Effects of Ginkgo Leaf Extract on Function of Dendritic Cells and Th1/Th2 Cytokines in Patients with Unstable Angina Pectoris

Objective： To investigate the effects of Ginkgo leaf extract （GLE） on function of dendritic cells （DO） and Th1/Th2 cytokines in patients with unstable angina pectoris（UAP）. Methods： Fifty-four patients with UAP were equally assigned into two groups, the treated group and the control group, both treated with conventional Western medicine, but with GLE given additionally to the treated group. Blood of all patients was taken before and 4 weeks after treatment to prepare the peripheral mononuclear cells, then which were incubated in the completed medium containing granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulatory factor （GMCSF） and interleukin-4 （IL-4） to induce mature DO. The expression of co-stimulating factor CD86 （B7-2） on the surface of DC was detected by flow cytometry, and the stimulating capacity of DC was determined by mixed lymphocyte reaction （MLR）. The blood levels of cytokines, interferon-γ （IFN-γ）, and IL-4, were analyzed by ELISA, and blood C-reactive protein （CRP） level by turbidimetry. Moreover, the direct effect of Ginkgolide B on CD86 expression on DO were also tested in vitro. Results： After treatment, CD86 expression on DO, the stimulating capacity of DO as well as levels of IFN-γ and ORP were lowered in both groups （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）, but the changes were much more significant in the treated group than those in the control group. Ginkgolide B showed a direct inhibitory effect on the CD86 expression on DO. Conclusion： The inhibition of GLE on DO and thereby the suppression on inflammatory reaction may be one of the mechanisms of GLE in treating patients with UAP.

Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Armillariella Mellea Powders Oral(银杏蜜环口服溶液) attenuates inflammation of microglia in habenular nucleus through CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis in post stroke depression

OBJECTIVE The Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Armillariella Mellea Powders Oral(Yinxingmihuan Koufu Rongye,YXMH),a representative drug for"Treating both Brain and Heart",showed considerable clinical effects in isch⁃emic cardiovascular and cerebral vascular diseases.Recently,it is reported that YXMH has the potential for treating myocardial and cerebral ischemia related mental disorders,such as post stroke depression(PSD)and chronic heart disease(CHD)associated anxiety disorder.However,its mechanism has not been clearly elucidated.Meanwhile,increasing evidence revealed that there are close functional links between depression and habenular nucleus.The present study investigates the underlying mechanism of YXMH on attenuating the inflammation of microglia in habenular nucleus through CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis in in a rat model of PSD.METHODS Rats were randomly devided into sham group,model group,Ginaton group(18 mg·kg^-1),Armillariella Mellea group(600 mg·kg-1),Fluoxetine group(10 mg·kg^-1),YXMH high-dose group(618 mg·kg^-1)and YXMH low-dose group(309 mg·kg^-1).The PSD model was induced by transarterial microembolization combined with sleep deprivation(2-Chloro-D-phenylalanine,PCPA,IH,200 mg·kg^-1,for 3 times,before the behavior test)in SD male rats.Then rats were treated with corresponding medicaments through gavage once a day until 3 weeks later,followed by body mass measurement,neurological deficit score evaluation,gripping strength and thermal withdrawl latency measurement,as well as depression related behavioral indicators,the open field test(OFT)and sucrose preference test.The pathological morphological changes of habenular nucleus was observed by HE staining,the expression of IBA-1 was measured and analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining,and alterations of proteins and genes related to the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis were analyzed using Western blotting(CX3CL1,CX3CR1)and real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)(CX3CL1,CX3CR1).RESULTS Compared with the sham group,rats in the model group manifested as decreased body mass,deficient neurological behavior and gripping strength,reduced loco⁃motor activity and sugar water consumption,as well as elevated thermal withdrawl latency(P<0.05,P<0.01).Mean⁃while,the pathological morphology of the habenular nucleus on the ischemic hemisphere showed significant neuronal degeneration,microglial proliferation,inflammatory cells and glia cells infiltration,together with up-regualted expression of IBA-1,CX3CL1,CX3CR1 protein and CX3CL1,CX3CR1 mRNA.YXMH attenuated inflammation of microglia in habenular nucleus through improving pathological morphology,inhibiting IBA-1 activation,down-regulating the expres⁃sion of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 proteins and genes,and thus improved the behavior performance of ischemic injury and depression.CONCLUSION YXMH ameliorates neurological deficit and depressive behavior in rat model of PSD induced by transarterial microembolization combined with sleep deprivation,and the mechanism is probably related to attenu⁃ating inflammation of microglia in habenular nucleus through CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis.

