我国慈善超市的定位与发展——与Goodwill的对比分析

Goodwill是世界上最早创立的慈善超市,经过多年发展,已经成为美国最有价值和公认的非营利性品牌之一。反观我国,慈善超市的优势和功能尚未充分显现与发挥,无法实现良性互动。本文通过对比分析我国慈善超市与Goodwill在定位、运作上的差异,思考存在的问题,提出致力于塑造良好的运营氛围,以社区为依托,推动构建就业导向型的新型慈善超市的主张。

Full-Goodwill Method of Accounting for Business Combinations and Quality of Financial Statements

Accounting goodwill arises as a result of business combinations and appears in a consolidated balance sheet of an acquirer. It is an intangible asset which reflects an excess of value of an acquired business as a whole over a summed value of its identifiable net assets. Since 2010, the International Financial Reporting Standards （IFRS） allow for two alternative methods of measuring goodwill in those business combinations, where an acquirer obtains a control over a target company without obtaining 100% share in its shareholder＇s equity. Under one of these methods, which is called a ＂full-goodwill method＂, the goodwill attributable to non-controlling interests in subsidiary is measured at fair value. Thus, the main accounting problem with this method lies in its requirement to estimate the fair value of non-controlling interests. This paper suggests that the ＂full-goodwill method＂ may sacrifice financial statement reliability for its alleged relevance, with significant potential for ＂creative accounting＂. The problems with reliability and transparency of financial statements, when ＂full-goodwill method＂ is applied, are illustrated by a real-life example of the takeover of Formula Systems Ltd. by Asseco Group （one of the biggest IT companies in Europe, listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange）.

Business Combinations, Goodwill and Deferred Taxes： Evidences Emerging From a Comparative Analysis Between Italy and Bulgaria

The starting point for the research was the evidence of a possible contradiction in the provisions of IAS 12 on goodwill and deferred income taxes, i.e., about the need to calculate deferred income taxation on temporary differences relating to all assets except for goodwill. This paper aims at exploring the degree of consistency between the theoretical provisions of International Accounting Standards （IAS）/International Financial Reporting Standards （IFRS） and their actual application by the management of Italian and Bulgarian listed companies, as regards the accounting treatments of deferred income taxes relating to the item ＂goodwill＂. The findings suggest that there are some differences between the accounting methods used by the management of most Italian listed companies and the provisions of IAS/IFRS. It can be argued that the rules given by IAS/IFRS are sometimes contradictory, since they may cause doubts in interpretation. As a consequence, in the end of the paper, an amendment to the provisions, set forth in IAS/IFRS concerning the accounting treatment of deferred income taxes relating to the item ＂goodwill＂, is proposed.

Accounting for goodwill under FRS 136： Case of Malaysian plantation companies

The introduction of FRS （financial reporting standards） 136 to Malaysian PLC＇s （public limited company） in 2006 indirectly formalized accounting for purchased goodwill for the first time. Based on a sample of 2006 annual reports of 10 Main Board companies from plantation sector, the study finds the level of desired disclosure has yet to be met. Whilst the intention of the standard is noble, actual practice for first time reporting entities indicate that Malaysian PLC＇s and their auditors have far to go before they can meet the expectation set by FRS 136 in particular and International Financial Reporting Standards in general.

Disclosure Quality in Goodwill Impairment Tests： Turkey Case

The issue of goodwill impairment has been debated in many countries throughout the world. Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards （IFRS） introduced fundamental changes in accounting and impairment methods for goodwill. Since global stock markets went into decline in 2008, there has been much debate over the issue of goodwill impairment in the US and European stock exchange markets, especially on how large the write-downs should be. Complexity of International Accounting Standards （IAS） and IFRS focusing on goodwill and goodwill impairment techniques may lead to inconsistent compliance and varying levels of disclosure quality. The aim of this study is to analyze goodwill impairment during and after the recent financial crisis for companies listed on the Borsa Istanbul （BIST） 100 index and to assist the financial statement users in the assessment of disclosure quality under IAS 36, Paragraph 134d. Tools such as： （1） the period over which management has projected cash flows; （2） the growth rate used for cash flow projections; （3） the discount rate（s） applied to projections; and （4） methods employed to determine recoverable amount are analyzed. Insufficient disclosures on these tools are observed. The findings are of interest to researchers examining the implication of IAS 36, regulators, and policy-setters.

