The use of a glass-fiber reinforced composite in marine structures is becoming more common, particularly due to the potential weight savings. The mechanical response of the joint between a glass-fiber reinforced polym...The use of a glass-fiber reinforced composite in marine structures is becoming more common, particularly due to the potential weight savings. The mechanical response of the joint between a glass-fiber reinforced polymer （GRP） superstructure and a steel hull formed is examined and subsequently modified to improve performance through a combined program of modeling and testing. A finite-element model is developed to predict the response of the joint. The model takes into account the contact at the interface between different materials, progressive damage, large deformation theory, and a non-linear stress-strain relationship. To predict the progressive failure, the analysis combines Hashin failure criteria and maximum stress failure criteria. The results show stress response has a great influence on the strength and bearing of the joint. The Balsawood-steel interface is proved to be critical to the mechanical behavior of the joint. Good agreement between experimental results and numerical predictions is observed.展开更多
The effects of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate copolymer （EVA） latex as an additive or a glass fiber surface modifier on the properties of Glass-Fiber （ GF ）/ Magnesium Oxychloride Cement （MOC） composites was studied. Th...The effects of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate copolymer （EVA） latex as an additive or a glass fiber surface modifier on the properties of Glass-Fiber （ GF ）/ Magnesium Oxychloride Cement （MOC） composites was studied. The mechanical properties, water resistance aud aging resistance of the cured GF/ MOC composites were estimated and chemical ingredients analysis and morphological study of the GF/ MOC composites were also performed. It is found that EVA added to the MOC matrix could substantially improve the interfacial adhesion, water resistance aud aging resistance of GF/ MOC composites. EVA treatment on glass fibers resulted in decreasing initial flexural strength of GF/ MOC composites while enhancing the soft coefficients. In addition, the drying time and dilution of the EVA treatment on glass fibers also had an otwioas effect on the properties of GF/ MOC composites. However, excessive EVA interfered with the growth of the 5 Mg（ OH）2· MgCl2 ·8H2O crystal and the properties of GF / MOC composites.展开更多
Objective:To observe the clinical effect of articular cavity injection combined with bite splint therapy for the treatment of anterior disc displacement without reduction(ADDWoR).Methods:The research subjects for this...Objective:To observe the clinical effect of articular cavity injection combined with bite splint therapy for the treatment of anterior disc displacement without reduction(ADDWoR).Methods:The research subjects for this study were 30 patients with ADDWoR treated in the temporomandibular joint specialist outpatient clinic from November 2018 to November 2019,with a disease duration of 1 to 6 months.The treatment group was treated with an articular cavity injection of sodium hyaluronate+bite splint.The control group was treated with a simple articular cavity injection of sodium hyaluronate.The two groups were followed up once every 2 weeks to evaluate the treatment effect and observe the clinical efficacy of the two groups.Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS 24.0.t-test and general linear regression analysis were carried out to compare the data of both groups,andχ^(2)-test and binary logistic regression analysis were performed for pain index comparison.Results:There was no significant difference in terms of the efficacy of the treatment received by both groups.The mouth opening and joint pain of patients in both groups were significantly improved after treatment(P<0.001).Conclusion:Articular cavity injection of sodium hyaluronate and occlusal splint therapy are both effective and safe methods for treating ADDWoR.展开更多
The putative causes of bruxism are multifactorial and there are no definite measures for bruxism management.The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of biofeedback therapy on sleep bruxism,compared with occl...The putative causes of bruxism are multifactorial and there are no definite measures for bruxism management.The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of biofeedback therapy on sleep bruxism,compared with occlusal splint.Twenty-four volunteers with sleep bruxism were divided into two groups：the GTB group that were treated with biofeedback therapy（n 512） and the GTO group that were treated with occlusal splint（n 512）.A mini pressure sensor integrated with a monitoring circuit by use of a maxillary biofeedback splint was fabricated.To foster the relaxation of the masticatory muscles and the nervous system,the wireless device received signals from bruxism events and vibrations alerted the bruxer when the threshold was exceeded.Total episodes and average duration of bruxism events during8 hours of sleep were analyzed with the monitoring program（TRMY1.0）.After 6 and 12 weeks,the episodes（P 50.001） and duration（P,0.05） in the GTB group declined dramatically.In contrast,there were no significant differences in the GTO group after the treatment（P.0.05）.Furthermore,the episodes had significant differences between the GTB group and the GTO group after the same period of treatment（P 5 0.000）.The results suggest that biofeedback therapy may be an effective and convenient measure for mild bruxers,when compared with occlusal splint therapy.The mini wireless biofeedback method may be of value for the diagnosis and management of bruxism in the future.展开更多