Effect of Ginkgo Leaf Extract on Vascular Endothelial Function in Patients with Early Stage Diabetic Nephropathy

Objective:To explore the effect of ginkgo leaf extract(GLE) on vascular endothelial function(VEF) in patients with early stage diabetic nephropathy(DN).Methods:Sixty-four patients were randomized equally by a randomzing digital table into two groups,the treated group and the control group.They were all treated for 8 weeks with conventional therapy for diabetes,but GLE tablets were given to the treated group additionally. Changes in VEF were estimated before and after treatment by ultrasonic examination of t...

Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Dipyridamole Injection as Adjuvant Treatment for Angina Pectoris:A Meta-Analysis of 41 Randomized Controlled Trials

Objective： To provide information about the effectiveness and safety of Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Dipyridamole Injection （GD） as one adjuvant therapy for treating angina pectoris （AP） and to evaluate the relevant randomized controlled trials （RCTs） with meta-analysis. Methods： RCTs concerning AP treated by GD were searched in China Biology Medicine Disc （SinoMed）, PubMed, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database （CNKI）, the Chinese Scientific Journals Database （VIP）, Wanfang Database, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, from inception to February, 2017. The Cochrane Risk Assessment Tool was adopted to assess the methodological quality of the RCTs. The Review Manager 5.3 software was utilized to conduct the meta-analysis. Results： A total of 41 RCTs involving 4,462 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The results indicated that the combined use of GD and Western medicine （WM） against AP was associated with a higher total effective rate [risk ratio （RR）=1.25, 95% confidence interval （CI）： 1.21-1.29, P〈0.01], total effective rate of electrocardiogram （RR=1.29, 95% CI： 1.21-1.36, P〈0.01）. Additional, GD combined with WM could decrease the level of plasma viscosity [mean difference （MD）=-0.56, 95% CI： -0,81 to -0.30, P〈0.01], flbrinogen [MD=-1.02, 95% CI： -1.50 to -0.54, P〈0.01], whole blood low shear viscosity [MD=-2.27, 95% CI： -3.04 to -1.49, P〈0.01], and whole blood high shear viscosity （MD=-0.90, 95% CI： 1.37 to -0.44, P〈0.01）. Conclusions： Comparing with receiving WM only, the combine use of GD and WM was associated with a better curative effect for patients with AP. Nevertheless, limited by the methodological quality of included RCTs more large-sample, multi-center RCTs were needed to confirm our findings and provide further evidence for the clinical utility of GD.

Clinical Study on Treatment of Liver Fibrosis of Chronic Hepatitis B Patients with Ginkgo Leaf

Objective To study the anti-liver fibrosis effect of Ginkgo leaf in patients with chronic hepatitis B.Methods: Eighty-six patients with chronic hepatitis B were randomly divided into two groups with similar general condition. The 42 patients in the treated group were treated with Ginkgo leaf tablet (GLT), and the 44 patients in the control group were treated with Yiganling tablet. The treatment was conducted for 3 successive months in both groups. Changes in the histo-pathology of liver, serum levels of platelet activating factor (PAF), hyaluronic acid (HA), collagen type IV (C-IV), laminin (LN) and pro-collagen peptide type III (PC III) were observed before and after treatment. Results The markedly effective rate and the total effective rate in the treated group were 45.1% and 76.2% respectively, while in the control group the corresponding rates were 18. 2% and 43. 2%. Comparison between the two groups showed significant differenceP<0.01). Serum levels of PAF, HA, C-IV, LN and PC III were lowered significantly in the treated group after treatment. Compared with the corresponding parameters in the control group after treatment, the differences were all significant (P<0.01 orP<0.05). The pathological examination of liver showed improvement in both groups, the inflammation grade lowered in 10 patients (55. 6%) of the treated group and in 5 patients (35. 7%) of the control group, insignificant difference was shown between them. But in comparing the fibrosis staging lowering patients between the two groups, 12 patients (66. 7%) vs 3 patients (21.4%), the difference was significantP<0.05). Moreover, there were 4 patients in the control group with their fibrosis aggravated, while in the treated group, none was aggravatedP<0.05). Conclusion Ginkgo leaf tablet has some liver protective and anti-liver fibrosis benefits.

