Leading Pattern of Spring Drought Variability over East Asia and Associated Drivers

Drought events have become more frequent and intense over East Asia in recent decades,leading to huge socioeconomic impacts.Although the droughts have been studied extensively by cases or for individual regions,their leading variability and associated causes remain unclear.Based on the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index(SPEI)and ERA5 reanalysis product from 1979 to 2020,this study evealuates the severity of spring droughts in East Asia and investigates their variations and associated drivers.The results indicate that North China and Mongolia have experienced remarkable trends toward dryness during spring in recent decades,while southwestern China has witnessed an opposite trend toward wetness.The first Empirical Orthogonal Function mode of SPEI variability reveals a similar seesawing pattern,with more severe dryness in northwestern China,Mongolia,North China,South Korea,and Japan but increased wetness in Southwestern China and southeast Asia.Further investigation reveals that the anomalously dry(wet)surface in North(Southwestern)China is significantly associated with anomalously high(low)temperature,less(more)precipitation,and reduced(increased)soil moisture during the previous winter and early spring,regulated by an anomalous anticyclone(cyclone)and thus reduced(increased)water vapor convergence.The spring dry-wet pattern in East Asia is also linked to cold sea surface temperature anomalies in the central-eastern Pacific.The findings of this study have important implications for improving the prediction of spring drought events in East Asia.

Exploring the Path of Party Building Leading League Construction in Colleges and Universities under the Pattern of Great Ideological and Political Education

In accordance with the pattern of"great ideology and politics",the Party and youth League organizations assume the role of vanguard in the organization of colleges and universities.Simultaneously,they serve as a pivotal force in ideological and political education.In order to construct a comprehensive ideological and political framework encompassing the entire educational process,it is of paramount importance to identify an efficacious methodology for Party building leading League construction.This paper employs a comprehensive analysis to elucidate the pivotal role of Party building leading League construction in facilitating ideological and political education.It also illuminates the practical challenges encountered in the implementation of Party building leading League construction initiatives within colleges and universities.The article proposes a specific path for Party building leading League construction in colleges and universities based on three key aspects:cohesion of the consensus of Party building leading League building,establishment of the institutional system of Party building leading League construction,and creation of the model brand of Party building leading League construction.The aim is to promote in-depth development of Party building in colleges and universities and enhance the quality and effect of ideological and political education.

Numerical Study on the Duct Noise Control of Single-Stage Axial Flow Fan with Wave Leading Edge Stator Blade Configurations

This study focuses on a single-stage axial flow fan, investigating the effect of three kinds of wave leading edge stator blades on its noise reduction. The DDES method and the duct acoustic analogy theory based on the penetrable data surface were used for noise prediction. The results showed that the three kinds of wave leading edge blades were effective in reducing the rotor-stator interaction tonal noise and also have a certain inhibitory effect on broadband noise. The A10W15 stator blade can effectively reduce broadband noise in the frequency range of 2200 - 4200 Hz. When the amplitude is increased to 20, the noise reduction effect is further enhanced. However, when the amplitude is increased to 30, the broadband noise reduction effect is no longer significant. Further research shows that the wave leading edge stator blades can significantly change the pressure fluctuation distribution on the leading edge and suction surface, which control the modal energy distribution. Finally, this paper analyzed multiple factors affecting the broadband noise reduction, such as the noise source cut-off and cut-on effect and correlation. The purpose of this paper is to explore the laws of the influence of wave leading edge blades on the duct noise of real fan, and to reveal its noise control mechanism. .

Dynamical Predictability of Leading Interannual Variability Modes of the Asian-Australian Monsoon in Climate Models

The dynamical prediction of the Asian-Australian monsoon(AAM)has been an important and long-standing issue in climate science.In this study,the predictability of the first two leading modes of the AAM is studied using retrospective prediction datasets from the seasonal forecasting models in four operational centers worldwide.Results show that the model predictability of the leading AAM modes is sensitive to how they are defined in different seasonal sequences,especially for the second mode.The first AAM mode,from various seasonal sequences,coincides with the El Niño phase transition in the eastern-central Pacific.The second mode,initialized from boreal summer and autumn,leads El Niño by about one year but can exist during the decay phase of El Niño when initialized from boreal winter and spring.Our findings hint that ENSO,as an early signal,is conducive to better performance of model predictions in capturing the spatiotemporal variations of the leading AAM modes.Still,the persistence barrier of ENSO in spring leads to poor forecasting skills of spatial features.The multimodel ensemble(MME)mean shows some advantage in capturing the spatiotemporal variations of the AAM modes but does not provide a significant improvement in predicting its temporal features compared to the best individual models in predicting its temporal features.The BCC_CSM1.1M shows promising skill in predicting the two AAM indices associated with two leading AAM modes.The predictability demonstrated in this study is potentially useful for AAM prediction in operational and climate services.

Research on the Evolution of Media Practices of Leading Cadres’ New Media and the Communication Characteristics

Purpose/Significance: This study aims to define the concept of leading cadres new media usage in China specifically, and to describe and analyze the forms and typical cases and characteristics of leading cadres new media in different stages. Method/Process: Based on the themes and contents of a few media accounts of leading cadres at different ranks, we summarizes leading cadres new media usage in a systematic perspective and content analysize method. Result/Conclusion: The study defines the concept of Leading Cadres’ new media from the perspective of media practice, determine its position as a media communication platform in the government affairs new media communication system and its relationship with the other elements, and then systematically review the evolution of its media practice from personal website, blog, microblog and microblog to WeChat, live show. On this basis, with the Harold Lasswell communication model, this article summarizes leading cadres new media communication characteristics from five aspects: content producer, content, channel, audience, and effect. Future studies may also enhance the empirical research from the effect perspective.

