Single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNP） of chicken gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor （GnRHR） and neuropeptide Y （NPY） were selected to identify the genotypes of Wenchang （Chinese indigenous breed） chicken ...Single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNP） of chicken gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor （GnRHR） and neuropeptide Y （NPY） were selected to identify the genotypes of Wenchang （Chinese indigenous breed） chicken with restricton fragment length polymorphisms. The associations of the SNPs with the total egg production （NE）, average days of continual laying （ADCL）, and number of double-yolked eggs （DYE） traits were analyzed. The frequency of restriction enzyme A/a alleles in the population was for GnRHR 0.69 （Bpu1102 Ⅰ A） and 0.31 （Bpu1102 Ⅰ a） and for NPY 0.46 （Dra Ⅰ B） and 0.54 （Dra Ⅰ b）. Trait data from a total of 120 hens, which were purebred introduced from Hainan Province, China from one generation were recorded. Two significant effects of genes＇ marker were found： for GnRHR and number of eggs （dominant; t= 2.67, df= 116） and NPY and number of eggs （additive; t= 1.97, df= 116）. The current research supports the effects of GnRHR and NPY genes on egg-laying traits of chickens.展开更多
[ Objective] To locate gonadotropin-releasing hormone （GnRH） in pituitary of Guangxi swamp buffaloes and to provide a theoretical ba- sis for cloning and sequence analysis of GnRH receptor gene. [ Method] GnRH in pi...[ Objective] To locate gonadotropin-releasing hormone （GnRH） in pituitary of Guangxi swamp buffaloes and to provide a theoretical ba- sis for cloning and sequence analysis of GnRH receptor gene. [ Method] GnRH in pituitary were immunohistochemically stained by avidin biotin complex method. The GnRH expression was analyzed with image system. The GnRH receptor gene was amplified by real-time PCR. [ Result] Many GnRH positive cells were detected in pars distalis of adenohypophysis. GnRH were distributed in cytoplasm but not in nuclei. No positive sig- nal was observed in neurohypophysis. In addition, the GnRH receptor gene, 920 bp in size, was amplified. [ Conclusion] A large number of GnRH and GnRH receptor were found in pars distalis of adenohypophysis, which indicates that anterior pituitary is an important tissue for functions of hypo- thalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis and other endocrine axes.展开更多
Kisspeptin is essential for activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis. In this study, we established gonadotropin-releasing hormone/enhanced green fluorescent protein transgenic rats. Rats were injected wit...Kisspeptin is essential for activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis. In this study, we established gonadotropin-releasing hormone/enhanced green fluorescent protein transgenic rats. Rats were injected with 1, 10, or 100 pM kisspeptin-10, a peptide derived from full-length kisspeptin, into the arcuate nucleus and medial preoptic area, and with the kJsspeptJn antagonist peptJde 234 into the lateral cerebral ventricle. The results of immunohistochemical staining revealed that pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion was suppressed after injection of antagonist peptide 234 into the lateral cerebral ventricle, and a significant increase in luteinizing hormone level was observed after kisspeptin-10 injection into the arcuate nucleus and medial preoptic area. The results of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that luteinizing hormone levels during the first hour of kisspeptin-10 infusion into the arcuate nucleus were significantly greater in the 100 pM kisspeptin-10 group than in the 10 pM kisspeptin-10 group. These findings indicate that kisspeptin directly promotes gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion and luteinizing hormone release in gonadotropin-releasing hormone/enhanced green fluorescent protein transgenic rats. The arcuate nucleus is a key component of the kisspeptin-G protein-coupled receptor 54 signaling pathway underlying regulating luteinizing hormone pulse secretion.展开更多