Altitudinal variation in Ginkgo leaf characters: Clues to paleoelevation reconstruction

After detailed studies of leaf area, leaf shape index, petiole length, stomatal density, stomatal index, and carbon isotope discrimination of Ginkgo biloba L., growing in Northwest China, the change trends of these parameters with an altitude gradient and their differences between sun and shade leaves were assessed. The results show that leaf area, petiole length, and stomatal parameters have no obvious linear relationship with altitude, but the carbon isotope discrimination shows a negative correlation with altitude, which has a potential to be an applicable paleo-altimeter. The results also suggest that the differences in stomatal density and stomatal index between sun and shade leaves had more influence on paleoelevation reconstruction than that in other parameters. Based on the linear and nonlinear correlations between carbon isotope discrimination and altitude, the paleoelevation evolution during the Middle Jurassic of the Yaojie Basin, Lanzhou in Gansu Province was estimated. The results show that the paleoelevation of the Yaojie Basin increased at first, and then decreased from the Aalenian to the early Bajocian and then to the late Bajocian in the Middle Jurassic.

Protective Effect of Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extract on Learning and Memory Deficit Induced by Aluminum in Model Rats

Objective： To examine the protective effect of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract （GbE） on learning and memory deficit induced by aluminum chloride （AlCl3）, and explore its mechanisms. Methods： The rat models with learning and memory deficit were induced by administering via gastrogavage and drinking of AlCl3 solution. And the model rats were treated with GbE at the dose of 50, 100, 200 mg/kg every day for 2 months accompanied with drinking of AlCl3 solution, respectively. Their abilities of spatial learning and memory were tested by Morris water maze, and the acetylcholinesterase （ACHE） activity in serum was assayed with chemical method, the AChE expression in hippocampus was observed by immunohistochemistry assay, and then quantitative analysis was done by BI 2000 image analysis system. Results： Learning and memory deficit of rats could be induced by AlCl3 solution （P〈0.01）, and AChE expressions in rats hippocampus were increased （P〈0.01）; GbE ameliorated learning and memory deficit and reduced AChE expression in rats hippocampus in a dose-dependent manner, while GbE significantly increased serum AChE activity at the dose of 200 mg/kg each day （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： GbE can ameliorate learning and memory deficit induced by AlCl3, which may be due to its inhibition of the AChE expression in hippocampus.

Ginkgo biloba leaf extract effects on inducible nitric oxide synthase, Bcl-2, and Bax expression in rat models of spinal cord injury

