Application of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite (GFRPC) Escape Pipeline in Tunnel

During the tunnel construction process,unfavorable geological conditionsare often encountered.Geological disasters such as collapse,roof fall,water inrush,gas explosion,etc.occur frequently,causing different degrees of property damage and casualties to the construction of the tunnel,seriously affecting harmony during construction.The domestic emergency hedging is mainly the use of 8-10mm steel coils,but the steel is heavy and not suitable for the frequent movement of tunnels.This paper introduces the new Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite(GFRPC)escape pipeline used in Chongqing Jiuyongyi Jinyunshan Tunnel,and compares the traditional steel coil parameters to provide reference for subsequent tunnel hedging measures.

Comparison between the preparation,structure and mechanical properties of long fiber reinforced thermoplastics and short fiber reinforced thermoplastic

This article summarizes the comparison between the preparation, structure and mechanical properties of long fiber reinforced thermoplastics （LFT） and short fiber reinforced thermoplastics （SFT）. Both of the experiment and theory results showed that the mechanical properties of long glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics pellets （LGFRT） have been enhanced better than that of short glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics pellets （SGFRT） manufactured by molding procession. After regulation of the relative humidity by 50 % , the mechanical properties of 30 % （ weight percent） short glass fiber content in SFT （ SFT-PA6-SGF30 ） are similar to that of 40 % long glass fiber content in LFT. Howev- er, the density of the latter is about 17 % lower than that of the former. Thus, the corresponding weight of products is reduced by 13 % ;output rate is increased by 21% , and the cost is therefore significantly lowered. And it has the fol- lowing advantages： impact strength is increased by 87 % ; the proportion is reduced by 20 % ; molding cycle is short- ened by 10 % ;materials cost is saved by 20 % -30 % and the final total cost is saved by 30 % -40 %. So LFT （LFT-PP-LGF40） can replace SFT （SFT-PA6-SGF30） with the similar basic mechanical properties under normal tem- perature or 160 ℃ lower.

Static Bending Creep Properties of Glass Fiber Surface Composite Wood

To study the static bending creep properties of glass fiber reinforced wood,glass fiber reinforced poplar(GFRP)specimens were obtained by pasting glass fiber on the upper and lower surfaces of Poplar(Populus euramevicana,P),the performance of Normal Creep(NC)and Mechanical Sorptive Creep(MSC)of GFRP and their influencing factors were tested and analyzed.The test results and analysis show that:(1)The MOE and MOR of Poplar were increased by 17.06%and 10.00%respectively by the glass fiber surface reinforced composite.(2)The surface reinforced P with glass fiber cloth only exhibits the NC pattern of wood and loses the MSC characteristics of wood,regardless of the constant or alternating changes in relative humidity.(3)The instantaneous elastic deformation,viscoelastic deformation,viscous deformation and total creep deflection of GFRP are positively correlated with the stress level of the external load applied to the specimen.Still,the specimen’s creep recovery rate is negatively correlated with the stress level of the external load applied to the specimen.The static creep deflection and viscous deformation of GFRP increase with the increase of the relative humidity of the environment.(4)The MSC maximum creep deflection of GFRP increased by only 7.41%over the NC maximum creep deflection,but the MSC maximum creep deflection of P increased by 199.25%over the NC maximum creep deflection.(5)The Burgers 4-factor model and the Weibull distribution equation can fit the NC and NC recovery processes of GFRP well.

