Big Earth Data has experienced a considerable increase in volume in recent years due to improved sensing technologies and improvement of numerical-weather prediction models.The traditional geospatial data analysis wor...Big Earth Data has experienced a considerable increase in volume in recent years due to improved sensing technologies and improvement of numerical-weather prediction models.The traditional geospatial data analysis workflow hinders the use of large volumes of geospatial data due to limited disc space and computing capacity.Geospatial web service technologies bring new opportunities to access large volumes of Big Earth Data via the Internet and to process them at server-side.Four practical examples are presented from the marine,climate,planetary and earth observation science communities to show how the standard interface Web Coverage Service and its processing extension can be integrated into the traditional geospatial data workflow.Web service technologies offer a time-and cost-effective way to access multidimensional data in a user-tailored format and allow for rapid application development or time-series extraction.Data transport is minimised and enhanced processing capabilities are offered.More research is required to investigate web service implementations in an operational mode and large data centres have to become more progressive towards the adoption of geo-data standard interfaces.At the same time,data users have to become aware of the advantages of web services and be trained how to benefit from them most.展开更多
A geospatial cyberinfrastructure is needed to support advanced GIScience research and education activities.However,the heterogeneous and distributed nature of geospatial resources creates enormous obstacles for buildi...A geospatial cyberinfrastructure is needed to support advanced GIScience research and education activities.However,the heterogeneous and distributed nature of geospatial resources creates enormous obstacles for building a unified and interoperable geospatial cyberinfrastructure.In this paper,we propose the Geospatial Service Web(GSW)to underpin the development of a future geospatial cyberinfrastructure.The GSW excels over the traditional spatial data infrastructure by providing a highly intelligent geospatial middleware to integrate various geospatial resources through the Internet based on interoperable Web service technologies.The development of the GSW focuses on the establishment of a platform where data,information,and knowledge can be shared and exchanged in an interoperable manner.Theoretically,we describe the conceptual framework and research challenges for GSW,and then introduce our recent research toward building a GSW.A research agenda for building a GSW is also presented in the paper.展开更多
In recent years,Representational State Transfer(REST)has been proposed as the architectural style for the World Wide Web.REST promises of scalability and simple deployment of Web Services seem to be particularly appea...In recent years,Representational State Transfer(REST)has been proposed as the architectural style for the World Wide Web.REST promises of scalability and simple deployment of Web Services seem to be particularly appealing for Earth and Space Science(ESS)applications.In fact,most of the available solutions for geospatial data sharing,applying standard interoperability specifications,require complex service-oriented infrastructures;these are powerful and extensible environments,but they usually result in difficult to deploy and manage for ESS research teams.Thus,ESS researchers would gain great benefit from an easy way of sharing geo-information using the international interoperability standards.The variety and complexity of geo-information sharing services poses several architectural issues;in fact these services encompass sensor planning and observation,coverages and features publication and retrieving,models and simulations running,data citation and annotation.Consequently,the adoption of a specific architectural style must be carefully evaluated against these specific requirements.In this work we analyse the existing geospatial services from an architectural perspective and investigate their possible RESTful implementation.Particular attention is paid to the OGC Web Coverage Service(WCS).Possible benefits and drawbacks,along with open issues and possible solutions are discussed.Our investigation suggests that REST may fit well to the typical ESS research usage cases.However,the architectural choice(e.g.Simple Object Access Protocol(SOAP)vs REST)will depend on a case-by-case analysis.Other important factors must be considered,such as the application context:a valuable example in point are the e-Business and e-Government application scenarios which require message based solutions-like those implemented by SOAP.In any case,there is a clear need for harmonization and reconciliation of these two approaches.展开更多
基金the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme research and innovation agreement[grant number 654367]。
文摘Big Earth Data has experienced a considerable increase in volume in recent years due to improved sensing technologies and improvement of numerical-weather prediction models.The traditional geospatial data analysis workflow hinders the use of large volumes of geospatial data due to limited disc space and computing capacity.Geospatial web service technologies bring new opportunities to access large volumes of Big Earth Data via the Internet and to process them at server-side.Four practical examples are presented from the marine,climate,planetary and earth observation science communities to show how the standard interface Web Coverage Service and its processing extension can be integrated into the traditional geospatial data workflow.Web service technologies offer a time-and cost-effective way to access multidimensional data in a user-tailored format and allow for rapid application development or time-series extraction.Data transport is minimised and enhanced processing capabilities are offered.More research is required to investigate web service implementations in an operational mode and large data centres have to become more progressive towards the adoption of geo-data standard interfaces.At the same time,data users have to become aware of the advantages of web services and be trained how to benefit from them most.
基金This work is jointly supported by National Basic Research Program of China(Nos.2012CB719906 and 2011CB707105)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41023001,40801153 and 40901190).
文摘A geospatial cyberinfrastructure is needed to support advanced GIScience research and education activities.However,the heterogeneous and distributed nature of geospatial resources creates enormous obstacles for building a unified and interoperable geospatial cyberinfrastructure.In this paper,we propose the Geospatial Service Web(GSW)to underpin the development of a future geospatial cyberinfrastructure.The GSW excels over the traditional spatial data infrastructure by providing a highly intelligent geospatial middleware to integrate various geospatial resources through the Internet based on interoperable Web service technologies.The development of the GSW focuses on the establishment of a platform where data,information,and knowledge can be shared and exchanged in an interoperable manner.Theoretically,we describe the conceptual framework and research challenges for GSW,and then introduce our recent research toward building a GSW.A research agenda for building a GSW is also presented in the paper.
文摘In recent years,Representational State Transfer(REST)has been proposed as the architectural style for the World Wide Web.REST promises of scalability and simple deployment of Web Services seem to be particularly appealing for Earth and Space Science(ESS)applications.In fact,most of the available solutions for geospatial data sharing,applying standard interoperability specifications,require complex service-oriented infrastructures;these are powerful and extensible environments,but they usually result in difficult to deploy and manage for ESS research teams.Thus,ESS researchers would gain great benefit from an easy way of sharing geo-information using the international interoperability standards.The variety and complexity of geo-information sharing services poses several architectural issues;in fact these services encompass sensor planning and observation,coverages and features publication and retrieving,models and simulations running,data citation and annotation.Consequently,the adoption of a specific architectural style must be carefully evaluated against these specific requirements.In this work we analyse the existing geospatial services from an architectural perspective and investigate their possible RESTful implementation.Particular attention is paid to the OGC Web Coverage Service(WCS).Possible benefits and drawbacks,along with open issues and possible solutions are discussed.Our investigation suggests that REST may fit well to the typical ESS research usage cases.However,the architectural choice(e.g.Simple Object Access Protocol(SOAP)vs REST)will depend on a case-by-case analysis.Other important factors must be considered,such as the application context:a valuable example in point are the e-Business and e-Government application scenarios which require message based solutions-like those implemented by SOAP.In any case,there is a clear need for harmonization and reconciliation of these two approaches.