BACKGROUND：Ginkgo biloba leaf extract exhibits neuroprotective effects in spinal cord injury. However, the mechanisms of action remain unclear. OBJECTIVE： To investigate inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS） and Bcl-2/Bax expression in the injured spinal cord, and to explore the neuroprotective mechanisms of ginkgo biloba leaf extract in rats with spinal cord injury. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： The randomized, controlled, cell molecular biology experiment was performed at Soochow University, China from March 2007 to March 2008. MATERIALS： A total of 120 healthy, adult Sprague Dawley rats were selected for this study. Rat models of moderate acute thoracic （T9） spinal cord injury were established using the modified Allen method. Shuxuening injection was obtained from Zhenbaodao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., China. Methylprednisolone was purchased from North China Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. METHODS： All rats were equally and randomly divided into four groups. Only the spinal cord was exposed in the sham operation group rats. In the trauma group, rats were not treated with drugs following spinal cord injury. Rats in the hormone group were intraperitoneally injected with 30 mg/kg methylprednisolone following spinal cord injury. Rats in the ginkgo biloba leaf extract group were intraperitoneally infused with a 1.0 mL/kg Shuxuening injection per day. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： At 1 hour, as well as 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 days after spinal cord injury, iNOS- and Bcl-2/Bax-positive cells were quantified with immunohistochemistry. Pathological changes were detected using hematoxylineosin staining under an optical microscope. RESULTS： Spinal cord injury in the ginkgo biloba leaf extract and hormone groups was milder compared with the trauma group. Demyelination was significantly ameliorated and the necrotic cavity was obviously reduced in the injured spinal cord of rats in the ginkgo biloba leaf extract and hormone groups at each time point. iNOS expression was increased in the injured spinal cord, and reached a peak at 5 days. The number of iNOS-positive cells was lower in the ginkgo biloba leaf extract and hormone groups compared with the trauma group （P 〈 0.05-0.01）. The number of iNOS-positive cells was lower in the ginkgo biloba leaf extract group compared with the hormone group at 7 and 14 days after spinal cord injury （P 〈 0.05）. Bcl-2 expression reached a peak at 3 days, and Bax expression reached a peak at 5 days following rat spinal cord injury. Bcl-2 expression was increased, but Bax expression was decreased in the ginkgo biloba leaf extract and hormone groups compared with the trauma group （P 〈 0.05-0.01）. Bcl-2 expression was greater, but Bax expression was reduced in the ginkgo biloba leaf extract group compared with the hormone group at 7 and 14 days after spinal cord injury （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Ginkgo biloba leaf extract exhibits neuroprotective effects by upregulating Bcl-2 expression, downregulating Bax expression, and significantly inhibiting high expressions of iNOS in the injured spinal cord. The neuroprotective effects of ginkgo biloba leaf extract are greater compared with methylprednisolone at 1 week after spinal cord injury.

银杏叶总黄酮绿色提取工艺及抗氧化活性研究

采用单因素实验考察了低共熔溶剂种类、液料比、提取温度、n(氯化胆碱)∶n(尿素)、低共熔溶剂含水量、提取时间对银杏叶总黄酮提取率的影响,通过响应面法进一步优化了银杏叶总黄酮的提取工艺,并通过测定银杏叶总黄酮对DPPH自由基、ABTS自由基、·OH、·O_(2)^(-)的清除能力,金属离子螯合能力及总还原能力综合评价其抗氧化活性。结果表明,最优提取工艺为:液料比30∶1(mL∶g)、提取温度57℃、n(氯化胆碱)∶n(尿素)为1∶1.6、低共熔溶剂含水量40%、提取时间60 min,在此条件下,银杏叶总黄酮提取率为1.062%,且其抗氧化活性显著优于传统乙醇提取工艺。

琥珀酸美托洛尔联合银杏达莫注射液对冠心病心绞痛患者心率变异性、血液流变学的影响

目的探讨银杏达莫注射液联合琥珀酸美托洛尔对冠心病心绞痛患者水平的影响。方法选取济南市第四人民医院2019年7月-2021年7月收治的冠心病心绞痛患者80例,随机数字表法将其分为对照组(38例)和观察组(42例)。对照组采用银杏达莫注射液治疗;观察组在对照组基础上给予琥珀酸美托洛尔治疗。比较2组治疗前后心绞痛发作次数与持续时间、血清炎症因子水平、24 h动态血压、心率变异性(heart rate variabiliby,HRV)、血液流变学指标;比较治疗后2组临床治疗效果、不良反应。结果治疗后,观察组心绞痛发作次数、持续时间、6 min步行测试距离与对照组相比较,发作次数持续较短、距离较长(P<0.05);治疗后,2组血清肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)水平相比均低于治疗前,HRV比较均高于治疗前,且观察组明显优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后,2组的24 h动态血压、纤维蛋白原、血浆黏度、全血低切黏度、全血高切黏度差值相比均低于治疗前,且观察组均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论经琥珀酸美托洛尔联合银杏达莫注射液对早期冠心病心绞痛患者进行治疗后,降低患者血黏度,减少患者的发作次数与持续时间,HRV均升高,血液流变学指标、24 h动态血压水平均降低,血清炎症因子得到抑制,防止病情进一步的发展,临床效果较为显著。

