Nonlinear analysis of pre-tensioned glass wall facade by stability function with initial imperfection

Pre-tensioned high strength trusses using alloy steel bar are widely used as glass wall supporting systems because of the high degree of transparency.The breakage of glass panes in this type of system occurs occasionally,likely to be due to error in design and analysis in addition to other factors like glass impurity and stress concentration around opening in a spider system.Most design does not consider the flexibility of supports from finite stiffness of supporting steel or reinforced concrete beams.The resistance of lateral wind pressure of the system makes use of high tension force coupled with the large deflection effect,both of which are affected by many parameters not generally considered in conventional structures.In the design,one must therefore give a careful consideration on various effects,such as support settlement due to live loads and material creep,temperature change,pre-tension force,and wind pressure.It is not uncommon to see many similar glass wall systems fail in the wind load test chambers under a design wind speed.This paper presents a rigorous analysis and design of this type of structural systems used in a project in Hong Kong,China.The stability function with initial curvature is used in place of the cubic function,which is only accurate for linear analysis.The considerations and analysis techniques are believed to be of value to engineers involved in the design of the structural systems behaving nonlinearly.

Calibration of a hysteretic model for glass fiber reinforced gypsum wall panels

Glass fi ber reinforced gypsum(GFRG) wall panels are prefabricated panels with hollow cores, originally developed in Australia and subsequently adopted by India and China for use in buildings. This paper discusses identifi cation and calibration of a suitable hysteretic model for GFRG wall panels fi lled with reinforced concrete. As considerable pinching was observed in the experimental results, a suitable hysteretic model with pinched hysteretic rule is used to conduct a series of quasi-static as inelastic hysteretic response analyses of GFRG panels with two different widths. The calibration of the pinching model parameters was carried out to approximately match the simulated and experimental responses up to 80% of the peak load in the post peak region. Interestingly, the same values of various parameters(energy dissipation and pinching related parameters) were obtained for all fi ve test specimens.

Analytical Study of the Cable-Truss Systems on the Glass Certain Walls with Vertical Uses

The aim of this study is to analyze of the cable-glass systems which are used on the glass curtain wall according to their types, degree, architectural and structural effects. The suspended glass system with pre-stressed cable truss (SGSPCT) is widely started to apply after the 1980’s with Serres building. The advantages of these systems are to provide the transparency on the fa?ades and speedy construction process with minimum materials. The disadvantages are: more expensive than other systems and so many details for the joints and load distribution calculations. There are three different architectural design typologies of the SGSPCT system. These are distance bridging systems, between floor system and independent body. These three different typologies can be seen on the same building at the same time. This system has been known as complex structure systems. The twenty five glass buildings which are designed in different systems have been analyzed during this study. After these analyses the five glass buildings which are designed with cable-truss system have been selected for scope of the study. These selected buildings have been included of three different cable-truss system typologies and degree. The methodology of this study is literature survey and building analyses method. The written and visual documents involve books, theses, reports, articles, magazines, drawings, internet sources and applied connection details of the glass buildings. The selected five glass buildings have been detailed analyzed with their architectural drawings, photographs and details. The study consists of five chapters including the introduction chapter. The general information of the glass building and cable-glass system has been mentioned in the first chapter. The structural features, details and analytical information on systems have been explained of the selected buildings in the second chapter. The detailed analyses of these selected buildings have been done according to their schematic drawings with the plans, sections and load distribution in the third chapter. The fourth chapter is discussion section. In this section, cable-truss systems have been compared with their advantages and disadvantages to the other systems. The fifth chapter is the last chapter, many advantages of cable-truss systems have been concluded that the use of glass substrates.

Optimized Simulation Design of Double Glass Curtain Wall Shading System in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone

The glass curtain wall is widely favored by the owners for its good appearance modeling efthct. In using process, however, excessive energy consumption, low level indoor eomtort and other problems of glass curtain wall are often exposed. Aiming at office buildings in hot Summer and cold Winter zone, taking the optimization of thermal comfort of double glass curtain wall in the summer and the reduetion of building energy consumption throughout the year as the breakthrough point, using the method of energy simulation analysis, through changing the size of internal shading component in the simulated room, this paper analyzes and summarizes the variation law of its energy consumption value, to explore the relatively reasonable design plan of shading systems of the building with glass curtain wall.

