THE MANAGEMENT AND RESEARCH OF GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES USING GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM

Based on the combination of Geographical information system(GIS)with the research ofToponymy,some foundational problems of the Geographical Name Information System(GINS)are discussed in this paper.The present situation of Toponymical research is anal-ysed and the necessity of introducing the GIS tools to the research of Toponymy is demon-strated.The conceptual model of the GNIS and the structure of Geographical name Database(GND)are discussed.The basic functions of the GNIS software for management and re-search of geographical name are suggested.Some issues are stated such as the applicationand potential of the combination of GIS with CAD in the management and research of To-ponymy,the combination of GNIS with other spatial information system and sharing the in-formation with each other,the research and development of GNIS, etc.

Problems on the application of geographic information systems to urban environmental management

Geographic information systems (GIS) are a widely used tool in urban planning and management. More and more cities and decision-makers require its attributes of promptness, precision and visualization. But the application of GIS in urban environmental management is still a new field and relevant researches are getting on tardily. As a subsystem of GIS, an urban environmental management geographic information system (UEMGIS) should be a complex multi-discipline and multi-objective tool to perform quantitative multi-dimension analysis and to transfer the results into an expression legible to an ordinary user. It should be a dynamic system of prompt functions based on upgradable databases, and be composed of many subsystems respectively specialized in items about water, air, waste and noise as well as relative standards and regulations. However, existing UEMGISs mostly rely on the basic GIS too much to design the actual requirements of applications and managements in themselves, and the unavailability of sufficient fundamental data has retarded their improvement. In the design of a UEMGIS, the standardization of data classification should be taken into consideration to make the data exchangeable and shareable among its subsystems and within every subsystem, and the applicable error limits for input data should be defined in accordance with the user抯 required precision of data out. Data acquisition can be easy and quick if remote sensing, global positioning system (GPS) and other technologies are combined with GIS. Rapidly progressing information technologies have been giving a bright prospect for the melioration of UEMGIS that will have great potential and wide application in environmental conservation.

Contribution of Geographic Information Systems for the Management of Water Resources： Case of Groundwater Resources of the Plain of Mascara （Algeria）

The plain of Mascara includes groundwater resources, heavily exploited for the needs of the population, industry and agriculture. However, this resource is under threat from the point of view of quality and quantity. The degradation of water quality comes from water discharges untreated （domestic and/or industrial） and from the irrational use of fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture. The decrease in reserves is due to the effects of intensive exploitation. Several studies on the water resources of the plain generated a mass of very important data. In most cases, these data are disparate at different institutions managers （water resources, environment, etc.）, and are found recorded in paper documents, difficult to exploit. For this reason, it would be essential to use reliable new techniques, namely the GIS （geographic information systems）. The implementation of the GIS of the plain of Mascara （with extension to all the sub-basin of Wadi Fekan） must permit to organize the data and transform it into information. Integration, crossing and superposition of the data with other variables may contribute to spatial analysis and generate very important thematic maps. The GIS constitutes a very effective decision aid tool for the management, exploitation, preservation and protection of water resources. The exploitation possibilities of GIS are multiple, direct or indirect. We give an example as the coupling with a groundwater flow model that may be the subject of additional work.

Management of Colorado potato beetle in invasive frontier areas

Colorado potato beetle(CPB)is one of the most devastating invasive insects and it is native to North America.It feeds on several wild species of the genus Solamum,such as S.elaeagnifolium and S.rostratum Dunal,and is one of the major pests of potato and eggplant.Beginning in the early 19 th century,CPB has rapidly spread across North America,Europe,and Central Asia.CPB was first reported to invade Xinjiang of China in 1993 and it was effectively controlled in Mori County.Since 2013,CPB has also been found in Jilin and Heilongjiang in Northeast China,and it likely migrated to these provinces from Russia.Thus,China has become the frontier for the global CPB spread,and risk management and monitoring systems for this pest are urgently needed.Here,we summarize pest management methods that are used in areas at the frontier of the CPB invasion,and put forward frameworks for further preventing and controlling of the spread of CPB.The management methods for CPB can also serve as an example for the control of invasive species mitigation in frontier areas.