Seismic retrofitting of reinforced concrete frame structures using GFRP-tube-confined-concrete composite braces

This paper presents a new type of structural bracing intended for seismic retrofitting use in framed structures. This special composite brace, termed glass-fiber-reinforced-polymer （GFRP）-tube-confined-concrete composite brace, is comprised of concrete confined by a GFRP tube and an inner steel core for energy dissipation. Together with a contribution from the GFRP-tube confined concrete, the composite brace shows a substantially increased stiffness to control story drift, which is often a preferred feature in seismic retrofitting. An analysis model is established and implemented in a general finite element analysis program - OpenSees, for simulating the load-displacement behavior of the composite brace. Using this model, a parametric study of the hysteretic behavior （energy dissipation, stiffness, ductility and strength） of the composite brace was conducted under static cyclic loading and it was found that the area ratio of steel core to concrete has the greatest influence among all the parameters considered. To demonstrate the application of the composite brace in seismic retrofitting, a three-story nonductile reinforced concrete （RC） frame structure was retrofitted with the composite braces. Pushover analysis and nonlinear time-history analyses of the retrofitted RC frame structure was performed by employing a suite of 20 strong ground motion earthquake records. The analysis results show that the composite braces can effectively reduce the peak seismic responses of the RC frame structure without significantly increasing the base shear demand.

The impact of the new composite material technology on the performance of the tennis rackets

With the continues improving of people＇s living standards, more and more people work out in all kinds of sports fields beyond the busy work. On the other hand, the development of the modem competitive sports also requires that the sports experts should not only strive for the scientific training, but should also pay much attention on the improvement and development of the sports equipment at the same time, which makes the sports equipment market have achieved unprecedented prosperity. This paper introduces the application of the fiber reinforced composite materials in the field of sports equipment, which is described mainly from the advantages of the fiber reinforced composite materials used in sports equipment areas, and from the aspects of the principles of material selection, the product varieties, the application examples and the status.

Laser welding process and strength enhancement of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites and metals dissimilar joint:A review

Carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites(CFRTP)and metals hybrid structures have been widely used in aircraft lightweight manufacturing.However,due to the significant difference in physical and chemical properties between CFRTP and metals,there are lots of challenges to connect them with high quality.Laser welding has a good application prospect in CFRTP and metals connection,and a significant research progress has been made in the exploration of CFRTP-metal laser joining mechanism,joining process optimization,joining strength improvement and joining defects controlling.However,there are still some problems need to be solved for this technology application.In this paper,the research progress of CFRTP-metal laser joining was summarized in three major aspects:theoretical modeling and simulation analysis,process exploration and parameter optimization,joint performance improvement and process innovation.And,problems and challenges of this technology were discussed,and the outlook of this research was provided.

Material Properties and Mold Folded Core Based on Ultra-violet Cured Resins

Ultra-violet(UV)curing is an efficient method for composite molding.Firstly,thermophysical properties of UV cured glass-fiber reinforced plastics are conducted.Material properties are studied for various kinds of postcuring modes.Then the UV curing method is suggested in manufacturing V-crimp folded core for sandwich panels.Two kinds of processing schemes for V-crimp folded core manufacturing using UV curing are presented.Finally,the effect of post-curing on the mechanical properties of folded core sandwiches is experimentally studied,and optimum modes of post-curing are determined.The experimental results show that the ultimate compressive strength of the folded sandwiches is increased by 60% after post-curing with the optimum post-curing mode.

Compressive Behaviour and Failure Mechanisms of GFRP Composite at High Strain Rates

Experimental investigations into the compressive behavior of glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP)composite at high strain rates were carried out using a split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)setup.The GFRP laminates were made from E-glass fibers and epoxy resins by vacuum assisted compression molding machine.The results of the compressive tests indicated that the mechanical behavior of the GFRP composite depends highly on the strain rate.The compressive peak stress,toughness and Young's modulus of the GFRP composite increased with the increase of strain rate,while the strain level at the initial stages of damage was shortened with the increase of strain rate.In addition,the dynamic deformation behavior and failure process of the specimens were observed directly by using a high-speed camera.Following the experiments,the fracture morphologies and damage modes were examined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)to explore the possible failure mechanisms of the specimens.The results showed that multiple failure mechanisms appeared,such as matrix crack,fiber-matrix debonding,fiber failure and shear fracture.

