Fluid Inclusions in the Gold-Bearing Quartz Veins at Um Rus Area, Eastern Desert, Egypt

Fluid inclusions in the gold-bearing quartz veins at the Um Rus area are of three types: H\-2O, H\-2O-CO\-2 and CO\-2 inclusions. H\-2O inclusions are the most abundant, they include two phases which exhibit low and high homogenization temperatures ranging from 150 to 200℃ and 175 to 250℃, respectively. The salinity of aqueous inclusions, based on ice melting, varies between \{6.1\} and 8 equiv. wt% NaCl. On the other hand, H\-2O-CO\-2 fluid inclusions include three phases. Their total homogenization temperatures range from 270 to 325℃, and their salinity, based on clathrate melting, ranges between \{0.8\} and \{3.8\} equiv. wt% NaCl. CO\-2 fluid inclusions homogenize to a liquid phase and exhibit a low density range from \{0.52\} to \{0.66\} g/cm\+3. The partial mixing of H\-2O-CO\-2 and salt H\-2O-NaCl fluid inclusions is the main source of fluids from which the other types of inclusions were derived. The gold-bearing quartz veins are believed to be of medium temperature hydrothermal convective origin.

Rb-Sr Isotopic Chronology of the Au-Bearing Quartz Veins in Gold Deposits in the Eastern Part of North China Platform

In the eastern part of China there had occurred large\|scale gold mineralization during the Mesozoic, resulting in a large number of important gold ore\|concentrated areas. In this paper we have selected some isotope data (including four gold deposits previously studied and two gold deposits in this work) of Au\|bearing quartz veins of the representative gold deposits in six important gold ore\|concentrated areas in the periphery of the North China Platform and calculated their metallogenic ages using the method of Ludwig (2.90 version). The results show that the representative gold deposits in the six gold ore\|concentrated areas were formed during the Mesozoic.

Genesis and mineralization of gold-bearing quartz veins in the Xiao Qinling area,central China

Gold-bearing quartz veins of the Taihua Group consisting of Archean metavolcanic rocks are a main gold deposit type in the Xiao Qinling area,one of the three biggest gold production areas in China.The quartz veins experienced strong alteration characterized by a typical mesothermal hydrothermal altered mineral assemblage.The grade of gold is affected by the contents of sulphides,e.g.galena,pyrite and chalcopyrite.Results of minor elements analysis for the of gold-bearing quartz veins indicate higher contents of Au and high contents of Ag,Pb,Cu,Cd,W,and Mo.Abundant fluid inclusions were found in the gold-bearing quartz veins.Three types of fluid inclusions were identified:(1) aqueous inclusions;(2) CO 2-bearing inclusions;and(3) daughter crystal-bearing fluid inclusions.Homogenization temperatures ranged from 110 to 670℃ with low and high peaks appearing at 160 180℃ and 280 300℃,respectively.The salinity of aqueous inclusions varies between 1.8 wt% and 38.2 wt% NaCl.The homogenization temperature and salinity show a positive correlation.The H and O isotopes of fluid inclusions in the gold-bearing quartz veins indicate that magmatic solution and metamorphic hydrothermal solution,together with meteoric water,were involved in the formation of gold-bearing fluid.Mesozoic magma activities related to granite intrusions should be the main source of CO 2 fluid with higher temperature and salinity.

U-Pb SHRIMP Dating of Zircon from Quartz Veins of the Yangshan Gold Deposit in Gansu Province and Its Geological Significance

The Yangshan gold deposit is a super-large fine-grained disseminated gold deposit located in southern Gansu Province. Its metallogenic age has been determined by using the cathodoluminescence image and ion probe U-Pb dating techniques. It is found that zircons from quartz veinlet of the fine-grained disseminated gold ore show characters of magmatic origin with prism idiomorphism, oscillatory zoning and dominant Th/U ratios of 0.5-1.5. Three main populations of zircons are obtained, giving average 206Pb/238U ages of 197.6±1.7 Ma, 126.9±3.2 Ma and 51.2±1.3 Ma respectively. The first age corresponds to the K-Ar age of the plagiogranite dike, while the latter two ages indicate that buried Cretaceous and Tertiary intrusives exist in the orefield, suggesting that the Yangshan gold deposit was genetically related to the three magmatic hydrothermal activities. By contrast, zircons from coarse gold-bearing quartz vein in the mining area are much older than the host rock, indicating that the vein was formed earlier and was not contaminated by later magmatic fluids. It is concluded that the coupling of multiperiodic hydrothermal activities in the mining area has contributed a lot to mineralization of the Yangshan gold deposit.