Constrction of watershed flood disastermanagement information system and its application to the catastrophic flood of theYangtze River in 1998

This paper introduces a general method of establishing Watershed Flooding Disaster Management Information System (WFDMIS). The functions, database, models, user interface, software and hardware are considered. An application example in Poyang Lake Basin was given.

Technology and Its Application:MIS with Geographical Inform ation

Despite the constant expansion of the application of GIS, in recent ye ars, the data processing ability of the application system developed with GIS_To ol is quite limited. Management information system with the geographical informa tion can not only be used to deal with data commonly, but also deal with digitiz ed maps as GIS_Tool does. Thus it can help the user develop an application syste m high qualified both in maps and traditional data. This paper, by taking the method of integrated MapInfo in the application of Vis ual Basic as an example, mainly illustrates two technological problems integrat ed map technology and the multiuserization of MapInfo geographical information. And also the concrete solutions to the problems are provided.

Development of Management System for Regional Pollution Source Based on SuperMap Objects

Based on the integration of C#.net and SuperMap Objects(tool software of component GIS),the management system of regional pollution source is developed.It mainly includes the demand analysis of system,function design,database construction,program design and concrete realization in the management aspect of pollution source.

A Numerical Solution for the Integrated Analysis of Water Resources Management: Application to the Mero River Watershed, La Coruña, Spain

This research is concerned with new developments and practical applications of a physically-based numerical model that incorporates new approaches for a finite elements solution to the steady/transient problems of the joint ground/surface water flows. Python scripts are implemented in Geographic Information System (GIS) to store, represent and take decisions on the simulated conditions related to the water resources management at the scale of the watershed. The proposed surface-subsurface model considers surface and groundwater interactions to be 2-D horizontally distributed and depth-averaged through a diffusive wave approach for surface flood routing. Infiltration rates, overland flows and evapotranspiration processes are considered by a diffuse discharge from surface water, non-saturated subsoil and groundwater table. Recent developments also allow for the management of surface water flow control through the capacity of diversion on river beds, spillways and outflow operations of floodgates in weirs and dams of reservoirs. Practical application regards the actual hydrology of the Mero River watershed, with two important water bodies mainly concerned with the water resources management at the Cecebre Reservoir and the present flooding of a deep coal mining excavation. The MELEF model (Modèle d’éLéments Fluides, in French) was adapted and calibrated during a period of five years (2008/ 2012) with the help of hydrological parameters, registered flow rates, water levels and registered precipitation, water uses and water management operations in surface and groundwater bodies. The results predict the likely evolution of the Cecebre Reservoir, the flow rates in rivers, the flooding of the Meirama open pit and the local water balances for different hydrological components.

Managing Road Maintenance Using Geographic Information System Application

The development and economic growth of a nation is closely related to its available transportation system. Good and efficient road transport infrastructure facilities will promote industrial and socio-economic development. To provide safety and comfort to road users, a comprehensive road maintenance schedule must be formulated and adopted to ensure those roads are in good condition at all times. Preventive maintenance works, such as road rehabilitation will help to reduce the major road repairs and expenditure. Prior to this, a good database, gathered through GIS will be necessary in order to ensure maintenance is done effectively. Geographic Information System (GIS) is said to be one of the useful tools that can be utilized to manage database in road maintenance engineering. This system is capable of storing, managing, analyzing, computing and displaying all forms of geographical data for road maintenance works. In this study, the author has adopted GIS application software – ArcView, and has reviewed and analyzed its effectiveness in managing road database. These data are then used to assist the management to ensure effective and systematic road maintenance. A typical model of roads in Penang, Malaysia is used as a case study to further clarify the application of GIS in road maintenance.