Study on the Follow-up Measurement of Goodwill of Listed Companies

Nowadays,the wave of mergers and acquisitions in the capital market is still surging.High evaluation does bring high performance,and the huge impairment of goodwill has become a key factor for the frequent Black Swan events of listed companies.Starting from the essence of goodwill,using Chinese A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2019 as samples and based on the market data,distribution analysis and performance impact,this paper argues that problems of goodwill impairment in China are incomplete accounting standards,inexhaustive impairment implementation and incomprehensive market supervision,thus giving reasonable suggestions.Proper follow-up measurement of goodwill is conducive to improving accounting information quality and adapting to capital market demands,which is of great significance to the revision of international standards.

Study on the Goodwill of Enterprise Merge

The wave of M＆A is generally synchronous with the economic development, the restructuring of society and enterprises, and the enterprises are facing new opportunities and challenges. In the process of business combination, the treatment of goodwill is a special part. There are differences in the treatment of goodwill under the same control of combination and under the different control of combination. Purchase method and equity method are also different. In this paper, the classic case of the merger of China Eastern Airlines and Shanghai Airlines are used to discuss the process of business combination of goodwill and the problems.

Enhancing Understanding,Enlarging Consensus and Depening Friend ship——Highlights of Goodwill Visit to China by the Delegation of World Affairs Council of Jordan

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Farming Change & Goodwill

China’s longest serving political deputy legislator is a witness to history by Guo Ying SHE is an ordinary farmer,who has served a record 57 years in Chinese politics.Born into poverty,she was the first person in China’s history to put forward the concept of "equal pay for equal work" between men and women and as a village cadre she has been received by state leaders on many occasions. Her name is Shen Jilan,Deputy Secretary of the CPC Com-

Governance or reputation?Flexible tax enforcement and excess goodwill:Evidence from the taxpaying credit rating system in China

This study investigates the effect of flexible tax enforcement on firms’excess goodwill using unique manually collected data on taxpaying credit rating in China from 2014 to 2021.We document that A-rated taxpayer firms have less excess goodwill;A-rated firms reduce excess goodwill by 0.005 vis-a-vis non-Arated firms,which accounts for 100%of the mean value of excess goodwill.This finding holds after multiple robustness tests and an endogeneity analysis.Moreover,this negative effect is more pronounced in firms with low information transparency,that are non-state-owned and that are located in regions with low tax enforcement intensity.The channel test results suggest that taxpaying credit rating system as flexible tax enforcement reduces firms’excess goodwill through a reputation-based effect and not a governance-based effect.This study reveals that the taxpaying credit rating system in China as flexible tax enforcement can bring halo effect to A rating firms,thereby limiting irrational M&As and breaking goodwill bubble.

Property Attribute and Property Ownership of Virtual Property

Virtual property has increasingly become a key issue,particularly regarding its nature,ownership,and goodwill acquisition,all of which are worthy of study.Analyzing these issues can contribute to a better understanding of how to develop laws and regulations to protect virtual property.

Peer effect in the initial recognition of goodwill

This study investigates the peer effect in the initial recognition of goodwill.We find that firms imitate their peers in the initial recognition of goodwill.The higher the tendency for imitation,the higher the proportion of goodwill recognized.Imitation behavior in the initial recognition of goodwill cannot be explained by information acquisition or rivalry motivations.Instead,we find evidence that managers’opportunistic motivations explain the peer effect in the initial recognition of goodwill and the overestimation of goodwill arising from imitation tendencies.Executive overconfidence weakens the peer effect but exacerbates the overestimation of goodwill caused by imitation tendencies.Finally,the higher the imitation tendency,the greater the probability and amount of goodwill impairment in the future.This further confirms that the peer effect leads to overestimation of goodwill.The findings of this study enrich the literature on goodwill and provide insightful empirical evidence for regulating goodwill accounting.The results show that the conservatism principle should be reinforced in the initial recognition of goodwill.