Anterior repositioning splint(ARS)therapy is considered one of the most effective therapies for treating disc displacement-related temporomandibular disorders(TMDs),which account for a large proportion of TMD cases.Ow...Anterior repositioning splint(ARS)therapy is considered one of the most effective therapies for treating disc displacement-related temporomandibular disorders(TMDs),which account for a large proportion of TMD cases.Owing to the wide application of this therapy,the exact mechanism of remission has increasingly drawn attention.Given that practitioners have different views on ARS therapy,its indications are broadened,and operating methods diverged.This review attempts to provide an overview of ARS therapy and helps practitioners establish indications and suitable operating methods.Representative views in the past 10 years were summarised,and conclusions were drawn as follows:The mechanism of ARS therapy is mainly attributed to internal derangement correction,improvement of stress distribution and recently reported joint remodeling.It has an evident effect in the short term,and the most prevalent operating methods are protruding the mandible to the edge-to-edge position and wearing the ARS for 24 hours daily for 3-6 months.However,long-term stability is not optimal,and thus indications should be selected carefully.Notably,most of the clinical studies in this field are case analyses with low-quality evidence.Well-designed RCTs are required to further validate relevant theories.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effect of manual reduction with traditional small splints fixation for distal radius fractures in older patients in the emergency department.Methods:Older patients(aged at least 60 years)w...Objective:To investigate the effect of manual reduction with traditional small splints fixation for distal radius fractures in older patients in the emergency department.Methods:Older patients(aged at least 60 years)with distal radius fractures were enrolled in this study.The patients were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group.The treatment group was treated with manual reduction and small splints fixation.The control group was treated with manual reduction and resin plaster fixation.Before treatment,after reduction,and 3 months after treatment,the palmar tilt angle,ulnar deviation angle,and radial length were recorded.Before treatment and 3 months after treatment,the Cooney wrist joint scores were recorded.The time of fracture healing and related adverse events during the treatment were recorded.Results:Before treatment and after reduction,there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in palmar tilt angle,ulnar deviation angle,or radial length(P>0.05).Three months after treatment,the palmar tilt angle,ulnar deviation angle,and radial length of the treatment group were better than those of the control group(P<0.05).The Cooney wrist scores of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group three months after the treatment(P<0.05).The time of fracture healing of the treatment group was shorter than that of the control group,but the difference was no statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusions:Compared with resin plaster fixation,traditional small splints fixation for distal radius fractures in older patients have the advantages of less loss of fracture reduction and faster functional recovery.Besides,the method is simple and low cost thus,it needs to be promoted.展开更多
BACKGROUND Condylar osteophytes,a remodeling form of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis(TMJ OA),mainly manifest as marginal angular outgrowths of the condyle.Previous researchers have advocated surgical removal of...BACKGROUND Condylar osteophytes,a remodeling form of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis(TMJ OA),mainly manifest as marginal angular outgrowths of the condyle.Previous researchers have advocated surgical removal of condylar osteophytes.Reports on the effect of occlusal splint on TMJ OA patients’joints have mostly focused on treatment with this splint,which can reduce the absorption of the affected condyle and promote repair and regeneration.However,the effect of the splint on the dissolution of condylar osteophytes has not yet been reported.CASE SUMMARY A 68-year-old female patient suffered from occlusal discomfort with left facial pain for 2 years.Cone beam computed tomography showed a rare osteophyte on top of her left condyle.She was finally diagnosed with TMJ OA.The patient refused surgical treatment and received conservative treatment with a muscle balance occlusal splint.The pain experienced by the patient on the left side of her face was relieved,and her chewing ability recovered after treatment.The osteophyte dissolved,and the condylar cortex remained stable during long-term follow-up observations.CONCLUSION The muscle balance occlusal splint could be a noninvasive means of treating condylar osteophytes in TMJ OA patients.展开更多
There have been no studies reported on the difference in cortical activation during use of volar and dorsal hand splints.We attempted to investigate the difference in cortical activation in the somatosensory cortical ...There have been no studies reported on the difference in cortical activation during use of volar and dorsal hand splints.We attempted to investigate the difference in cortical activation in the somatosensory cortical area during use of volar and dorsal hand splints by functional magnetic resonance imaging（f MRI）.We recruited eight healthy volunteers.f MRI was performed while subjects who were fitted with volar or dorsal hand splints performed grasp-release movements.Regions of interest were placed on the primary motor cortex（M1）,primary somatosensory cortex（S1）,posterior parietal cortex（PPC）,and secondary somatosensory cortex（S2）.Results of group analysis of f MRI data showed that the total numbers of activated voxels in all ROIs were significantly higher during use of volar hand splint（3,376） compared with that（1,416） during use of dorsal hand splint.In each ROI,use of volar hand splint induced greater activation in all ROIs（M1：1,748,S1 ：1,455,PPC：23,and S2：150） compared with use of dorsal hand splint（M1：783,S1：625,PPC：0,and S2：8）.The peak activated value was also higher during use of volar hand splint（t-value：17.29） compared with that during use of dorsal hand splint（t-value：13.11）.Taken together,use of volar hand splint induced greater cortical activation relevant to somatosensory function than use of dorsal hand splint.This result would be important for the physiatrist and therapist to apply appropriate somatosensory input in patients with brain injury.展开更多
基金Foundation item： Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No 61004008）, the Central Universities under Grant HEUCFR1001 and LBH-10138 Higher Sliding Mode Control for Underactuated Surface Ship.
