Assessing the Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystems Nexus in Smart Irrigation: A Potato Farming Case Study in Lebanon

This study examines the Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystems (WEFE) nexus in Lebanese agriculture, with a focus on the shift from conventional surface irrigation techniques to advanced smart irrigation systems in the Bekaa region, specifically targeting potato cultivation. The study quantitatively analyzes the interaction among water, energy, and agricultural outputs at the farm scale using the WEFE Nexus framework for scenario analysis. It evaluates variations in water productivity, environmental effects, and economic outcomes, offering a detailed view of existing practices and their sustainable improvement potential. The WEFE Nexus assessment demonstrates that smart irrigation integration significantly decreased resource usage: water consumption was reduced by 58%, diesel fuel use for irrigation dropped by 57%, and the demand for labor and fertilizers decreased by 47% and 49%, respectively. This change led to enhanced crop yields and increased resource efficiency, demonstrating the potential of smart irrigation as a transformative strategy for sustainable agriculture in Lebanon and other arid areas. Economic analysis showed that farmers could recover the costs of installing the smart irrigation system within 3 months. The findings highlight the need for further research on integrating smart irrigation with renewable energy, showing potential for sustainable agricultural development. .

A Triple Nexus Water-Energy-Housing (WEH) Framework Modelling towards Improved Decision-Making in Humanitarian Operations

Given the challenges facing most humanitarian operations worldwide, a change of approach is needed to ensure greater sustainability of humanitarian settlements right from the planning stage. Some studies attribute unsustainability to inadequate provision of basic resources and highlight the apparent bottlenecks that prevent access to the meaningful data needed to plan and remedy problems. Most operations have relied on an “ad hoc ism” approach, employing parallel and disconnected data processing methods, resulting in a wide range of data being collected without subsequent prioritization to optimize interconnections that could enhance performance. There have been little efforts to study the trade-offs potentially at stake. This work proposes a new framework enabling all subsystems to operate in a single system and focusing on data processing perspective. To achieve this, this paper proposes a Triple Nexus Framework as an attempt to integrate water, energy, and housing sector data derived from a specific sub-system within the overall system in the application of Model-Based Systems Engineering. Understanding the synergies between water, energy, and housing, Systems Engineering characterizes the triple nexus framework and identifies opportunities for improved decision-making in processing operational data from these sectors. Two scenarios illustrate how an integrated platform could be a gateway to access meaningful operational data in the system and a starting point for modeling integrated human settlement systems. Upon execution, the model is tested for nexus megadata processing, and the optimization simulation yielded 67% satisfactory results, demonstrating that an integrated system could improve sustainability, and that capacity building in service delivery is more than beneficial.

基于Nexus的常州工学院绿色校园可持续发展研究

高校校园作为聚集师生的空间单元,在低碳、可持续发展的大背景下,绿色校园的建设逐渐深入各个高校中。本研究以常州工学院绿色校园作为研究对象,通过实地踏勘与现场调研的方法,充分了解校园的实际情况。运用Nexus可持续分析方法,以校园中人的价值、生态服务和规划治理作为绿色校园的关联要素;进而建立绿色校园的分析层与目标层,构建基于Nexus的绿色校园可持续发展分析体系,由此展开对常州工学院绿色校园的可持续发展分析,以便为绿色校园的建设提供一定参考,以及为研究绿色校园可持续发展提供新思路。

分布式数字音频路由系统NEXUS

介绍了一个大而复杂的矩阵和数字网络系统NEXUS系统,分析了NEXUS的音频网络系统,并从输入/输出资源和矩阵两个方面分析了NEXUS的应用。

Quality prediction of batch process using the global-local discriminant analysis based Gaussian process regression model

The conventional single model strategy may be ill- suited due to the multiplicity of operation phases and system uncertainty. A novel global-local discriminant analysis （GLDA） based Gaussian process regression （GPR） approach is developed for the quality prediction of nonlinear and multiphase batch processes. After the collected data is preprocessed through batchwise unfolding, the hidden Markov model （HMM） is applied to identify different operation phases. A GLDA algorithm is also presented to extract the appropriate process variables highly correlated with the quality variables, decreasing the complexity of modeling. Besides, the multiple local GPR models are built in the reduced- dimensional space for all the identified operation phases. Furthermore, the HMM-based state estimation is used to classify each measurement sample of a test batch into a corresponding phase with the maximal likelihood estimation. Therefore, the local GPR model with respect to specific phase is selected for online prediction. The effectiveness of the proposed prediction approach is demonstrated through the multiphase penicillin fermentation process. The comparison results show that the proposed GLDA-GPR approach is superior to the regular GPR model and the GPR based on HMM （HMM-GPR） model.

