such geo-information can be best served through a harmonized cartographic service with common standards. Such a harmonized service is not only lacking, but even the status of the current national services is also largely unknown. This paper reports on a study undertaken to establish this status, as represented by twelve elements of a cartographic service that the authors are able to establish. Results of the study have shown that the present national services are characterized by inadequate basic datasets that remain largely analogue. In addition, there are non-uniform spatial reference systems, inadequate cartographic human resources and lack of common mapping standards;further, funding for mapping activities remains low in national budgets. Given that over 80% of decisions are influenced by geo-spatial data, these findings point to an urgent need to improve, harmonize and digitize these services as the way forward, if the East African Community is to remain globally competitive.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2004CB318206)
文摘Along with the forthcoming of Google Earth, Virtual Earth, the next generation of Internet, Web 2.0, grid computing and smart sensor web, comes the new era for geo-information. In this paper, main features of new geo-information era are discussed. This new era is characterized by these features： serviced users are extended from professionals to all public users, the users are data and information providers as well, geospatial data provided are no longer measurement-by-specification but measurement-on- demand through smart sensor web, and services are transferred from being data-driven to application- driven. Such problems as out-of-order issues in geographic data collection and information prolifer- ation, quality issues in geographic information updating, security issues in geographic information services, privacy issues in sharing geographic information and property issues in sharing geographic information, which are brought about by new geo-information era, especially those confronted in geo- information science and geo-spatial information industry, are analyzed. Then strategies concerning standards, planning, laws, technology and applications are proposed.
文摘OpenGIS 组织定义了用于将地理信息的交互与处理服务化的规范,但是按这些规范所构造的服务具有特殊性,难以和普通的 Web 服务进行交互并协同工作。本文通过扩展基于 SOA 架构的 Web 服务组合平台的体系架构,使得普通 Web 服务与处理地理信息的服务能够协调工作,并按符合 OpenGIS 规范的方式实现了在 Web 服务组合中对地理信息的集成与显示,在此基础上又对地理信息的一个重要应用——按位置组织服务进行研究,并探讨了多种服务组织方式间的统一操作接口问题。