纤维增强热塑性复合材料/金属连接界面调控研究进展

综述了纤维增强热塑性复合材料/金属界面连接机制和界面调控的国内外研究动态,涵盖粘附和机械结合两种机制。简要概述了粘附机制的主要结合力类型,探讨了粘附机制下连接界面轻度较差的原因;重点关注了机械方法、化学方法、金属表面增材处理和激光加工4类机械结合界面调控方法,其中化学方法的使用会对环境造成一定危害,且难以精确控制微结构的形貌尺寸。而金属表面增材制备微观结构的方法目前还存在难以实现完全锚固且易变形造成应力集中的问题。利用高能量密度激光对金属表面进行粗化、清洗以及引入化学基团,可以在毫米、微米和纳米等不同尺度下调控微结构形貌,对接头强度的改善效果远高于喷砂、喷丸、砂纸打磨、铣削加工等机械方法。同时,超快脉冲激光与材料相互作用时间极短,热影响小,能加工出跨尺度复合结构,相比于其他金属表面处理方式,超快激光表面处理能更大程度上提高接头强度。

复合材料尾门结构的拓扑-参数一体化轻量化设计

以某新能源车型的尾门为研究对象,结合注塑长玻纤增强复合材料,提出了一种结构拓扑参数一体化轻量化设计方法,并为尾门性能仿真和优化设计分别建立了联合仿真和常规仿真模型,提高了仿真精度和优化效率。首先,基于常规仿真模型通过三步式结构概念设计优化并重新设计了复合材料尾门结构。然后,建立了用于后续多目标优化的联合仿真模型,并通过样件试制和性能试验进行了验证。最后,利用带精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)对尾门的筋条厚度、关键位置厚度、截面尺寸进行了详细优化。优化后的复合材料尾门质量比原钢制尾门减小了27.2%,同时尾门扭转刚度、横向刚度、弯曲刚度及自由模态满足应用要求。

GFRP型材-混凝土组合梁受弯性能分析

为了研究玻璃钢纤维(GFRP)型材-混凝土组合梁的受弯性能,采用有限元分析软件ABAQUS建立其数值模型并进行模拟分析。对混凝土采用塑性损伤模型,并考虑了GFRP型材的各向异性的特征,连接界面采用牵引-分离模型来模拟GFRP型材与混凝土的粘结-滑移行为。试验结果验证了模拟分析的正确性。此外,进行了参数扩展分析,研究了混凝土板截面尺寸、GFRP型材截面尺寸(腹板高度和腹板、翼缘板厚度)对GFRP型材-混凝土组合梁受弯性能的影响。结果表明:剪力键间距为100mm的组合梁的极限承载力比间距为150、200mm的试件分别高21.4%和30.7%。FRP剪力键可有效提高抗剪性能,改善界面粘结性能。混凝土截面高宽比超过1.2时,组合梁破坏模式从受弯破坏向剥离破坏转变。合理设计组合梁截面尺寸可以有效地提高组合梁的极限抗弯承载力、最大挠度和拟延性特征,在力学性能和工程造价之间取得良好的平衡。

玻纤增强尼龙复合材料车门拉手座热流道模具设计

在车门拉手座塑件模具设计中,为解决高含量玻璃纤维增强尼龙复合材料成型时容易出现浮纤、收缩各向异性带来的翘曲变形大等潜在品质缺陷问题,运用CAE辅助分析对塑件的成型方案进行了优化分析。将浇注系统优化为潜伏式双浇口浇注系统,浇口的进胶直径为1 mm,流道结构由三级冷流道+一级热流道组成。所获得的浇注效果为:引起浮纤发生的内外壁模温差控制在38℃以下(标准值≤50℃);主要外观面盖面的纤维取向张量范围为0.7373~0.9986,能有效保证盖面的结构强度;塑件最大翘曲变形量为1.024 mm,能保证塑件关键尺寸的成型精度满足MT3级A类精度要求;基于玻纤增强的模腔成型收缩率各向差异化设置分别为X向0.3%,Y向0.1%,Z向0.2%。与优化结果对应的注塑工艺参数为:模温89.4℃,料温292.4℃,注射压力92 MPa,冷却水温度25℃,注塑周期38 s。模具结构为一种两板式热流道模具,一模两腔布局,模具中采用脱模方向集成法设计了3种脱模机构,其中的定模推板斜顶机构和油缸推板型斜抽芯机构对同类塑件脱模机构设计有较好的参考作用。