Nonlinear response spectrums for cable-supported glass curtain walls

Aiming at the seismic-resistant performance of cable-supported glass curtain walls,the methods for formulating nonlinear single degree of freedom system and calculating the nonlinear response spectrums are proposed. Taking pretension effect in cables and geometrical nonlinearity into account,the nonlinear acceleration spectrums are calculated under given conditions,such as site and different seismic fortification intensities. The seismic design response spectrums are developed. During vibrating,varying period due to the influence of pretension effect in cables and geometrical nonlinearity drives the maximum period of plateau in nonlinear response spectrums to move towards the long period zone,and the maximum of seismic effect coefficient is larger than that of current seismic code. The theoretical analysis and the example demonstrate that using the nonlinear response spectrums is safe and economical.

Ecological Technologies of Applying Plants on Glass Curtain Walls

Integrated landscaping technology of reclaiming condensed water from the thermal channel of double-pane glass curtain wall and applying the reclaimed water in micro irrigation of natural plants was explored.Selection of plant species for the internal space of glass curtain wall and vertical greening outside was studied to meet the ecological technological requirements of glass curtain wall.Progressive experiment of new technology and simulated calculation of indexes were applied to obtain solar radiation consumption,meet the ecological characters of plants in glass curtain walls,and finally improve indoor and outdoor thermal environment.The results showed that new ecological technologies of applying plants on glass curtain walls help realize ecological utilization of glass curtain walls,further reduce energy consumption of buildings,achieve and even surpass the standards of national 3-star green buildings.

Experimental Investigation on Flexural Performance of Masonry Walls Reinforced with GFRP

This paper presents the results of a test program for flexure reinforcing characteristics of gless fiber-rein forced polymer（GFRP） sheets bonded to masonry beams. A total of eight specimens subjected to monotonic four-point bending were tested up to failure. These specimens were constructed with two different bond patterns. Six of these specimens were reinforced by using GFRP sheets prior to testing, and the remaining two were not reinforced. The test results indicate a significant increase in both load-bearing capacity and ductile performance of the reinforced walls over the unreinforced ones.

考虑风载因素的玻璃幕墙清洁机器人设计

围绕高楼玻璃幕墙机器人自动清洁中的风载问题,设计了一款考虑风载因素的真空吸盘吸附的框架式爬壁机器人。针对玻璃幕墙清洁机器人的框架式结构进行步态规划。基于空间力学理论建立了玻璃幕墙清洁机器人在风载下的力学平衡模型,得到了风载大小与机器人吸盘吸附力之间的力平衡方程。在Workbench中对风载作用下的清洗机器人本体进行了有限元分析,得到了机器人模型的应力云图与变形云图。实验测试结果表明:在极限风载作用下,机器人的最大应力点位于吸盘支架,最大变形点位于主架板中心。在真实风载下对机器人进行攀爬运动仿真分析,机器人可以在极限风载下稳定地工作,不会发生滑移和倾覆,验证了力学模型和设计模型的正确性。

城市空间艺术化与“表皮”美学

人类艺术最显眼的是建筑,它让公共空间注满意义,成为一个时代的哲学和文化精神的有力体现,它是城市之所以为城市的理由。对艺术产业的研究,必须包括对城市空间艺术特点的追问。可以看到,越是到后现代建筑,墙体越有可能分化成两层,外层“表皮”对城市空间艺术化起了重大作用。由于当代科技文化的发展,城市设计者与建筑学家可以比较自由地发挥艺术创作精神。在后现代符号美学推动下,城市空间的塑形高度个性化,由此可以比较灵活地解决民族风格与雅俗融合这两个元设计大难题。

夏热冬冷地区Low-E玻璃节能效果研究

目的为了解决夏热冬冷地区民宿玻璃幕墙节能设计过程中,对于性能接近的玻璃种类的选择问题。方法采用DeST模拟软件建立一个二层民宿的物理模型,依据《河南省公共建筑节能设计标准》选择满足要求的双玻Low-E玻璃和三玻Low-E玻璃。通过控制对负荷影响较大的3个参数:传热系数、太阳能总透射比、红外热能总透射比,来保持其控制参数相同或近似相等,再基于当地典型气象年的实测数据,采用DeST模拟软件对该民宿建筑进行全年能耗计算,并通过加拿大采暖季能耗评价体系(ER)与制冷季能耗评价体系(ERC)进行能耗分析,观察节能效果。结果表明将双玻用三玻进行改造后,ERC值为3.57,说明三玻两腔单Low-E中空(空气)玻璃在制冷季节能效果更好;ER值为-1.83,说明双玻单Low-E中空(氩气)玻璃在采暖季节能效果更优。三玻两腔单Low-E中空(空气)玻璃相对于双玻单Low-E中空(氩气)玻璃成本贵了60元/m^(2),每年带来的经济效益为1.92元/m^(2),需要至少30年才能完成成本回收,综合考虑各种因素,双玻单Low-E中空玻璃才是首选。结论研究结果为夏热冬冷地区民宿建筑玻璃幕墙种类的选择提供了一种新的方法,具有重要的参考价值和借鉴意义。