Establishment of management information system for SARS surveillance and control in Shaanxi province of China

Objective: To develop the management information system for SARS surveillance and control in Shaanxi province of China responding to the urgent needs for preventing and curing SARS disease. Methods: Based on geographic information system technology, the management information system for SARS disease in Shaanxi province of China was established using "SuperMap Objects 3.0" GIS development platform and Delphi 7.0.Results: The following functions were implemented in the system: the real-time collection and monitoring, management and analysis, dissemination of SARS disease information, and assistant decision-making support for prevention against SARS disease. Conclusion: The system that integrates epidemiology theories and GIS techniques together can provide a scientific, efficient means for monitoring, prevention of SARS disease in the future.

GIS Based Management System for Photovoltaic Panels

This paper provides a proposal of implementation of latest technologies in photovoltaic installation and management system. Punjab Government Cooperative Housing Society was selected to find out suitability for photovoltaic installation and its management after that. Google Earth imagery and scanned maps were selected for the preparation of spatial and attribute data of buildings in the study area by using ArcGIS software. In first stage data were digitized and suitability and potential for each building were estimated. In second stage all the tabular data which consisted of owner information, panel information, its potential and location were linked to each other for management purpose. Selected area for solar panels installation was linked to building information for query and visualization.

Management Implications of Aquifer Fractures on Ecosystem and Habitat Suitability for Panthers in Southern Florida

Our case study analyzed the proximity of previously mapped fractures in the aquifer matrix to 93 Florida panther (Puma concolor coryi) dens mapped from 2007-2016 in south Florida. Dens occurred in five counties (Collier = 77, Dade = 1, Hendry = 9, Lee = 5, and Monroe = 1) and three sub-basins of the Greater Everglades Basin (Big Cypress Swamp = 83, Caloosahatchee = 3, and Everglades = 7). Fractured aquifers occur worldwide, but are not the focus of habitat suitability studies, despite evidence that fractures influence plant species composition and density. Habitat alterations can occur many kilometers from the surface footprint of groundwater alterations in the regional Floridan aquifer system via preferential flow through fractures. Increased natural discharge from and recharge to the aquifer occur at fracture intersections. Greater induced recharge and habitat changes also may occur at fracture intersections. All dens were within 5 km of a previously mapped fracture;36% and 74% were within 1 km and 2 km, respectively, of those fractures;and 47%, 74%, and 90% of dens were within 2 km, 3.25 km and 5 km, respectively, from the nearest fracture intersection. Results suggest fractures influence the suitability and/or availability of habitat for panther dens, selection of den sites, and availability as well as abundance of high quality prey items essential for the nutritional demands of successfully rearing panther kittens in the wild. We recommend more detailed investigations of: a) vegetation characteristics near dens, b) groundwater alterations and cumulative impacts of those alterations associated with fractures in panther habitat (e.g., altered plant species composition and density), and c) influence of aquifer fractures in all habitats underlain by fractures.

A Decision Support System Web—Application for the Management of Forest Road Network

The present study contributes to the development of an online FRMP(Forest Road Management Platform)that aims to assist in the management of forest road network in a holistic way.This is achieved by the proposed methodology which serves as a database using geoprocessing and geospatial technologies for the handling,and the identification of critical issues in the infrastructure of forest road networks,visualization of forest roads,and the optimization of the management of the forest road network by proposing alternative strategies.In this paper,the development of the decision making web-tool,and presented examples to demonstrate effectively its application and resulting advantages are described.The developed web-application may provide assistance to various forest organizations in the management of forest road networks and associated problems in an effective and sustainable way.

Review of the Water Footprint Project within Geographically Delineated Area

During the last decade, there has been an intensive research activity concerning the concept of the Water Footprint （WF） approach, which was firstly introduced by Arjen Hoekstra in 2002. WF is an indicator of direct and indirect freshwater use of a consumer or producer that takes into account water consumption in every step （intermediate and final） along the production chain and services. The concept can be implemented in various levels such as products, consumers, producers, nations and river basins etc.. The water footprint within a geographically delineated area equals the sum of the process water footprints of all processes taking place in the area. The aim of current research is a review of the most important WF studies, with a special focus on applications within regional, basin and administrative unit level. National and global scales are not included in the current paper. The article presents the most widespread methodologies and approaches that attempt to evaluate water footprints of specific defined areas and highlights their recent advances as well as shortcomings in the constantly evolving research efforts.

