Carotenoids, which generate yellow, orange, and red colors, are crucial pigments in avian plumage. Investigations into genes associated with carotenoid- based coloration in avian species are important; however, such r...Carotenoids, which generate yellow, orange, and red colors, are crucial pigments in avian plumage. Investigations into genes associated with carotenoid- based coloration in avian species are important; however, such research is difficult because carotenoids cannot be synthetized in vertebrates as they are only derived from dietary sources. Here, the golden pheasant （Chrysolophus pictus） was used as a model in analysis of candidate gene expression profiles implicated in carotenoid binding and deposition. Using mass and Raman spectrometry to confirm the presence of carotenoids in golden pheasant feathers, we found C40H540 and C40H5602 in feathers with yellow to red colors, and in the rachis of iridescent feathers. The global gene expression profiles in golden pheasant skins were analyzed by RNA-seq and all six carotenoid binding candidate genes sequenced were studied by real- time PCR. STAR4, GSTA2, Scarbl, and APOD in feather follicles showed different expressions in red breast and orange nape feathers compared with that of iridescent mantle feathers. Further comparison of golden pheasant yellow rump and Lady Amherst＇s pheasant （Chrysolophus amherstiae） white nape feathers suggested that GSTA2 and APOD played a potential role in carotenoid-based coloration in golden pheasant.展开更多
通过正交试验和单因素试验研究了不锈钢电化学抛光及着色工艺。结果表明,在用14 g CrO3、30 mlC3H8O3、90 ml H3PO4、60 ml H2SO4和20 ml H2O配制的抛光液中,控制温度约80℃、电流密度约15 A/dm2,对不锈钢试片电化学抛光约10 min,其光...通过正交试验和单因素试验研究了不锈钢电化学抛光及着色工艺。结果表明,在用14 g CrO3、30 mlC3H8O3、90 ml H3PO4、60 ml H2SO4和20 ml H2O配制的抛光液中,控制温度约80℃、电流密度约15 A/dm2,对不锈钢试片电化学抛光约10 min,其光亮度可达1级;在用21 g CrO3、60 ml H2SO4和100 ml H2O配制的着色液中,控制电流密度约0.60 A/dm2、温度70℃,对不锈钢电化学着色约3 min,其金黄色着色膜美观均匀、与基体结合力强、耐磨、耐腐蚀、耐高温。此工艺具有设备简单、可控性好、效率高、重现性好等优点。展开更多
基金supported by the 2014 Fundamental Research Program from Science and Technology of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China
文摘Carotenoids, which generate yellow, orange, and red colors, are crucial pigments in avian plumage. Investigations into genes associated with carotenoid- based coloration in avian species are important; however, such research is difficult because carotenoids cannot be synthetized in vertebrates as they are only derived from dietary sources. Here, the golden pheasant （Chrysolophus pictus） was used as a model in analysis of candidate gene expression profiles implicated in carotenoid binding and deposition. Using mass and Raman spectrometry to confirm the presence of carotenoids in golden pheasant feathers, we found C40H540 and C40H5602 in feathers with yellow to red colors, and in the rachis of iridescent feathers. The global gene expression profiles in golden pheasant skins were analyzed by RNA-seq and all six carotenoid binding candidate genes sequenced were studied by real- time PCR. STAR4, GSTA2, Scarbl, and APOD in feather follicles showed different expressions in red breast and orange nape feathers compared with that of iridescent mantle feathers. Further comparison of golden pheasant yellow rump and Lady Amherst＇s pheasant （Chrysolophus amherstiae） white nape feathers suggested that GSTA2 and APOD played a potential role in carotenoid-based coloration in golden pheasant.
文摘通过正交试验和单因素试验研究了不锈钢电化学抛光及着色工艺。结果表明,在用14 g CrO3、30 mlC3H8O3、90 ml H3PO4、60 ml H2SO4和20 ml H2O配制的抛光液中,控制温度约80℃、电流密度约15 A/dm2,对不锈钢试片电化学抛光约10 min,其光亮度可达1级;在用21 g CrO3、60 ml H2SO4和100 ml H2O配制的着色液中,控制电流密度约0.60 A/dm2、温度70℃,对不锈钢电化学着色约3 min,其金黄色着色膜美观均匀、与基体结合力强、耐磨、耐腐蚀、耐高温。此工艺具有设备简单、可控性好、效率高、重现性好等优点。