17m超高坐地式玻璃肋幕墙系统结构性能和试验研究

文章以泰康大厦工程为背景,针对超高坐地式玻璃肋幕墙系统进行了大风压作用下的结构性能和位移能力试验研究,通过有限元、试验、理论三者进行对比分析。研究表明,该幕墙系统不仅满足1.75kPa风压作用下的结构性能要求和2.63kPa大风压下结构的安全性能要求,而且满足三个方向位移能力的要求。充分说明17m超高坐地式玻璃肋幕墙系统的设计方案安全可行,设计方案和试验结果可为今后超高坐地式玻璃肋幕墙系统的设计提供支持。

基于Giannakoopulou模型的MWCNT/GF/EP复合材料微波吸收性能研究

探究了加入不同质量分数多壁碳纳米管的多壁碳纳米管/玻璃纤维/环氧树脂复合材料在X波段的电磁波吸收性能,基于Giannakoopulou模型引入透波层,研究了吸波层和透波层两者的比例和分布状态对吸波材料整体的吸波性能影响。结果表明,加入多壁碳纳米管质量分数为2%的多壁碳纳米管/玻璃纤维/环氧树脂复合材料在厚度为3.0 mm时,最大反射损耗为-44.5 dB,有效吸收带宽为3.3 GHz(8.2~11.5 GHz);通过合理设计吸波层和透波层两者的比例和分布状态,得到具有不同有效吸收带宽和吸收损耗峰值的吸波材料,反射损耗峰值最高达到-62.1 dB,有效吸收带宽为3.1 GHz。

玻璃幕墙清洗机器人内螺旋完全遍历路径规划研究

针对高空复杂环境下玻璃幕墙清洗机器人的全方位无死角清洗问题,本文提出了一种基于改进蚁群算法的内螺旋完全遍历路径规划方法。首先在融合视觉传感器识别定位结果的基础上构建环境栅格地图;针对机器人全方位无死角遍历问题,以最大覆盖面积、最小重复路径及最大安全性为目标,通过内螺旋完全遍历算法实现清洗路径规划。在此基础上,针对机器人完全遍历易陷入死区问题,以最快规划、最少拐点及最快收敛为目标,通过改进蚁群算法规划出最优逃逸死区路线。改进方向以机器人4方位4领域移动为主,在启发函数中引入A^(*)算法的代价函数,同时在信息素更新中引入惩罚函数的思想。最后通过2种算法结合完成清洗区域的完全遍历,仿真结果表明:机器人在已知地图上通过4次规划后清洗覆盖率达到100%,行进重复率达到3.15%,实现了完全遍历。

某高层建筑幕墙玻璃面板的多源感知与特征提取初探

近年来,高层建筑玻璃幕墙面板因自爆、脱落等引发的安全事故在我国频频发生,其主要原因是幕墙面板的性能特征不清晰。论文提出了玻璃幕墙面板的多源感知与特征值提取方法,结合实际工程案例,通过设计施工资料、振动测试、图像识别3种多源感知方法获取玻璃幕墙特征信息,并从中提取出典型特征值。

负风压作用下隐框玻璃幕墙承载行为和脱胶损伤实验研究

隐框玻璃幕墙连接用的硅酮结构胶发生损伤导致玻璃面板坠落是当前幕墙服役过程中的常见问题.现有研究大多采用动力学方法对幕墙的脱胶损伤进行检测和评估,该方法通常需要额外施加荷载激励,且测量的动力响应数据易受环境影响,难以实现幕墙安全状态的可靠评估.为解决上述问题,提出在负风压作用下利用玻璃面板的挠度和转角对玻璃面板的脱胶损伤进行检测和评估的方法.首先,设计一系列隐框玻璃幕墙脱胶损伤实验,验证了在风荷载作用下利用挠度和转角对玻璃面板的安全状态进行检测的可行性;之后,基于实验结果构建了隐框玻璃幕墙安全风险监测评估系统,实现玻璃面板脱胶位置和数量的实时监测和快速识别.