银杏蜜环口服溶液治疗冠心病合并抑郁的临床效果及对免疫功能的影响

目的 探讨银杏蜜环口服溶液治疗冠心病合并抑郁的临床效果及对免疫功能的影响。方法 选取2019年7月至2023年7月金华市中医医院和慈溪市第七人民医院收治的冠心病合并抑郁患者124例,随机将其分为对照组和观察组,每组各62例。对照组患者采用常规方案治疗,观察组患者在此基础上增加银杏蜜环口服溶液治疗。经8周治疗后,比较两组患者的炎症因子、免疫功能、生活质量及抑郁评分。结果 治疗后,两组患者的C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-8(interleukin-8,IL-8)、CD8^(+)水平均显著低于本组治疗前,CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)均显著高于本组治疗前(P<0.05);观察组患者的CRP、TNF-α、IL-8、CD8^(+)水平均显著低于对照组,CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者的西雅图心绞痛量表(Seattle angina questionnair,SAQ)各维度评分均显著高于本组治疗前(P<0.05),观察组患者的SAQ各维度评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者的汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分显著低于对照组[(9.26±1.58)分vs.(12.87±1.89)分,t=11.538,P<0.001]。结论 银杏蜜环口服溶液可抑制冠心病合并抑郁患者的炎症反应并改善其抑郁症状,提高患者的免疫功能和生活质量。

银杏达莫注射液联合丁苯酞治疗急性脑梗死的临床效果

目的探讨急性脑梗死(ACI)患者采用银杏达莫注射液联合丁苯酞治疗的临床效果。方法选取2021年11月至2022年3月在稷山县人民医院接受治疗的ACI患者共计92例,以随机数表法分为对照组与研究组,各46例,对照组给予丁苯酞治疗,研究组给予银杏达莫注射液联合丁苯酞治疗,对两组临床疗效、神经功能缺损、血流速度指标、血液流变学指标、功能恢复结局、不良反应进行比较。结果研究组治疗有效率(95.65%)较对照组(80.43%)更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组治疗后与同组治疗前相比,美国国立卫生院神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS)均降低,且研究组较对照组更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组治疗后与同组治疗前相比,舒张末期血流速度(Vd)、平均血流速度(Vm)、收缩期峰值血流速度(Vs)均加快,研究组较对照组更快,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组治疗后与同组治疗前相比,血浆粘度(PSV)、全血高切粘度(HSV)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)降低,研究组较对照组更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);随访6个月与同组治疗前,两组改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分降低,研究组较对照组更低(P<0.05),差异均有统计学意义;研究组不良反应发生率(4.35%)较对照组(23.91%)更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论ACI患者采用银杏达莫注射液联合丁苯酞治疗,能够促进临床疗效提升,改善神经功能、血流速度,促进血液流变学指标改善,减少不良反应发生。

酿酒酵母发酵降解银杏叶多糖组分分析及活性研究

本试验以新鲜银杏叶为原料,采用酿酒酵母发酵法对其进行发酵降解。通过水提醇沉法制备获得粗多糖,经过脱蛋白脱色工序后用苯酚-硫酸法测定发酵降解后的银杏叶多糖含量,然后利用高效液相色谱法测定发酵后多糖中的单糖种类和摩尔百分比,最后对发酵降解后的银杏叶多糖的抑菌性和抗氧化性进行研究。结果表明:经过酿酒酵母发酵72 h后,银杏叶多糖含量由8.97%提高到11.18%,经过单糖种类鉴定,多糖中的单糖组成为鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖、木糖、岩藻糖;抑菌性试验结果表明其银杏叶多糖对三种指示菌均有不同程度的抑菌作用,与对照组相比,其抑菌圈均显著增大,酿酒酵母发酵过的银杏叶多糖溶液的浓度越高,抑菌能力越强,浓度为25 mg/mL的酿酒酵母发酵多糖溶液对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈直径为7.37 mm,浓度为75 mg/mL的酿酒酵母发酵多糖溶液对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈直径为10.71 mm;抗氧化试验结果表明,酿酒酵母发酵降解不同时期的银杏叶多糖都具有抑制氧自由基和清除羟自由基的能力,发酵过的多糖溶液抑制氧自由基和清除羟自由基的能力更强。基于以上结果表明,本研究可为银杏叶资源的利用提供思路。