亦秀亦豪 腕挟风雷——从Jesperson的rank、junction、nexus角度赏析张晓风的行文风格

该文首先阐述了Jesperson的rank、junction与nexus的基本内涵。在大量实例分析的基础上,作者指出张晓风散文中修饰首品词的次品词别具一格,妙趣横生。然而可以充分体现张晓风散文非凡艺术创造力的淋漓健笔还在于充满动感、富有气势的nexus结构的大量采用。

以Jesperson的Nexus理论赏中国古诗词的诗眼妙用

该文首先分析了Jesperson的junction与nexus两种不同的词语组合方式。通过实例分析,作者指出古诗词中为全诗增色不少的诗眼往往是句中的动词,或是其他词性的词活用为动词。动词妙用不仅能铸就诗词意境,增强诗篇形象性,还能引发读者共鸣。因而进一步印证了Jesperson的nexus结构富有动感、充满活力特征。

Nexus及其在英汉文学翻译中的应用

junction和nexus是丹麦语言学家OttoJespersen提出的一对语言学概念。Jespersen认为一个首品词(primary)和一个附着语(adjunct)组合成一个偏正结构(junction),而一个首品词(primary)和一个谓语(predicate)组合成一个主谓结构(nexus)。Junction是一个意义的合成,只表达一个意义;Nexus则包含两个意义。Jespersen对比二者得出结论:junction就好比一幅画,而nexus则是一个过程,一出戏;前者较为呆板,缺乏生气,后者却灵活生动,富于生机。本文着重比较了junction和nexus的不同之处,进而讨论了nexus在英汉文学翻译中的应用,以期在实践中验证nexus的优势。

利用NEXUS模型对质心系碰撞能量200GeV的Au+Au碰撞中质子-反质子产额比的研究(英文)

采用一种新的强相互作用模型—— NEXUS产生器产生数据 ,研究了质心系能量 s N N =2 0 0 Ge V时 Au+Au碰撞下的质子 -反质子产额比 ,讨论了不同横动量和快度区间内产额比对碰撞对心度的依赖性 .发现中心快度区的质子 -反质子产额比不明显依赖于碰撞对心度、横动量和快度 ;对于快度和横动量在 |y|<1 .0和 pt<1 .0 Ge V条件下的最小无偏碰撞事件中 ,NEXUS模型的质子 -反质子产额比为 0 .943± 0 .0 0 2 ( stat.) .

A global-local finite element analysis of hybrid composite-to-metal bolted connections used in aerospace engineering

Efficient bolted joint design is an essential part of designing the minimum weight aerospace structures, since structural failures usually occur at connections and interface. A comprehensive numerical study of three-dimensional(3D) stress variations is prohibitively expensive for a large-scale structure where hundreds of bolts can be present. In this work, the hybrid composite-to-metal bolted connections used in the upper stage of European Ariane 5ME rocket are analyzed using the global-local finite element(FE) approach which involves an approximate analysis of the whole structure followed by a detailed analysis of a significantly smaller region of interest. We calculate the Tsai-Wu failure index and the margin of safety using the stresses obtained from ABAQUS. We find that the composite part of a hybrid bolted connection is prone to failure compared to the metal part. We determine the bolt preload based on the clamp-up load calculated using a maximum preload to make the composite part safe. We conclude that the unsuitable bolt preload may cause the failure of the composite part due to the high stress concentration in the vicinity of the bolt. The global-local analysis provides an efficient computational tool for enhancing 3D stress analysis in the highly loaded region.