用于光伏玻璃幕墙的聚光系统设计与研究

为了能同时满足光伏玻璃幕墙的采光和建筑发电需求,设计了一种由双抛物线结构和导光板组成的混合式聚光器。主要介绍了聚光器的构成,并对其性能进行了初步的测量分析。这种新型的聚光器的几何聚光比为6,系统效率在90%,通过比较不同单元模块宽度的聚光器和不同移动距离的聚光器模型,测量了变量与入射偏角的曲线,得到聚光器的接收范围为±3°。在垂直入射条件下,聚光系统的光伏模块效率可以达到70%,减少室内的眩光。最后使用DIALUX软件对新型系统采光进行了辐照度分析,全天辐照度超过300 lx,照度均匀度达到了0.956。结果表明聚光系统用于光伏玻璃幕墙是可行的,可以提高使用舒适度,也降低了建筑成本,该系统的实用性可以替代传统中空玻璃。

浅析高层建筑玻璃幕墙施工技术应用及质量管理

玻璃幕墙技术作为如今建筑领域常见的外围护结构,既满足人们对建筑外墙功能方面的需求,同时又增加了建筑美感。但是近年来高层建筑时常发生玻璃幕墙墙面开裂、脱落等问题。为了提升幕墙系统的施工质量和安全性,通过对巴中万达广场、国盛壹品工程项目的玻璃幕墙施工过程进行总结,深入分析了幕墙施工的技术要点,从而提高了建筑幕墙施工技术水平。

基于改进最小二乘法的椭圆形玻璃幕墙缺陷多传感器融合检测技术

针对常规椭圆形玻璃幕墙缺陷多传感器融合检测的结果误差较大的问题,提出基于改进最小二乘法的椭圆形玻璃幕墙缺陷多传感器融合检测技术。在分析椭圆形玻璃幕墙受力点处应力值和反差增强分组传感器检测数据信号而获取缺陷部位的初始拟合曲线后,采用改进最小二乘法拟合缺陷部位立体位置曲线,融合缺陷检测图像得到检测结果。试验结果表明:应用该方法得出的检测累积误差平均值为0.07,可满足椭圆形玻璃幕墙缺陷的检测要求。

塔楼群玻璃幕墙碎粒飞行轨迹预测方法

结合某塔楼群玻璃幕墙的风灾实例,进行了塔楼群玻璃幕墙碎粒飞掷物的运动轨迹预测,研究了4种不同风场条件对幕墙碎粒飞行轨迹的影响。首先,在对大涡模拟方法及参数设置的有效性验证的基础上,通过紊流边界层风场内塔楼群的非定常绕流大涡模拟,获取了建筑周围的三维非定常绕流场。然后,采用五阶龙格库塔法,求解粒状飞掷物的三维刚体运动方程,通过均匀流场下飞掷物轨迹计算方法与文献试验结果的对比,验证了本文方法的有效性。最后,对比分析了不同流场条件对颗粒的飞行轨迹及飞行速度的影响。结果表明,本文飞掷物运动轨迹计算方法结合大涡模拟获取的流场能够对飞掷物飞行轨迹进行有效预测;对同一位置释放的颗粒,与理想均匀流场相比,三维自由来流场中颗粒的飞行速度和飞行距离相对较低;三维自由来流场忽略湍流成分时,会使颗粒的飞行速度进一步降低,而飞行距离增大;对于塔楼群三维非定常绕流场,与理想均匀流和三维自由来流场的飞掷物轨迹预测的结果相差较大,且飞掷物的飞行轨迹受绕流场中不同初始位置的影响较大,并可能显著影响最终的评估结果。因此,飞掷物的飞行轨迹应充分考虑建筑群周围的三维非定常绕流场和初始破坏位置的影响。

基于深度学习技术的无人机玻璃幕墙缺陷检测方法

针对玻璃幕墙存在的各种缺陷问题,提出了一种基于深度学习技术的无人机玻璃幕墙缺陷检测方法。通过无人机搭载RGB相机采集玻璃幕墙缺陷图像并导入计算机中进行处理,利用改进的YOLOv5轻量型表面缺陷检测算法对玻璃幕墙缺陷图片进行分类识别,提高网络收敛速度和泛化能力;最后通过人工标注数据集对所构建的无人机检测系统进行测试验证,结果表明该系统能够完成玻璃幕墙缺陷图片的自动检测与识别。