玻璃纤维增强聚合物筋增强混凝土柱的轴压承载力评估

玻璃纤维增强聚合物(GFRP)筋对混凝土柱承载力的影响十分关键,为深入评估GFRP筋设计应用于增强混凝土柱的承载力性能,利用随机森林(RF)、人工神经网络(ANN)、AdaBoost和XGBoost算法,分别建立了各自的GFRP筋增强混凝土柱承载力模型。建立了GFRP筋增强混凝土柱的试验数据库,对已有的GFRP筋增强混凝土柱承载力理论公式进行了初步评估,并进一步对比分析GFRP筋增强混凝土柱承载力的RF模型、ANN模型、AdaBoost模型和XGBoost模型的预测精度。结果表明:已有的GFRP筋增强混凝土柱承载力理论公式的判定系数(0.70左右)均小于RF模型(0.82)、AdaBoost模型(0.80)和XGBoost模型(0.80)的制定系数,且平均绝对误差和均方根误差基本都大于RF模型、ANN模型、AdaBoost模型和XGBoost模型的相应值,表明现有理论公式的准确性低于RF模型、ANN模型、AdaBoost模型和XGBoost模型准确性。与ANN模型相比,RF模型、AdaBoost模型和XGBoost模型均可较为准确地评估GFRP筋增强混凝土柱的实际承载力性能(尤其是RF模型)。研究可为GFRP筋设计应用于增强混凝土结构时的承载力设计和分析提供参考。

纤维增强热塑性复合材料与金属连接技术的研究进展

纤维增强热塑性复合材料(FRTP)与金属的连接技术是多材料异质结构的关键制造技术。总结了纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料相对于传统金属材料的性能优势,分析了FRTP与金属连接技术的重要性和必要性,系统回顾了胶接、机械连接、混合连接和焊接四大类FRTP/金属连接技术的特点和发展,最后对未来FRTP/金属异质结构连接技术的发展、接头性能的改善提出了展望。

纤维增强热塑性复合材料拉挤成型工艺研究进展

拉挤成型作为一种连续生产固定截面的热塑性复合材料成型工艺,具有原材料利用率高、生产效率高、废品率低、产品复制性强、可设计等优点,已在轻量化汽车、建筑建材、风电叶片等领域内广泛应用。热塑性树脂基体存在室温下呈固态、熔融状态下流动性差的问题,导致纤维浸渍困难,成为此类成型工艺发展的瓶颈,因此改进拉挤成型工艺的关键集中在纤维浸渍技术上。本文综述了纤维增强热塑性复合材料拉挤成型工艺的研究进展,并根据浸渍方式的不同将热塑性复合材料拉挤成型工艺分为非反应型拉挤成型工艺和反应型拉挤成型工艺,介绍了每种成型工艺的浸渍特点、制备流程以及工艺优化方案,阐述了拉挤成型工艺中不同的纤维浸渍方式对制件质量的影响规律,最后对拉挤成型工艺现存的问题进行了讨论,展望了未来纤维增强热塑性复合材料拉挤成型工艺的发展趋势,为今后拉挤成型工艺的深入研究和开拓创新提供参考。

玻璃与碳纤维混杂增强复合材料3D打印与实验

本研究基于热塑性材料熔融沉积成型工艺,研制了双喷头连续玻璃纤维与碳纤维混杂增强热塑性复合材料结构增材制造平台,制备了不同混杂比的纤维增强热塑性复合材料结构试件,分析了不同结构试件的弯曲力学性能与失效模式,探索了嵌入碳纤维智能层的混杂纤维增强热塑性复合材料的力阻行为。结果表明:比较纯热塑性材料结构件,玻璃纤维增强复合材料结构件弯曲强度提高了115.99%,碳纤维增强复合材料结构件弯曲强度提高了198.76%;玻璃纤维与碳纤维混杂增强复合材料结构件具有负弯曲强度混杂效应和正弯曲模量混杂效应。可根据碳纤维电阻相对变化率对混杂增强复合材料结构的应变与断裂破坏状态进行实时自感知。研究结果为连续玻璃纤维与碳纤维混杂增强热塑性复合材料结构件的高质高效制造与智能化提供了新工艺与新思路。