The Bulong Gold Deposit-a Quartz-Barite Vein Type Gold Deposit in Xinjiang:Geological Characteristics and S, He and Ar Isotopic Compositions

The Bulong gold deposit, located in the southwest Tianshan in China, occurs in the Upper Devonian finegrained clastic rocks. The gold orebodies are controlled by an gently inclined interlayer fractured zone. They are hosted only in quartz-barite veins though there are barite veins and quartz veins in the ore district. The δ34S values of pyrite in the ores range from 14.6‰ to 19.2‰ and those of barite from 35.0‰ to 39.6‰, indicating that the sulfur was derived from the strata. 3He/4He ratios of fluid inclusions in pyrite are 0.24-0.82 R/Ra, approximating to that of the crust. The 40Ar/39Ar ratios range from 338 to 471, slightly higher than that of the atmosphere. 40Ar /4He ratios of ore fluids range from 0.015 to 0.412 with a mean of 0.153. Helium and argon isotope compositions of fluid inclusions show that the ore fluids of the Bulong gold deposit were mainly derived from the crust.

Auriferous Quartz Veins from the Dongping Gold Deposit, NW Hebei Province and Metallogenesis—Fluid Inclusion Rb-SrIsochron Evidence

The Dongping gold deposit, situated on the northern margin of the North China Platform, is a composite deposit composed of auriferous quartz vein-type and altered rock-type ore bodies. It is hosted in the inner contact zone of an alkaline intrusion which was intruded into Archean metamorphic rocks and was formed not later than the Hercynian peried. Auriferous quartz veins of the deposit are dated with the fluid inclusion Rb-Sr isochron method at 103 ±4Ma, indicating that the gold deposit was formed in the Yenshanian period. 87Sr/86Sr sourcetracing shows the ore-forming materials came dominantly from alkaline intrusions. These results, combined with other isotope and REE data, suggest that the Dengping gold deposit is not a traditional magmatic hydrothermal deposit, but a reworked hydrothermal deposit related to heated and evoved meteoric water.

REE geochemistry of auriferous quartz carbonate veins of Neoarchean Ajjanahalli gold deposit,Chitradurga schist belt,Dharwar Craton,India

REE composition of the carbonates of the auriferous quartz carbonate veins（QCVs） of the Neoarchean Ajjanahalli gold deposit.Chitradurga schist belt.Dharwar Craton,is characterized by U-shaped chondrite normalized REE patterns with both LREE and HREE enrichment and a distinct positive Eu anomaly.As positive Eu anomaly is associated with low oxygen fugacity,we propose that the auriferous fluids responsible for gold mineralization at Ajjanahalli could be from an oxygen depleted fluid.The observed positive Eu anomaly is interpreted to suggest the derivation of the auriferous fluids from a mantle reservoir.The location of Ajjanahalli gold deposit in a crustal scale shear zone is consistent with this interpretation.

Characteristics of Gold and Its Mineralization Style in the Boulon Djounga Eastern Perimeter of Liptako Mining Company (Central Southwestern Niger)

The Boulon Djounga eastern perimeter is part of the Tiawa operating permit of the Société des Mines du Liptako (SML), located in the central southwestern part of Liptako (Niger). In this study, we used field data, Reverse Circulation (RC) surveys and chemical analyzes of gold to determine the characteristics of gold and its mineralization style. The eastern perimeter of Boulon Djounga is represented by a succession of metabasalts and metasediments both intersected by intrusions of quartz and dolerite dykes, and covered by sandstone and clayey rocks. Gold is present in low contents (0.00 - 0.30 ppm) in the sedimentary cover and in medium (0.30 - 1.00 ppm) or high contents (1.00 - 4.534 ppm) in the metasediments, and in the gray quartz veins and locally in the volcanics. It exists in a disseminated state or in a concentrated state in the surrounding areas in the form of discrete grains associated with sulphurous minerals (pyrite: FeS2, chalcopyrite: CuFeS2 or arsenopyrite: FeAsS). The presence of gold in the quartz veins, and the NE-SW and NW-SE orientations of the ore bodies suggest that the eastern Boulon Djounga gold mineralization would be established during a late magmatic extensive phase.