Development of an Integrated System to Enhance Spatial Data Processing & Management for Planning Authorities

In a world where there is constant data generation and processing, the need for an integrated system cannot be overemphasized. The systems that enable storage of large amounts of spatial data and must be made available to multiple users in real time. Studies have shown that standalone desktop spatial systems are often rigid and inflexible to support multiple data processing or demands from multiple users. The integrated spatial management system was designed to address the above highlighted challenges by bringing enhanced possibilities of utilization of spatial data though improving accessibility, visualization, and processing spatial information. The present work employed a mixed approach of qualitative and quantitative techniques to obtain the desired result. Qualitative data collection tools were used to collect field data required to design the prototype. The research sought to establish whether the integrated systems are in use by the targeted institutions, the findings highlighted that 71.4% have no integrated spatial data systems while 28.6% have partial-integrated systems. An overview of the architecture of integrated spatial systems consists of a well distributed database linked to multiple tools and platforms to query both the spatial and non-spatial data. The WEB-GIS and Mobile GIS interfaces were developed to allow multiple users to access information through the web in real time and data collection, respectively.

An Overview of Power System Emergency Management in China

The emergency management of power systems in China is reviewed in this paper.The current situation of emergency management is given firstly,then the organization system,warning and plan,emergency headquarter,and emergency power supply are separately discussed in theory and in practice.The advantages and disadvantages in the emergency management are also analyzed.

Geographic Information System Application for Water Supply System:A Case Study in Paphos,Cyprus

Geographic Information Systems(GIS) can be successfully introduced as a tool to manage water system infrastructures.This technology was taken into consideration after the local authorities’ estimation for almost 30%losses in the water distribution networks in cities.The major issue of water shortage in

The Management and Research of Geographical Names Using Geographical In for mation System

Based on the combination of Geographical information system(GIS)with the research of Toponymy,me foundational problems of the Geographical Name information System(GNIS)are discussed in this paper.The present situation of Toponymical research is analysed and the necessity of introducing the GIS tools to the research of Toponymy is demonstrated.THe conceptual model of the GNIS and the structure of Geographical name Database(GND)are discussed. The basic fucntions of the GNIS software for management and research of geographical name are suggested.Some issues are stated such as the application and potential of the combination of GNIS with other spatial informaion system and sharing the information with each other,the research and development of GNIS,etc.

基于地理信息系统的物流与供应链管理对策分析

随着全球化发展愈发深入,市场竞争也越来越激烈了,企业的产品制造和信息处理这两大环节以及现代通信技术的集成和柔性管理将成为未来的重要发展趋势。物流与供应链管理在现代商业领域中扮演着至关重要的角色。地理信息系统(GIS)作为一种强大的工具,可以为物流与供应链管理提供全面的支持和优化。文章旨在探讨并分析基于地理信息系统的物流与供应链管理对策,通过对地理信息系统在物流与供应链管理中的应用情况进行研究和分析,提出相应的对策,以帮助企业提高物流与供应链管理的效率和效益。

多源地理产品数据的元数据统一设计与采集管理技术

面向多源地理产品数据管理应用的需求,明确了本文讨论的地理产品数据的范畴,分析了地理产品数据的存储组织及应用特点。基于存储组织需求,统一设计了数据大类小类两级分类目录及类别编码,设计了地理数据产品的元数据采集规范。提出了数据集-数据单元两级元数据的设计理念以便满足不同数据粒度的管理需求,分别设计了数据集元数据和数据单元元数据的详细组成,统一设计了空间地理产品数据与非空间地理产品数据的元数据,明确了数据集目录和数据单元的命名原则。设计并实现了能够自动采集多源地理产品元数据的软件,实现了基于统一元数据设计的数据管理软件。结果表明,这种方法能够满足用户对多源地理产品数据的统一存储组织、多粒度管理、高效便捷检索等需求。