Background Type I gonadotropin-releasing hormone （GnRH-l） agonists have been applied for the treatment of steroid-dependent tumors such as breast carcinoma, ovarian cancer and prostatic carcinoma. But the mechanism ...Background Type I gonadotropin-releasing hormone （GnRH-l） agonists have been applied for the treatment of steroid-dependent tumors such as breast carcinoma, ovarian cancer and prostatic carcinoma. But the mechanism has not been clarified yet. There are few reports about the treatment of endometrial carcinoma using GnRH-l agonists. Type II GnRH （GnRH-ll） is a new subtype of GnRH. Our aim was to investigate the effects of GnRH-l agonists and GnRH-ll on estrogen receptor-negative human endometrial carcinoma cells and the effect from phosphatase and tensin homolog gene （PTEN） to them.Methods A lentiviral vector-mediated RNAi method was used to establish a PTEN-negative HEC-1A cell clone （HEC-1A-ND）. MTT and flow cytometry were used to detect the cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of HEC-1A, HEC-1A-NC and HEC-1A-ND cells after treatment with GnRH-l agonist Triptorelin （10-11 mol/L to 10-5 mol/L） or GnRH-ll （10-11 mol/L to 10-5 mol/L）. Western blotting was used to detect AKT and ERK1/2 activation after treatment with different concentrations of Triptorelin or GnRH-ll for 30 minutes in the above mentioned three kinds of cells. Results Triptorelin and GnRH-ll induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation of HEC-1 A, HEC-1A-ND and HEC-1A-NC in a dose-dependent manner. This effect was augmented in HEC-1 A-ND cells in which PTEN gene was knocked-down. Furthermore, Triptorelin and GnRH-ll inhibited the AKT and ERK activity in HEC-1 A-ND cells.Conclusions Triptorelin and GnRH-ll can promote apoptosis rate and inhibit cell proliferation of estrogen receptor-negative endometrial carcinoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. PTEN gene can inhibit the effects of Triptorelin or GnRH-ll on human endometrial carcinoma cells.展开更多
Although gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), GnRH like molecule, and GnRH receptor (GnRH R) have been reported to exist in several tissues other than brain or anterior pituitary, there are no reports concerning ...Although gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), GnRH like molecule, and GnRH receptor (GnRH R) have been reported to exist in several tissues other than brain or anterior pituitary, there are no reports concerning GnRH or GnRH R gene expression in a normal pancreatic gland. In order to define the production of GnRH as well as GnRH R in the pancreatic gland, we examined their gene expression in various developmental stages of rat pancreas using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR). GnRH mRNA transcripts were found in pancreas of male and female rats at different ages, expressing at about the same level, whereas GnRH R mRNA transcripts could not be detected in any rat pancreatic gland samples. These results suggest a possible biological role of GnRH in rodent pancreas.展开更多
文摘Single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNP） of chicken gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor （GnRHR） and neuropeptide Y （NPY） were selected to identify the genotypes of Wenchang （Chinese indigenous breed） chicken with restricton fragment length polymorphisms. The associations of the SNPs with the total egg production （NE）, average days of continual laying （ADCL）, and number of double-yolked eggs （DYE） traits were analyzed. The frequency of restriction enzyme A/a alleles in the population was for GnRHR 0.69 （Bpu1102 Ⅰ A） and 0.31 （Bpu1102 Ⅰ a） and for NPY 0.46 （Dra Ⅰ B） and 0.54 （Dra Ⅰ b）. Trait data from a total of 120 hens, which were purebred introduced from Hainan Province, China from one generation were recorded. Two significant effects of genes＇ marker were found： for GnRHR and number of eggs （dominant; t= 2.67, df= 116） and NPY and number of eggs （additive; t= 1.97, df= 116）. The current research supports the effects of GnRHR and NPY genes on egg-laying traits of chickens.
基金supported by the grants from Research and Innovation Project for Master Degree Candidates(105930903014)Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(06400150832043 and 0991042+3 种基金Guangxi Science and Technology Department)Research Foundation of Guangxi Education Department(200709LX075Guangxi Education and Research)Guangxi Large-scale Instrument Collaboration and Sharing Network Program
文摘[ Objective] To locate gonadotropin-releasing hormone （GnRH） in pituitary of Guangxi swamp buffaloes and to provide a theoretical ba- sis for cloning and sequence analysis of GnRH receptor gene. [ Method] GnRH in pituitary were immunohistochemically stained by avidin biotin complex method. The GnRH expression was analyzed with image system. The GnRH receptor gene was amplified by real-time PCR. [ Result] Many GnRH positive cells were detected in pars distalis of adenohypophysis. GnRH were distributed in cytoplasm but not in nuclei. No positive sig- nal was observed in neurohypophysis. In addition, the GnRH receptor gene, 920 bp in size, was amplified. [ Conclusion] A large number of GnRH and GnRH receptor were found in pars distalis of adenohypophysis, which indicates that anterior pituitary is an important tissue for functions of hypo- thalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis and other endocrine axes.