文摘The use of a glass-fiber reinforced composite in marine structures is becoming more common, particularly due to the potential weight savings. The mechanical response of the joint between a glass-fiber reinforced polymer （GRP） superstructure and a steel hull formed is examined and subsequently modified to improve performance through a combined program of modeling and testing. A finite-element model is developed to predict the response of the joint. The model takes into account the contact at the interface between different materials, progressive damage, large deformation theory, and a non-linear stress-strain relationship. To predict the progressive failure, the analysis combines Hashin failure criteria and maximum stress failure criteria. The results show stress response has a great influence on the strength and bearing of the joint. The Balsawood-steel interface is proved to be critical to the mechanical behavior of the joint. Good agreement between experimental results and numerical predictions is observed.
文摘The effects of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate copolymer （EVA） latex as an additive or a glass fiber surface modifier on the properties of Glass-Fiber （ GF ）/ Magnesium Oxychloride Cement （MOC） composites was studied. The mechanical properties, water resistance aud aging resistance of the cured GF/ MOC composites were estimated and chemical ingredients analysis and morphological study of the GF/ MOC composites were also performed. It is found that EVA added to the MOC matrix could substantially improve the interfacial adhesion, water resistance aud aging resistance of GF/ MOC composites. EVA treatment on glass fibers resulted in decreasing initial flexural strength of GF/ MOC composites while enhancing the soft coefficients. In addition, the drying time and dilution of the EVA treatment on glass fibers also had an otwioas effect on the properties of GF/ MOC composites. However, excessive EVA interfered with the growth of the 5 Mg（ OH）2· MgCl2 ·8H2O crystal and the properties of GF / MOC composites.
文摘Objective:To observe the clinical effect of articular cavity injection combined with bite splint therapy for the treatment of anterior disc displacement without reduction(ADDWoR).Methods:The research subjects for this study were 30 patients with ADDWoR treated in the temporomandibular joint specialist outpatient clinic from November 2018 to November 2019,with a disease duration of 1 to 6 months.The treatment group was treated with an articular cavity injection of sodium hyaluronate+bite splint.The control group was treated with a simple articular cavity injection of sodium hyaluronate.The two groups were followed up once every 2 weeks to evaluate the treatment effect and observe the clinical efficacy of the two groups.Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS 24.0.t-test and general linear regression analysis were carried out to compare the data of both groups,andχ^(2)-test and binary logistic regression analysis were performed for pain index comparison.Results:There was no significant difference in terms of the efficacy of the treatment received by both groups.The mouth opening and joint pain of patients in both groups were significantly improved after treatment(P<0.001).Conclusion:Articular cavity injection of sodium hyaluronate and occlusal splint therapy are both effective and safe methods for treating ADDWoR.
基金The Bureau of Health of Jiangsu Province supported this study(H200939)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD,2014-37)
文摘The putative causes of bruxism are multifactorial and there are no definite measures for bruxism management.The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of biofeedback therapy on sleep bruxism,compared with occlusal splint.Twenty-four volunteers with sleep bruxism were divided into two groups：the GTB group that were treated with biofeedback therapy（n 512） and the GTO group that were treated with occlusal splint（n 512）.A mini pressure sensor integrated with a monitoring circuit by use of a maxillary biofeedback splint was fabricated.To foster the relaxation of the masticatory muscles and the nervous system,the wireless device received signals from bruxism events and vibrations alerted the bruxer when the threshold was exceeded.Total episodes and average duration of bruxism events during8 hours of sleep were analyzed with the monitoring program（TRMY1.0）.After 6 and 12 weeks,the episodes（P 50.001） and duration（P,0.05） in the GTB group declined dramatically.In contrast,there were no significant differences in the GTO group after the treatment（P.0.05）.Furthermore,the episodes had significant differences between the GTB group and the GTO group after the same period of treatment（P 5 0.000）.The results suggest that biofeedback therapy may be an effective and convenient measure for mild bruxers,when compared with occlusal splint therapy.The mini wireless biofeedback method may be of value for the diagnosis and management of bruxism in the future.