Urban food-energy-water nexus:a case study in Beijing

Food,energy and water(FEW)are indispensable,irreplaceable and safeguarding resources with tangled interlinkages among each other,often framed in terms of‘nexus’.Cities have become the bustling hubs of resource consumption and production,facing the most intense stress.Globally,food security,fresh water shortage and fossil energy exhaustion have become the greatest challenge for the sustainable development of cities in the future.Systematic analysis and simulation of dynamic evolution of urban FEW demand and supply and its nexus would add significant and practical value for macro-management such as ensuring the security of urban resource.Taking Beijing as the case study,we established a dynamic model for the FEW demand and supply from the perspective of cross-ectoral and cross-regional nexus with the Stella modelling platform,then it was run for simulating the dynamic changes and nexus characteristics of FEW during the interval between 2016 and 2035.The results showed that:①The gap between local production and demand of these three resources in Beijing will continue to increase.In 2035,Beijing will need 2.16 million tons of grain,0.83 million tons of meat,4.6 billion m3 of water and 91.65 million tons of standard coal of energy while the resources produced and supplied by locality independently will be 0.21 million tons,0.23 million tons,3.3 billion cubic meters and 16.5 million tons of standard coal respectively.Beijing has to draw on cross-boundary production to meet FEW-use with the increasing gap between local supply and demand.②There is a developing trend of the absolute quantity of interaction among FEW.Structurally,the‘outsourcing’feature is obvious and the indigenous nexus links of three resources are shifting to back-end supply chain such as transportation and treatment.③The change of nexus indexes are mainly affected by the mutual and strong dependence between food and water.Food and energy depend more and more on each other;in contrast,the inter-relationship between water and energy is more stable.In addition,inter-regional FEW nexus is strengthened.④To improve systematic management of urban resources,we need to capture multi-tradeoffs of the FEW system comprehensively and establish a multi-regional and multi-factor integrated and collaborative resource management mechanism.

A Quantitative Assessment Framework for Water, Energy and Food Nexus

This paper presents a quantitative assessment framework of the Water, Energy and Food (W-E-F) nexus. The proposed approach allows integrated quantitative assessments by considering all the W-E-F intersectoral linkages and the competing demand for W-E-F resources to evaluate future development scenarios. Firstly, the conceptual model adopted for the proposed framework is presented. Secondly, a detailed methodological framework is introduced to serve as W-E-F nexus evaluation and planning platform. At the practical level, the model is applied to evaluate the W-E-F nexus in Lebanon. Finally, the conclusions and further developments are presented.

Metabolic-epigenetic nexus in regulation of stem cell fate

Stem cell fate determination is one of the central questions in stem cell biology,and although its regulation has been studied at genomic and proteomic levels,a variety of biological activities in cells occur at the metabolic level.Metabolomics studies have established the metabolome during stem cell differentiation and have revealed the role of metabolites in stem cell fate determination.While metabolism is considered to play a biological regulatory role as an energy source,recent studies have suggested the nexus between metabolism and epigenetics because several metabolites function as cofactors and substrates in epigenetic mechanisms,including histone modification,DNA methylation,and microRNAs.Additionally,the epigenetic modification is sensitive to the dynamic metabolites and consequently leads to changes in transcription.The nexus between metabolism and epigenetics proposes a novel stem cell-based therapeutic strategy through manipulating metabolites.In the present review,we summarize the possible nexus between metabolic and epigenetic regulation in stem cell fate determination,and discuss the potential preventive and therapeutic strategies via targeting metabolites.

Signal classification system using global-local feature extraction algorithm

A continuous wavelet transform(CWT)and globallocal feature(GLF)extraction-based signal classificationalgorithm is proposed to improve the signal classification accuracy.First,the CWT is utilized to generate the timefrequency scalogram.Then,the GLF extraction method is proposed to extract features from the time-frequency scalogram.Finally,a classification method based on the support vector machine(SVM)is proposed to classify the extracted features.Experimental results show that the extended binary phase shift keying(EBPSK)bit error rate(BER)of the proposed classification algorithm is1.3x10_5under the environment of additional white Gaussian noise with the signal-to-noise ratio of-3dB,which is24times lower than that of the SVM-based signal classification method.Meanwhile,the BER using the GLF extraction method is13times lower than the one using the global feature extraction method and24times lower than the one using the local feature extraction method.

