National and international programs dealing with spatial data infrastructures(SDI)made it possible to compile a uniform digital base and a universal toolkit for the integrated description of territories on global to n...National and international programs dealing with spatial data infrastructures(SDI)made it possible to compile a uniform digital base and a universal toolkit for the integrated description of territories on global to national scales.Atlas information systems(AIS)are considered to be an integrating tool for diverse information resources(modelling,visualisation and analysis),as well as for the elaboration of various scenarios and the possible development of alternatives for such complex systems as those of nature-society-economy.As there is an increased use of digital maps at spatial data infrastructures all aspects related to geographical names are of particular importance in this application of AIS to SDI.It is important to realise a toponymic project,dealing with place-names and their variants depending on the language and time period when a specific place-name was used.The layer of geographical names is considered to be one of the three most important data components of AIS.展开更多
With the arising global awareness of the ocean,relevant countries are competing to name the discovered undersea features at the international seabed areas in recent years.The Sub-Committee on Undersea Feature Names（S...With the arising global awareness of the ocean,relevant countries are competing to name the discovered undersea features at the international seabed areas in recent years.The Sub-Committee on Undersea Feature Names（SCUFN）is a joint organization under the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization and the展开更多
Geographical names or toponyms in Beijing boast a long history,distinctive characteristics,and rich cultural connotations and humanistic values,thus the toponymic culture protection in Beijing is of great significance...Geographical names or toponyms in Beijing boast a long history,distinctive characteristics,and rich cultural connotations and humanistic values,thus the toponymic culture protection in Beijing is of great significance.Based on the results of the Second National Census of Geographical Names in Beijing,this paper summarizes the characteristics of geographical names in Beijing and their distribution pattern presented in maps,and puts forward suggestions for protecting the toponymic culture.展开更多
Spot elevations published on historical U.S.Geological Survey topographic maps were established as needed to enhance information imparted by the quadrangle’s contours.In addition to other features,labels were routine...Spot elevations published on historical U.S.Geological Survey topographic maps were established as needed to enhance information imparted by the quadrangle’s contours.In addition to other features,labels were routinely placed on mountain summits.While some elevations were established through field survey triangulation,many were computed during photogrammetric stereo-compilation.Today,Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)receivers have replaced expensive triangulation methods.However,since GNSS measurements require visiting the feature location,a national dataset containing high-accuracy spot elevations has not yet been created.Consequently,modern U.S.Topo maps are devoid of mountain peak or other spot elevations.Still,topographic map users continue to demand the display of spot heights.Therefore,a pilot study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of automatically generating elevation values at named U.S.summits using available elevation data.The devised method uses an uphill stepping technique to find the most likely highest point in subsequently higher-resolution elevation models.Resulting elevation values are compared to other published sources.Results from 196 summits indicate that values derived from lidar are generally higher,whereas those populated from the one-third arcsecond USGS Seamless 3DEP elevation dataset are generally lower.A thorough understanding of these relationships require the evaluation of more points.展开更多
文摘National and international programs dealing with spatial data infrastructures(SDI)made it possible to compile a uniform digital base and a universal toolkit for the integrated description of territories on global to national scales.Atlas information systems(AIS)are considered to be an integrating tool for diverse information resources(modelling,visualisation and analysis),as well as for the elaboration of various scenarios and the possible development of alternatives for such complex systems as those of nature-society-economy.As there is an increased use of digital maps at spatial data infrastructures all aspects related to geographical names are of particular importance in this application of AIS to SDI.It is important to realise a toponymic project,dealing with place-names and their variants depending on the language and time period when a specific place-name was used.The layer of geographical names is considered to be one of the three most important data components of AIS.
基金Project of Mineral Exploration and Exploitation in the Area(DY135-ZC-01)support by COMRA
文摘With the arising global awareness of the ocean,relevant countries are competing to name the discovered undersea features at the international seabed areas in recent years.The Sub-Committee on Undersea Feature Names（SCUFN）is a joint organization under the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization and the
文摘Geographical names or toponyms in Beijing boast a long history,distinctive characteristics,and rich cultural connotations and humanistic values,thus the toponymic culture protection in Beijing is of great significance.Based on the results of the Second National Census of Geographical Names in Beijing,this paper summarizes the characteristics of geographical names in Beijing and their distribution pattern presented in maps,and puts forward suggestions for protecting the toponymic culture.
文摘Spot elevations published on historical U.S.Geological Survey topographic maps were established as needed to enhance information imparted by the quadrangle’s contours.In addition to other features,labels were routinely placed on mountain summits.While some elevations were established through field survey triangulation,many were computed during photogrammetric stereo-compilation.Today,Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)receivers have replaced expensive triangulation methods.However,since GNSS measurements require visiting the feature location,a national dataset containing high-accuracy spot elevations has not yet been created.Consequently,modern U.S.Topo maps are devoid of mountain peak or other spot elevations.Still,topographic map users continue to demand the display of spot heights.Therefore,a pilot study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of automatically generating elevation values at named U.S.summits using available elevation data.The devised method uses an uphill stepping technique to find the most likely highest point in subsequently higher-resolution elevation models.Resulting elevation values are compared to other published sources.Results from 196 summits indicate that values derived from lidar are generally higher,whereas those populated from the one-third arcsecond USGS Seamless 3DEP elevation dataset are generally lower.A thorough understanding of these relationships require the evaluation of more points.