文摘Anterior repositioning splint(ARS)therapy is considered one of the most effective therapies for treating disc displacement-related temporomandibular disorders(TMDs),which account for a large proportion of TMD cases.Owing to the wide application of this therapy,the exact mechanism of remission has increasingly drawn attention.Given that practitioners have different views on ARS therapy,its indications are broadened,and operating methods diverged.This review attempts to provide an overview of ARS therapy and helps practitioners establish indications and suitable operating methods.Representative views in the past 10 years were summarised,and conclusions were drawn as follows:The mechanism of ARS therapy is mainly attributed to internal derangement correction,improvement of stress distribution and recently reported joint remodeling.It has an evident effect in the short term,and the most prevalent operating methods are protruding the mandible to the edge-to-edge position and wearing the ARS for 24 hours daily for 3-6 months.However,long-term stability is not optimal,and thus indications should be selected carefully.Notably,most of the clinical studies in this field are case analyses with low-quality evidence.Well-designed RCTs are required to further validate relevant theories.
基金supported by scientific research project of China National Medicine Association(2019KYXM-Z199-35).
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of manual reduction with traditional small splints fixation for distal radius fractures in older patients in the emergency department.Methods:Older patients(aged at least 60 years)with distal radius fractures were enrolled in this study.The patients were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group.The treatment group was treated with manual reduction and small splints fixation.The control group was treated with manual reduction and resin plaster fixation.Before treatment,after reduction,and 3 months after treatment,the palmar tilt angle,ulnar deviation angle,and radial length were recorded.Before treatment and 3 months after treatment,the Cooney wrist joint scores were recorded.The time of fracture healing and related adverse events during the treatment were recorded.Results:Before treatment and after reduction,there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in palmar tilt angle,ulnar deviation angle,or radial length(P>0.05).Three months after treatment,the palmar tilt angle,ulnar deviation angle,and radial length of the treatment group were better than those of the control group(P<0.05).The Cooney wrist scores of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group three months after the treatment(P<0.05).The time of fracture healing of the treatment group was shorter than that of the control group,but the difference was no statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusions:Compared with resin plaster fixation,traditional small splints fixation for distal radius fractures in older patients have the advantages of less loss of fracture reduction and faster functional recovery.Besides,the method is simple and low cost thus,it needs to be promoted.
文摘BACKGROUND Condylar osteophytes,a remodeling form of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis(TMJ OA),mainly manifest as marginal angular outgrowths of the condyle.Previous researchers have advocated surgical removal of condylar osteophytes.Reports on the effect of occlusal splint on TMJ OA patients’joints have mostly focused on treatment with this splint,which can reduce the absorption of the affected condyle and promote repair and regeneration.However,the effect of the splint on the dissolution of condylar osteophytes has not yet been reported.CASE SUMMARY A 68-year-old female patient suffered from occlusal discomfort with left facial pain for 2 years.Cone beam computed tomography showed a rare osteophyte on top of her left condyle.She was finally diagnosed with TMJ OA.The patient refused surgical treatment and received conservative treatment with a muscle balance occlusal splint.The pain experienced by the patient on the left side of her face was relieved,and her chewing ability recovered after treatment.The osteophyte dissolved,and the condylar cortex remained stable during long-term follow-up observations.CONCLUSION The muscle balance occlusal splint could be a noninvasive means of treating condylar osteophytes in TMJ OA patients.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation(NRF) of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government(MSIP),No.2015R1A2A2A01004073
文摘There have been no studies reported on the difference in cortical activation during use of volar and dorsal hand splints.We attempted to investigate the difference in cortical activation in the somatosensory cortical area during use of volar and dorsal hand splints by functional magnetic resonance imaging（f MRI）.We recruited eight healthy volunteers.f MRI was performed while subjects who were fitted with volar or dorsal hand splints performed grasp-release movements.Regions of interest were placed on the primary motor cortex（M1）,primary somatosensory cortex（S1）,posterior parietal cortex（PPC）,and secondary somatosensory cortex（S2）.Results of group analysis of f MRI data showed that the total numbers of activated voxels in all ROIs were significantly higher during use of volar hand splint（3,376） compared with that（1,416） during use of dorsal hand splint.In each ROI,use of volar hand splint induced greater activation in all ROIs（M1：1,748,S1 ：1,455,PPC：23,and S2：150） compared with use of dorsal hand splint（M1：783,S1：625,PPC：0,and S2：8）.The peak activated value was also higher during use of volar hand splint（t-value：17.29） compared with that during use of dorsal hand splint（t-value：13.11）.Taken together,use of volar hand splint induced greater cortical activation relevant to somatosensory function than use of dorsal hand splint.This result would be important for the physiatrist and therapist to apply appropriate somatosensory input in patients with brain injury.