银杏叶提取物促进大鼠激素性股骨头坏死中H亚型微血管形成的实验研究

目的观察银杏叶提取物在大鼠激素性股骨头坏死(SONFH)模型中对H亚型微血管的影响。方法采用脂多糖联合甲泼尼龙法复制SONFH模型。将50只大鼠分为空白组、模型组,以及银杏叶提取物高、中、低剂量组,每组10只。银杏叶提取物高、中、低剂量组分别予0.88、0.43、0.21 mL/kg银杏叶提取物溶液尾静脉注射,空白组和模型组分别予等量生理盐水尾静脉注射。4周时Micro-CT断层扫描和HE染色观察股骨头外形、骨小梁结构及囊性变情况;治疗8周后,采用HE染色观察检测股骨头软骨表面光滑度和骨小梁密度,免疫荧光染色观察检测股骨头血小板-内皮细胞黏附分子(CD31)和内皮黏蛋白(Emcn)表达。结果4周后Micro-CT断层扫描可见大鼠股骨头变形,骨小梁稀疏;HE染色结果可见骨小梁稀疏、断裂、股骨头坏死,Micro-CT断层扫描与HE染色结果一致,表明大鼠SONFH模型复制成功。8周后HE染色结果显示,与空白组相比,银杏叶提取物高、中、低剂量组及模型组均有不同程度股骨头坏死,但银杏叶提取物高、中、低剂量组与模型组比较,骨小梁相对密集,股骨头坏死减少。各组大鼠CD31及Emcn阳性率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),模型组CD31和Emcn阳性率较空白组及银杏叶提取物高、中、低剂量组均降低(P<0.05),银杏叶提取物高剂量组CD31阳性率与空白组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但Emcn阳性率高于空白组(P<0.05),银杏叶提取物高剂量组CD31和Emcn阳性率与中、低剂量组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),但中剂量与低剂量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论银杏叶提取物可促进大鼠SONFH模型中H亚型微血管形成,改善股骨头周围血循,促进血管成骨耦合,延缓疾病进程。

银杏达莫联合依达拉奉治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的效果及对血流动力学的影响

目的探讨银杏达莫联合依达拉奉治疗急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)的效果及对血流动力学的影响。方法选取2021年3月至2022年3月收治的60例AIS患者为研究对象,根据随机数字表法将其分为对照组和研究组,各30例。对照组接受依达拉奉治疗,研究组在对照组基础上加用银杏达莫治疗。比较两组的治疗效果。结果研究组的治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组的血浆黏度、血小板聚集指数、大脑中动脉血管搏动指数(PI)均降低,大脑中动脉收缩期血流速度(PSV)、舒张末期血流速度(EDV)均升高,且研究组优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组的基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)水平均降低,B淋巴细胞瘤-2(Bcl-2)、内皮生长因子受体-1(FLK-1)水平均升高,且研究组优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组的美国国立卫生院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分均降低,且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论银杏达莫联合依达拉奉能调节AIS患者血流动力学及血清指标,减轻神经功能损伤,利于病情转归,值得在临床中推广及应用。

银杏叶提取物对糖尿病肾病患儿TGF-β1、HGF水平的影响

目的探究银杏叶提取物用于糖尿病肾病患儿对其转化生长因子TGF-β1、肝细胞生长因子HGF水平的影响。方法回顾性选取2020年1月至2023年2月期间于石家庄市第六医院接受治疗的糖尿病肾损伤患儿资料188份,分为常规组(82例,常规西医治疗)和研究组(106例,银杏叶提取物+常规治疗),比较两组临床疗效,治疗前后肾功能相关指标、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、肝细胞生长因子(HGF)水平差异及不良反应发生情况。结果研究组治疗总有效率92.45%,高于常规组81.71%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.972,P<0.05);治疗后两组血肌酐(Scr)、尿素氮(BUN)、尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)、24h尿蛋白定量(24hUP)等肾功能指标及血清TGF-β1水平与治疗前比较均降低,而血清HGF水平则升高,且研究组上述指标变化幅度均大于常规组,差异有统计学意义(t=6.024、7.317、11.651、5.486、8.863、10.345,P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论银杏叶提取物有利于糖尿病肾病患儿治疗,可通过调节患者TGF-β1、HGF水平显著改善患者肾功能,提高临床疗效。