Geology of the Structurally Controlled Quartz Vein Gold Mineralization in the Dikko Area, Part of Zungeru—Minna—Birnin Gwari Schist Belt, NW Nigeria

Dikko area, Niger State, North Central Nigeria falls within the Pan-African thermo-tectonic event which occurred in Nigeria as in other parts of West Africa with widespread effect on the mineralization of rejuvenated basement and geosynclinal trough deposits. The Pan-African Belt in Nigeria forms part of the Benin-Nigeria (Dahomeyan) shield which is regarded as the southern prolongation of the circumcratonic Pan-African belt of the West African Craton. Structurally controlled, gold-bearing quartz veins were measured and studied in the area from an extensive geological ground investigation. Field and petrographical studies indicate that the Neoproterozoic rocks constitute gneisses, amphibolite schist, amphibolites and migmatites. The amphibolites are intruded by pegmatites. The associated quartz veins are generally concordant with the main N-S regional structural trend. The lithological and structural studies carried out in these areas have demonstrated the relationship between structures and mineralization and/or lithology. The main characteristics of the gold mineralization in the area appear to indicate hydrothermal mineralization in connection with shear zones. This study allows us to predict that quartz veins in the amphibolite can be mined at a profit and a detailed geochemical and resource valuation needs to be carried out for the Au and associated Galena and Ag mineralization to fully exploit their economic potential.

Gold Behavior in Weathering Products of Quartz Vein in Mintom Area South Cameroon(Central Africa)

Gold mineralization in Mintom area, south Cameroon was studied in a tropical forest setting using X-ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP/AES) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP/MS) respectively for the mineralogical and chemical data. The mineralization occurs in quartz veins in the archean Ntem complex of the vast Congo Craton in Central Africa. Gold distribution patterns were vertically studied in the different horizons of the weathering profile and in the different grain-size fractions of the materials sampled in the pit on down slope of the interfluve where the mineralization exists. The weathering profile consists of an upper, thin loose sandy-clayey horizon (P6) covered by a light humic horizon, a nodular horizon with lateritic nodules or blocks (P5), a gravel horizon (P4), a thin spotted horizon (P3) and a saprolite (P2) up to 1.4 m thick. The specific geochemical signature of the bedrock is not recognized in each horizon of the weathering profile. Some groups of elements, e.g., high SiO2 and low REE characterize quartz vein while Cr-Ni characterizes a basic rock like gabbro. The residual gold is concentrated at the base of weathering profile. Its concentration increases from the saprolite up to the gravel horizon and decreases in the surface horizons. However, the evolution of visible Au distribution is not the same for all grain-size fractions: 1) in the finest fraction, the Au content is only regular in spotted and gravel horizons;2) in the medium size fractions, the Au is in high content and greatly decreases from saprolite up to the spotted horizon and disappears in the upper horizons;3) in the coarsest fraction, Au content is found in the saprolite and the maximum Au content of the weathering profile is found in this layer just above the mineralized quartz vein. This observation shows that the Mintom residual gold comes from the quartz vein.

辽东半岛五龙金矿外围电性特征及找矿意义

辽东五龙金矿经过80余年的开采,矿山资源储备严重下滑,后备资源不足问题日益突出,亟需查明矿区深部和外围矿产资源。通过在v163号脉西北和东南两侧以及100号断裂南侧开展瞬变电磁法测量工作,构建了相应的二维和三维地电模型,分析了矿区低阻异常特征;结合前人研究成果,推断出金矿成因类型和下一步找矿方向。研究结果表明:v163号脉西北方向P0剖面上低阻区是由包括163号脉西北段的细粒闪长岩脉群引起的,属于石英脉型成矿的可能性较大;100号断裂南侧三维地电模型中的低阻区域与大孤顶子金矿矿化点相对应,该低阻区向北侧深部规模增大,异常未封闭,表明该区域北侧深部具有良好的找矿前景,值得进一步开展研究工作;v163号脉东南方向的三维地电模型中,低阻异常值在数量级上明显低于前二者,推测为蚀变带引起,后经工程验证孔揭露,该区域纵向存在多层不连续的硅化蚀变岩,最大厚度为41m,蚀变类型有硅化、绢云母化、绿泥石化以及不同程度的黄铁矿化。研究表明,五龙金矿不仅存在石英脉型金矿体,还有蚀变岩型金矿体,后者可能是该矿区下一个找矿的主要方向。