成型温度对CF/PPEK复合材料的缺陷和力学性能影响

分别采用溶液浸渍法及真空热压成型法制备了连续碳纤维增强含杂萘联苯结构聚芳醚酮(CF/PPEK)预浸料和复合材料,对不同成型温度制备的复合材料进行了超声相控阵和三维X射线显微镜(XRM)无损检测,利用旋转流变仪、电子万能试验机、动态力学分析仪(DMA)、红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、金相显微镜对CF/PPEK复合材料进行了表征,系统研究了成型温度对纤维的浸润质量以及复合材料孔隙率、弯曲行为和层间剪切性能的影响,通过力学性能分析和断口形貌表征研究了断裂机理及缺陷对其性能产生的影响。试验结果表明:成型温度为350℃时,CF/PPEK复合材料的弯曲模量和层间剪切强度分别为125 GPa和64 MPa;成型温度为360℃时,CF/PPEK复合材料的缺陷最少,弯曲强度可达1376 MPa;而370℃高温下,复合材料出现明显缺陷,各方面性能急剧下降。

环境吸湿对玻璃纤维增强尼龙66材料性能的影响

通过研究两种玻璃纤维(GF)增强尼龙(PA)[GF增强PA66(A3WG6,巴斯夫),简称复合材料A;自制PA66+30%GF,简称复合材料B]在环境温湿度条件下调节不同时间后的吸湿状态,探讨了不同时间调节后PA复合材料的拉伸强度、拉伸弹性模量、拉伸应变、冲击强度及收缩率与调节时间的关系,考察了材料在常温环境下调节时间与材料含水率的关系,同时分析了水分对PA复合材料性能影响的机理。结果表明,在试验范围内,PA复合材料在常温环境中的吸湿率随着调节时间的延长而增加,环境吸湿速率在16 h达到最高,在168 h后趋于平稳。吸湿后的PA复合材料拉伸强度随着调节时间的延长逐渐下降,拉伸应变和拉伸弹性模量变化相对较小,冲击强度则随着调节时间的延长逐渐增大。当PA66复合材料A、B在环境温湿度条件下调节168 h后,材料的含水率分别为0.207%和0.145%,材料的拉伸强度分别下降了14 MPa和15.3 MPa,损失率达到6.9%和7.8%。当PA66复合材料A、B在环境温湿度条件下调节960 h后,材料的含水率分别为0.578%和0.439%,材料的拉伸强度分别下降了38 MPa和35 MPa,损失率分别达到18.6%和18.2%,材料的冲击强度则提高了12.3%和45.7%。PA66复合材料A、B在相同环境温湿度条件下调节不同时间后的物理力学性能、吸湿状态呈相同趋势。

硬质合金涂层刀具车削GFRP的切削力研究

研究了硬质合金涂层刀具车削玻璃纤维增强复合材料时,切削用量对切削力的影响,并通过正交试验建立了切削力经验公式。结果表明:切削速度引起的树脂软化对切削力的影响较大,切削分力随切削速度的增加先减后增,但切削速度由243 m/min增至342 m/min时,切削力变化趋于平缓;切削力随进给量和背吃刀量的增加而增大,但在进给量为0.05 mm/r时,由于涂层刀具刃口的挤压作用,轴向切削力反而较大。正交试验和极差分析表明,背吃刀量对切削合力及各切削分力的影响最大,切削速度对切削合力及轴向分力Fx和径向分力Fy的影响次之,进给量对主切削力Fz的影响较切削速度大。