酒石酸美托洛尔联合银杏达莫注射液治疗冠心病心绞痛的效果分析

目的:分析酒石酸美托洛尔联合银杏达莫注射液治疗冠心病心绞痛(CHD-AP)的效果。方法:选取2020年1月—2022年1月靖江市新桥镇中心卫生院收治的CHD-AP患者80例作为研究对象,依据随机数字表法分为两组,各40例。两组均给予常规治疗,对照组给予酒石酸美托洛尔片治疗,观察组在对照组基础上应用银杏达莫注射液。比较两组治疗效果。结果:观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.042)。治疗前,两组心绞痛发作频率、持续时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组心绞痛发作频率低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,两组心绞痛持续时间短于治疗前,且观察组短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组胸痛、胸闷、心悸评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组胸痛、胸闷、心悸评分低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.456)。结论:酒石酸美托洛尔联合银杏达莫注射液治疗CHD-AP的效果较好,可降低患者心绞痛发作频率,缩短心绞痛持续时间,减轻临床症状,且不会增加不良反应,安全性高。

关于新疆准噶尔盆地中侏罗世奥勃鲁契夫银杏(Ginkgo obrutschewii Seward)叶表皮构造的讨论

通过对新疆准噶尔盆地白杨河地区中侏罗世奥勃鲁契夫银杏(Ginkgo obrutschewii Seward)模式产地及其邻区该种叶化石表皮构造的研究,笔者认为应以采自白杨河模式产地的化石材料作为认定该种主要特征的依据。尽管G.obrutschewii的外部形态和叶表皮构造可能具有一些变异特征,但综合而言,该种叶表皮构造主要特征似应为:表皮气孔器特征通常为下气孔式,上下表皮细胞均普遍发育强度不同的角质化丘状或低缓的乳状突起,垂周壁略直或微弯;气孔器单唇式,保卫细胞近孔缝处唇状加厚强烈,副卫细胞通常强烈角质化,表面常发育瘤状或团块状角质化加厚。目前对该种叶化石的采集及其表皮构造的研究尚不充分,相关研究有待进一步深入。近年来,俄罗斯学者归于本种的产于新疆福海的银杏叶片化石,及其对本种叶表皮构造特征的补充等,尚值得商榷。

丁苯酞联合银杏叶注射液治疗对ACI患者神经功能、血流流变学及炎症反应的改善效果

目的分析丁苯酞联合银杏叶注射液治疗对急性脑梗死(ACI)患者神经功能、血流流变学及炎症反应的改善效果。方法选择2021年4月至2023年4月武陟县中医院收治的110例ACI患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各55例,两组均治疗14 d。比较治疗前、治疗14 d后两组患者神经功能、神经损伤、血流流变学及炎症因子水平相关指标;统计并比较两组的不良反应发生情况。结果治疗14 d后,两组美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分低于治疗前,观察组NIHSS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗14 d后,两组神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平低于治疗前,脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、神经生长因子(NGF)水平高于治疗前,观察组NSE水平低于对照组,NGF、BDNF水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗14 d后,观察组全血高切黏度、全血低切黏度、血浆黏度低于治疗前,观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗14 d后,两组C反应蛋白(CRP)、白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)低于治疗前,观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组不良反应发生率(10.91%)低于对照组(14.55%),但两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论丁苯酞联合银杏叶注射液治疗可以有效促进ACI患者的神经功能恢复,减轻炎症反应和神经损伤,改善患者血流流变学,且不会显著增加不良反应发生率风险。

碳量子点荧光探针的制备及其在苦味酸检测中的应用

以银杏叶为原料,采用水热法制备得到新型荧光碳量子点(CQDs)。该碳量子点的平均粒径为5.5 nm,最大激发波长为335 nm,最大发射波长为418 nm。基于碳量子点荧光光谱与苦味酸(PA)吸收光谱存在部分重叠而发生荧光共振能量转移(FRET),建立了以碳量子点作为荧光探针用于苦味酸检测的新方法。在最佳实验条件下,加入苦味酸前、后的荧光强度比值(I0/I)与苦味酸浓度(c)在0.2~800μmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(r)为0.999 5,检出限(LOD)为32 nmol/L。在5、40、80μmol/L加标水平下,实际水样中苦味酸的回收率为98.0%~104%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.0%~3.2%。该方法可用于实际样品中苦味酸的灵敏、快速和高效检测。