Dual origins of Xiaoqinling gold-bearing quartz veins:Fluid inclusion evidence

Fluid inclusion research in Archean metamorphic rocks, Yanshanian granite and gold-bearing quartz veins shows that regional metamorphic fluids are high temperature and high saline, Yanshanian post-granitic fluids are CO2-bearing low saline, and ore-forming fluids are also CO2-rich low saline. In gold-barren/free parts of quartz veins in gold deposits, daughter mineral-bearing high saline inclusions related with metamorphic fluids remained. This proclaims quartz veins hosting gold ores might have been formed in early metamorphism, and overlapped or mineralized by late Yanshanian gold-bearing fluids.

高精度磁测在柴达木盆地北缘三角顶金矿床找矿中的应用

三角顶金矿床位于柴北缘结合带滩间山岩浆弧,是区域造山型金矿成矿事件响应的产物;研究区主要出露寒武系—奥陶系滩间山群火山岩组,岩性主要为玄武岩、硅质岩等;岩浆活动强烈,主要为晚泥盆世花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩等,岩体中发育辉绿岩脉、石英脉等;基性—酸性岩中磁性由强变弱,其中辉长岩、二长花岗岩磁化率最高分别为8815.6×10^(-6)×4π·SI、5992.4×10^(-6)×4π·SI,可能由磁铁矿化、黄铁矿化引起强磁化率;磁异常呈锯齿状不规则跳跃,强度中等,梯度变化大,幅值为-733~820 nT;高精度磁法测量对与金矿成矿关系密切的断裂构造、破碎蚀变带等地质体有较好的分辨效果,经高精度磁法探测出局部异常呈串珠状分布,沿异常轴部存在断裂构造。经部分工程验证,在区内圈定构造蚀变带12条、金矿体7条、金矿化体40余条,M18-2异常与区内化探异常、深部工程验证等找矿信息相吻合,为区内进一步金矿找矿方向提供了依据。

吉林省西岔金银矿床多阶段石英原位组成及地质意义

西岔金银矿床为早白垩世中温热液脉型,主要产金,伴生银。成矿过程先后经历了热液成矿期和表生成矿期。其中,热液成矿期可划分为3个成矿阶段,每个成矿阶段都发育热液石英。利用LA-ICP-MS原位微区分析技术,对不同成矿阶段石英开展了微量元素组成分析。结果显示,第二阶段为主成矿阶段,矿化最为强烈,是金的主要生成阶段。载金矿物以硫化物为主,但第二阶段Sb、Bi含量显著升高,Au、Ag与Cu、Pb、Zn等金属元素具有正相关关系,说明主成矿阶段的载金矿物可能还有碲化物和铋化物,以微颗粒形式包裹于石英中。基于热液石英Ti含量构建的石英Ti地质温度计显示,热液成矿期成矿温度逐渐降低。石英中Al、Ti、Li含量的规律性变化,表明成矿流体pH逐渐升高,由最初的酸性逐渐向中性、弱碱性演化。

安徽东至县方坑坞—杨树桥地区金矿化特征及成因探讨

安徽东至县方坑坞—杨树桥地区金多金属矿大地构造位置处于扬子准地台下扬子台坳的石台穹褶断束与江南台隆交接部位,受近东西向断裂控制。金矿(化)体主要产于休宁组与小安里组层间破碎带及邓家组与葛公镇组界面韧性剪切带中,呈脉状、网脉状,总体北倾。矿石矿物主要有自然金、褐铁矿、黄铁矿等,脉石矿物以石英为主,次为绢云母、绿泥石等。矿化类型为石英脉型金矿及含金构造蚀变岩型。找矿标志有构造、石英脉、蚀变、化探异常等。

