Granule size distribution of wheat starch is an important characteristic that can affect its chemical composition and the functionality of wheat products. Two high-yield winter wheat cultivars were used to evaluate th...Granule size distribution of wheat starch is an important characteristic that can affect its chemical composition and the functionality of wheat products. Two high-yield winter wheat cultivars were used to evaluate the effects of the application of exogenous ABA or GA during the reproductive phase of the initial grain filling on starch granule size distribution and starch components in grains at maturity. The results indicated that a bimodal curve was found in the volume and surface area distribution of grain starch granules, and a unimodal curve was observed for the number distribution under all treatments. The exogenous ABA resulted in a significant increase in the proportions （both by volume and by surface area） of B-type （〈9.9 Ixm in diameter） starch granules, with a reduction in those of A-type （〉9.9 ~tm） starch granules, while, the exogenous GA3 led to converse effects on size distribution of those starch granules. The exogenous ABA also increased starch, amylose and amylopectin contents at maturity but significantly reduced the ratio of amylose to amylopectin. Application of GA3 significantly reduced starch content, amylopectin content but increased the ratio of amylose to amylopectin. The ratio of amylose to amylopectin showed a significant and negative relationship with the volume proportion of granules 〈9.9 μm, but was positively related to the volume proportion of granules 22.8-42.8 μm.展开更多
Separately, it is well-documented that phytochromes (phys), gibberellin (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) strongly control the seed germination in tomato. However, we hipothesized that phys interact with GA or ABA during t...Separately, it is well-documented that phytochromes (phys), gibberellin (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) strongly control the seed germination in tomato. However, we hipothesized that phys interact with GA or ABA during this response. Thus, we make an analysis of seed germination of ABA deficient (sit), GA constitutive response (pro), phytochrome deficient (au) mutants as well as, specially, au sit and au pro double mutants of tomato?incubated in the dark or light conditions during 120 h [12 h intervals (i)]. Compared to au, which severely?reduced percentage germination (Gi%) and pro, which did not alter Gi%, au pro showed in the light enhanced Gi% and germination speed index (GSI) besides the reduced average germination time (AGT). Moreover, in the dark, germination of au pro was similar to pro. These results indicate that the mechanisms by which GA modulate germination in tomato are light dependent through the phy signaling, whereas intermediary values of Gi%, GSI and AGT in dark and light of au sit compared to au and sit single mutants indicate an additive effect of the au and sit mutations, suggesting that ABA and phy may act through the parallel signaling pathway.展开更多
建立了固相萃取-高效液相色谱法同时测定植物根际促生菌发酵产物中吲哚-3-乙酸、赤霉素和玉米素3种植物激素含量的方法。固相萃取采用Agilent Bond Elut C18固相萃取柱,6 mL甲醇+6 mL 10%甲醇活化;以5 mL 10%甲醇淋洗2次;以5mL 80%甲醇...建立了固相萃取-高效液相色谱法同时测定植物根际促生菌发酵产物中吲哚-3-乙酸、赤霉素和玉米素3种植物激素含量的方法。固相萃取采用Agilent Bond Elut C18固相萃取柱,6 mL甲醇+6 mL 10%甲醇活化;以5 mL 10%甲醇淋洗2次;以5mL 80%甲醇洗脱2次。采用Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18色谱柱(250×4.6mm,5μm)分离,流动相采用体积比为2∶3的甲醇-水(含0.2%冰乙酸)二元混合溶剂,流速为1mL·min^(-1),柱温为30℃,进样量为20μL,检测波长为210nm。结果表明:10株供试菌株发酵产物中均能检测到3种植物激素,除菌株003NXZ4外,其余菌株均呈现出玉米素含量最高,赤霉素次之,吲哚-3-乙酸含量最低的趋势。3种植物激素在12min内分离完全,样品的加标回收率达90.3%~104.3%,相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.04%~2.98%之间。该方法简便、准确,可同时检测植物根际促生菌发酵产物中吲哚-3-乙酸、赤霉素和玉米素3种植物激素含量。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31271661, 30871477)the National Basic Program of China (2009CB118602)the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest of China (201203100)
文摘Granule size distribution of wheat starch is an important characteristic that can affect its chemical composition and the functionality of wheat products. Two high-yield winter wheat cultivars were used to evaluate the effects of the application of exogenous ABA or GA during the reproductive phase of the initial grain filling on starch granule size distribution and starch components in grains at maturity. The results indicated that a bimodal curve was found in the volume and surface area distribution of grain starch granules, and a unimodal curve was observed for the number distribution under all treatments. The exogenous ABA resulted in a significant increase in the proportions （both by volume and by surface area） of B-type （〈9.9 Ixm in diameter） starch granules, with a reduction in those of A-type （〉9.9 ~tm） starch granules, while, the exogenous GA3 led to converse effects on size distribution of those starch granules. The exogenous ABA also increased starch, amylose and amylopectin contents at maturity but significantly reduced the ratio of amylose to amylopectin. Application of GA3 significantly reduced starch content, amylopectin content but increased the ratio of amylose to amylopectin. The ratio of amylose to amylopectin showed a significant and negative relationship with the volume proportion of granules 〈9.9 μm, but was positively related to the volume proportion of granules 22.8-42.8 μm.
文摘Separately, it is well-documented that phytochromes (phys), gibberellin (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) strongly control the seed germination in tomato. However, we hipothesized that phys interact with GA or ABA during this response. Thus, we make an analysis of seed germination of ABA deficient (sit), GA constitutive response (pro), phytochrome deficient (au) mutants as well as, specially, au sit and au pro double mutants of tomato?incubated in the dark or light conditions during 120 h [12 h intervals (i)]. Compared to au, which severely?reduced percentage germination (Gi%) and pro, which did not alter Gi%, au pro showed in the light enhanced Gi% and germination speed index (GSI) besides the reduced average germination time (AGT). Moreover, in the dark, germination of au pro was similar to pro. These results indicate that the mechanisms by which GA modulate germination in tomato are light dependent through the phy signaling, whereas intermediary values of Gi%, GSI and AGT in dark and light of au sit compared to au and sit single mutants indicate an additive effect of the au and sit mutations, suggesting that ABA and phy may act through the parallel signaling pathway.
文摘建立了固相萃取-高效液相色谱法同时测定植物根际促生菌发酵产物中吲哚-3-乙酸、赤霉素和玉米素3种植物激素含量的方法。固相萃取采用Agilent Bond Elut C18固相萃取柱,6 mL甲醇+6 mL 10%甲醇活化;以5 mL 10%甲醇淋洗2次;以5mL 80%甲醇洗脱2次。采用Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18色谱柱(250×4.6mm,5μm)分离,流动相采用体积比为2∶3的甲醇-水(含0.2%冰乙酸)二元混合溶剂,流速为1mL·min^(-1),柱温为30℃,进样量为20μL,检测波长为210nm。结果表明:10株供试菌株发酵产物中均能检测到3种植物激素,除菌株003NXZ4外,其余菌株均呈现出玉米素含量最高,赤霉素次之,吲哚-3-乙酸含量最低的趋势。3种植物激素在12min内分离完全,样品的加标回收率达90.3%~104.3%,相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.04%~2.98%之间。该方法简便、准确,可同时检测植物根际促生菌发酵产物中吲哚-3-乙酸、赤霉素和玉米素3种植物激素含量。