文摘Kisspeptin is essential for activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis. In this study, we established gonadotropin-releasing hormone/enhanced green fluorescent protein transgenic rats. Rats were injected with 1, 10, or 100 pM kisspeptin-10, a peptide derived from full-length kisspeptin, into the arcuate nucleus and medial preoptic area, and with the kJsspeptJn antagonist peptJde 234 into the lateral cerebral ventricle. The results of immunohistochemical staining revealed that pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion was suppressed after injection of antagonist peptide 234 into the lateral cerebral ventricle, and a significant increase in luteinizing hormone level was observed after kisspeptin-10 injection into the arcuate nucleus and medial preoptic area. The results of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that luteinizing hormone levels during the first hour of kisspeptin-10 infusion into the arcuate nucleus were significantly greater in the 100 pM kisspeptin-10 group than in the 10 pM kisspeptin-10 group. These findings indicate that kisspeptin directly promotes gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion and luteinizing hormone release in gonadotropin-releasing hormone/enhanced green fluorescent protein transgenic rats. The arcuate nucleus is a key component of the kisspeptin-G protein-coupled receptor 54 signaling pathway underlying regulating luteinizing hormone pulse secretion.
基金This work was supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30571938） and the ＂985＂ Project of the Peking University Health Science Center （No. 985-2-015-24）.Acknowledgments： We thank Prof. Dan Cacsire Castillo Tong, Molecular Oncology Group of Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Medical University of Vienna, for the helpful advice on revision of the manuscript and English wording.
文摘Background Type I gonadotropin-releasing hormone （GnRH-l） agonists have been applied for the treatment of steroid-dependent tumors such as breast carcinoma, ovarian cancer and prostatic carcinoma. But the mechanism has not been clarified yet. There are few reports about the treatment of endometrial carcinoma using GnRH-l agonists. Type II GnRH （GnRH-ll） is a new subtype of GnRH. Our aim was to investigate the effects of GnRH-l agonists and GnRH-ll on estrogen receptor-negative human endometrial carcinoma cells and the effect from phosphatase and tensin homolog gene （PTEN） to them.Methods A lentiviral vector-mediated RNAi method was used to establish a PTEN-negative HEC-1A cell clone （HEC-1A-ND）. MTT and flow cytometry were used to detect the cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of HEC-1A, HEC-1A-NC and HEC-1A-ND cells after treatment with GnRH-l agonist Triptorelin （10-11 mol/L to 10-5 mol/L） or GnRH-ll （10-11 mol/L to 10-5 mol/L）. Western blotting was used to detect AKT and ERK1/2 activation after treatment with different concentrations of Triptorelin or GnRH-ll for 30 minutes in the above mentioned three kinds of cells. Results Triptorelin and GnRH-ll induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation of HEC-1 A, HEC-1A-ND and HEC-1A-NC in a dose-dependent manner. This effect was augmented in HEC-1 A-ND cells in which PTEN gene was knocked-down. Furthermore, Triptorelin and GnRH-ll inhibited the AKT and ERK activity in HEC-1 A-ND cells.Conclusions Triptorelin and GnRH-ll can promote apoptosis rate and inhibit cell proliferation of estrogen receptor-negative endometrial carcinoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. PTEN gene can inhibit the effects of Triptorelin or GnRH-ll on human endometrial carcinoma cells.
基金the National Natural Sciences Foundationof China(No. 39770 388)
文摘Although gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), GnRH like molecule, and GnRH receptor (GnRH R) have been reported to exist in several tissues other than brain or anterior pituitary, there are no reports concerning GnRH or GnRH R gene expression in a normal pancreatic gland. In order to define the production of GnRH as well as GnRH R in the pancreatic gland, we examined their gene expression in various developmental stages of rat pancreas using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR). GnRH mRNA transcripts were found in pancreas of male and female rats at different ages, expressing at about the same level, whereas GnRH R mRNA transcripts could not be detected in any rat pancreatic gland samples. These results suggest a possible biological role of GnRH in rodent pancreas.