胶东玲珑金矿床成矿地质特征及矿床成因

玲珑金矿床位于华北克拉通东部胶东大型金矿集区西北部,是全球典型石英脉型金矿床之一,金资源总量超过1000 t,但对于其矿床成因一直存在争议。通过系统总结玲珑金矿床地质特征、地质年代学、成矿流体特征及同位素数据,详细探讨了成矿地质特征和矿床成因。玲珑金矿床形成年龄集中在120~125 Ma,成矿流体整体属于中低温、低盐度、低密度热液流体,主要源自岩浆流体,并混有少量大气降水。C-H-O-S-Pb同位素指示,玲珑金矿床成矿流体主要来自地幔来源岩浆流体,并伴有壳源流体加入。早白垩世,华北克拉通东部岩石圈拆沉减薄引发软流圈上涌,进而不断底侵岩石圈地幔,发生部分熔融形成基性岩脉岩浆。基性岩脉岩浆上涌至地壳浅部时,温度、压力急速下降,脱气形成流体,沿着次级断裂沉淀形成金矿床,具有典型胶东型金矿床特征。

某石英脉型含金矿石工艺矿物学研究

针对某石英脉型含金矿石进行了详细的工艺矿物学研究,并在此基础上开展了重选—重尾浮选试验及金流失状态考查。研究结果表明:金为唯一有价回收元素,金品位为1.78 g/t。金矿物主要以自然金、银金矿形式存在,以包裹金(占45.33%)形式嵌布。粒度主要集中在-0.037 mm,占78.98%。采用重选—重尾浮选工艺,总金回收率为94.80%,浮选尾矿中流失的金矿物主要以脉石矿物包裹金形式存在,目的矿物浸出效果良好,金流失特征符合工艺矿物学研究结果。

庄河市新房金矿区找矿方向探讨

庄河市新房金矿区为辽南地区新发现的大型矿床,属庄河-桓仁断裂构造体系,区内褶皱构造发育程度一般,断裂构造较为发育,庄凤构造虽然为区域内规模最大构造,但属导矿构造,其次级构造燕山期构造为成矿期控矿构造,矿体多而分散,研究区域成矿规律对找矿突破有着重要指导意义。通过分析该矿区区的地质特征、矿体特征、矿床成因。明确了该矿床以充填、交代为主,属于中-低温热液交代充填型成因。含金地质体赋存于太古界鞍山群变片麻岩地层内,具明显层控性,主要为石英脉、硅钾蚀变岩二类含金地质体,两者呈迭加过渡关系或单独产出,属石英脉和硅钾蚀变岩型金矿,指出元古代盖层与太古代基底接触带部位是找矿有利靶区。

河北省苇子沟金矿矿床地质特征及成矿规律研究

研究区位于燕辽沉降带、马兰峪-山海关隆起北部,都山岩体东南侧NE-NNE向弧形构造带中。区内主要含矿构造为北东东向、南北向断裂,含金石英脉直接赋存其中,呈似板状、透镜状,具尖灭再现、脉壁平直光滑等特征。矿区金矿化富集经历了片理化构造阶段、石英脉阶段、含金黄铁矿石英脉阶段和碳酸盐化阶段,其中含金黄铁矿石英脉阶段决定了金矿床的品位,聚晶团囊状黄铁矿化金品位较高,细晶细脉状或粉脉状品位较低。根据金矿化阶段及富集规律分析,本区矿床成因属中低温热液成矿含金硫化物石英脉型金矿,成矿以充填方式为主。

橡胶衬板在难磨金矿磨矿工艺中的应用

针对某黄金选矿厂处理的石英脉型难磨硫化金矿一直沿用传统的锰钢衬板,在使用过程中存在使用周期短、吨矿成本高、安装困难等弊端,通过技术论证,将二段与三段磨锰钢衬板替换为橡胶衬板。应用实践表明,橡胶衬板磨矿生产稳定,在确保磨矿生产能力与磨矿产品细度的同时,有效延长了使用周期,降低了磨矿电耗、钢耗、噪音,且更换或维修更加轻便,综合效益显著。