The potential harms of goodwill impairment avoidance: Evidence based on future performance and stock prices

The rapidly increasing volume of goodwill assets in the capital market generates potential risks due to the possibility of an untimely recognition of goodwill impairment.In this paper,we investigate the financial consequences of goodwill impairment avoidance based on firms’future performance and stock prices.Using Chinese A-share listed firms with goodwill balances,we find that avoiding goodwill impairments negatively affects a firm’s performance growth and increases its risk of a future stock price crash.These adverse effects continue for the three years following the goodwill impairment avoidance.Our results indicate that goodwill impairment avoidance has detrimental impacts on a firm’s future performance and stock price and that these impacts are persistent.Our conclusions are helpful for regulators on how to prevent the risks hidden in goodwill impairment recognition and maintain the stable development of the financial market.

Do goodwill impairments affect audit opinions?Evidence from China

There has been a steady growth of goodwill impairments in the Chinese stock market since the adoption of the impairment approach in accounting.The influence of goodwill impairments on a firm’s financial position and profitability give reason to doubt its current and future performance.We examine whether auditors,as a crucial external monitor,identify the information risks of goodwill impairments and express their concerns about financial reporting quality in their audit opinions.Using a sample of firms listed on China’s Ashare market from 2007 to 2017,we test the association between goodwill impairments and the type of audit opinion received in the same financial period.Our findings are as follows.First,the probability of receiving a modified opinion increases with the amount of goodwill impairments.Second,the positive association between goodwill impairments and modified audit opinions is driven primarily by earnings management risks.Third,this positive association is more salient when auditors are industry experts and there is no auditor–client mismatch.Fourth,auditors are more sensitive to the amount of goodwill impairments than to their mere existence.Overall,we document that auditors perceive goodwill impairments as a signal of information risks and communicate their concerns to investors to avoid litigation.

Goodwill in the Gulf

Chinese President Hu Jintao’s tour to Saudi Arabia highlights bilateral and regional cooperation chinese President Hu Jintao visited Saudi Arabia on February 10-12 before heading to Africa,a trip that helped cement China’s bonds with the Middle Eastern country and beyond.

Goodwill Trip

A visit by a Taiwan Residents opposition party heavyweight shows warming relations across the

A Trip of Goodwill

Geithner calms fears about U.S. treasury bonds on his first visit to China since taking office TI wo days before America’s biggest and iconic carmaker General Motors announced its bankruptcy on June 1, U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner left for

Goodwill Currency,Changing Faces

Capturing many styles of oxen in gold, bronze,or dressed in colorful lights, is a delight to my camera eyes. In this, the Year of the Ox in the Chinese calendar, I am excited about prospects of a more adven-

The legendary life of He Lianxiang, goodwill messenger of Peru-China friendship

The award ceremony Light of China—Chinese Cultural Communication Person of the Year—was held on Dec 15,2017.It was hosted by the State Council Information Office,the Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of the State Council,the Chinese People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries,Confucius Institute Headquarters(Hanban)。

On the Advertising of an Event: A Mathematical Approach

The present contribution arises with the intent of providing a brief, and therefore not exhaustive, theoretical accommodation of the problematics related to the programming and the achievement of an event. In reality, the aim of the paper is to develop optimal advertising policies for an event that takes place at a given future instant of time (a sport game, a concert, a ballet or a theatre performance) and to minimize the advertising costs concerning the organization of the event. More precisely, the paper faces the problem of how to diffuse over time the informations about a forthcoming event among a population of potential participants and it takes into consideration, among the main vehicles for the dissemination of information, the word-of-mouth effect, a kind of advertising which is independent of the firm advertising policy.