Global-Local Finite Element Analysis for Predicting Separation in Cord-Rubber Composites of Radial Truck Tires

A global-local finite element modeling technique is employed in this paper to predict the separation in steel cord-rubber composite materials of radial truck tires. The local model uses a finite element analysis in conjunction with a glob-al-local technique in ABAQUS. A 3-dimensional finite element local model calculates the maximum cyclic shear strain of an interface between steel cord and rubber materials at the carcass ply shoulder region. It is found that the maximum cyclic shear strain is reliable as a result of the analysis of carcass ply separation in radial truck tires. Using the analysis of the local model, a study of the cyclic shear strain is performed in the shoulder region and used to deter-mine the carcass ply separation. The effect of the change of carcass ply design on the separation in steel cord-rubber composite materials of radial truck tires is discussed.

“联系式”(Nexus)和“读”的相似点及其引发的思考

汉语语法分析沿用英语词类划分标准,造成了在词类划分标准上长期争论不休。返观汉英两种语言中两部早期语法著作,我们不难发现,其实语法分析还可以有另外一个维度。在该文中,笔者就奥托叶斯伯森(Otto Jesperson)《英语文法精要》(Essentials ofEnglish Grammar)(1933)和《马氏文通》(马建忠,1983)两书中“联系式”(Nexus)和“读”两个概念作一简单对比分析。理解这两个概念的相似之处,不仅能给语法分析提供另一视角,还对翻译实践有一定的借鉴意义。

Water-Energy-Food Nexus: A Coupled Simulation and Optimization Framework

Water, Energy and Food (WEF) nexus systems are developed to model and analyze interactions across and between WEF sectors. WEF nexus simulation models permit evaluating the direct and indirect WEF quantitative interaction effects in response to change of technology and/or demand. Optimization models can help to find the optimal combinations of WEF nexus system policy options and parameters that lead to the best performance of the system. This paper describes a framework for integrating quantitative WEF nexus simulation model (the Q-Nexus Model) with an optimization tool, which will give policy makers the ability to compromise best policy options based on WEF nexus simulator. The developed method is then applied to the numerical experiment and the results are discussed. Lastly, the conclusions and further developments are presented.

Evaluation of Technology Change Effects on Quantitative Assessment of Water, Energy and Food Nexus

The quantitative assessment framework of the water, energy and food (WEF) nexus proposed by [1] permits the analysis of the WEF as an interconnected system of resources that directly and indirectly affect one another. The model performs simulation of policy options and scenarios that respond to quantitative variations of the use of WEF resources. One of the key outcomes of the mathematical formulation of the model is the WEF nexus intersectoral technology matrix. In order to take advantages and analyzing policy options of adopting high efficient intersectoral use technologies, WEF intersectoral use intensities and intersectoral allocation coefficients are introduced to the technology matrix of the nexus model proposed in [1]. The developed method is then applied to evaluate the WEF nexus case study of Lebanon. Lastly, the conclusions and further developments are presented.

GE新华OC 6000e Nexus系统在11号机DEH系统升级改造中的应用

针对我厂11号机组原DEH控制系统设备老化、供电系统复杂、调门控制精度低的缺点,在11号机组大修中对DEH控制系统进行了升级改造,由原来的DEH-V型控制系统升级为OC 6000e Nexus控制系统。本文简述了DEH系统的改造背景、改造的方案、改造后新系统的特点及功能介绍,并对存在的问题提出解决方案。

The Risk of Water, Energy, and Food Nexus under Regional Metabolism for Multi-Sector City

The Urban Nexus system creates another risk characteristic of resource metabolism. Urban metabolism has complex effects from multi-levels and multi-sectors resulted from the changes socio-economic. It is crucial to implement effective urban governance;in particular, resource metabolism creates a new nexus risk by dramatic growth in urban areas. The resource metabolism associates with water, energy, and food consumption on an urban scale that drives the intensity in resource metabolism. Therefore, this study estimates the FEW intensity of the nexus and demand side in material flow analysis by organizing into four categories of resource metabolism, including supply side, process side, demand side, and final sink. This research compares different characteristics for a small island dominated by tourism and a multi-sector city dominated by increasing economic activity. The resource intensity on the demand side and resource service systems are evaluated to identify the nexus intensity and risk for FEW nexus at the urban scale. This study determines that constraints for resource service systems are complex, and suggests that resource consumption intensity is higher in that particular nexus and demand sector. To avoid excessive loads on resource metabolism, sustainable resource management should implement trade-off strategies after analyzing the resource metabolism for urban nexus.