CR导联心电图的原理及临床应用

目的探讨CR导联心电图的原理及临床应用。方法CR导联系统是有共同负极的双极胸导联系统,其共同负极是右上肢(R),正极是胸部某点(C),多选V导联各点。获取CR导联心电图的方法有两种:一是利用常规心电图机实采,四个肢体电极全接右上肢,胸导联电极正常连结;二是基于常规心电图数据通过导联转换获取,首先调取aVR、V_(1)-V_(6)、V_(3R)-V_(5R)、V_(7)-V_(9)等导联的原始数据,再利用固定的转换系数CR-V_(i)=V_(i)-2/3 aVR计算目标导联(使用Python语言在Pycharm编译环境下实现算法),最终转换完成后画图。结果实采法与转换法获取了相同的CR导联心电图,但与相应的Wilson导联心电图相比,左胸导联的CR导联心电图形态类似而波幅略大,右胸导联CR导联心电图与Wilson导联心电图波幅相近但形态截然不同:前者P波清晰,QRS波群主波向上、无宽深的Q波,T波直立;后者P波较低,QRS波群主波向下,可出现非梗死性宽深Q波及非缺血性T波倒置,即所谓的右心室盲区。结论CR导联心电图开放了右心室盲区,实现了对左、右心室的平等探测,为临床提供了更有价值的心电学形态信息,弥补了Wilson胸导联系统的不足,值得推广普及。

基于“肾主骨”理论阐述肾功能对骨代谢调控的主导作用

基于“肾主骨”理论阐述肾功能对骨代谢调控的主导作用。从中西医等不同角度系统阐述肾功能对骨代谢调控所起的主导作用:在生理状态下,甲状旁腺激素(PTH)、成纤维细胞生长因子23(FGF23)及1,25二羟基维生素D参与了矿物质代谢平衡的调节,而肾在骨矿物质平衡的过程中扮演着重要角色;在病理状态下,肾功能异常也会导致慢性肾病-矿物质和骨异常(CKD-MBD)或肾性营养不良(ROD)的发生,引起骨矿盐代谢紊乱。进一步丰富“肾主骨”理论的深层次内涵。

香菇糖蛋白对大鼠铅中毒的改善作用

目的:通过优化提取工艺获得具有促排铅功能的香菇糖蛋白,探讨其对醋酸铅诱导铅中毒大鼠的防治效果。方法:利用热水浸提去除蛋白以及层析技术获得香菇糖蛋白纯品,利用红外光谱分析、单糖组成、N端氨基酸及内部氨基酸序列分析技术鉴定了香菇糖蛋白的分子特性。将63只雄性SD大鼠随机分为9组,即空白对照组、模型组、阳性对照组、香菇糖蛋白处理组(4、8、160 mg/kg)和香菇子实体处理组(4、12、36 g/kg),通过腹腔注射醋酸铅制备大鼠铅中毒模型,连续给药30 d,观察大鼠的外观表现,检测体重变化、血液和脏器中的铅含量以及生化指标。结果:提纯的香菇糖蛋白(LEPP)经过单糖组成分析发现其是由葡萄糖、甘露糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖醛酸、木糖、岩藻糖、核糖、半乳糖醛酸、阿拉伯糖、鼠李糖组成,氨基酸序列分析发现其N端序列为MPEQVVVADA,说明香菇糖蛋白具有多糖和蛋白的成分。动物实验表明,香菇糖蛋白能够促进铅中毒大鼠的体重增长,显著降低血液和肝脏中铅的含量(P<0.05),具有排除铅在肝脏中的沉积作用,显著提高血清中超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide Dismutase,SOD)和过氧化氢酶(Catalase,CAT)的活性(P<0.05),降低丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)的含量(P<0.05),提高机体的抗氧化能力,同时香菇糖蛋白还可以降低血液中谷草转氨酶(Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase,AST)和谷丙转氨酶(Glutamic-Pyruvic Transaminase,ALT)的水平,具有保护肝脏的作用。结论:香菇糖蛋白可以排除体内的重金属铅,有效地改善大鼠的铅中毒症状。

有组织创新:全面提升国家创新体系整体效能的战略与进路

中国式现代化关键在于科技现代化,对推动科技强国建设、加快实现高水平科技自立自强提出新要求。然而,当前我国仍缺乏指导国家创新体系整体效能提升与转型升级的方法论和创新管理新思想。面向我国国家创新体系发展的新使命与新挑战,批判性回顾国家创新体系、新型举国体制和有组织科研的理论与实践“瓶颈”,基于整合式创新思想和场景驱动创新理论,提出以“有组织创新”全面提升国家创新体系整体效能的新战略范式,明晰有组织创新的内涵边界和理论基础,系统探讨其核心构成要素和典型特征,进一步从结构、过程和功能视角阐释运行机理,提出实践进路。研究结果为推动国家创新体系建设总体战略导向从后发追赶、创新驱动向超越追赶、创新引领转型,坚持以人民为中心的创新路线,强化企业科技创新主体地位与主导作用,健全完善新型举国体制,加快形成科技先导能力,发展新质生产力提供理论指引与战略决策参考。

人类文明新形态的引领力量

一百年来,中国人民在中国共产党的领导下致力于实现中华民族伟大复兴的历史,就是一部人类文明新形态的创造史。党的领导为创造人类文明新形态引领方向、激发动力、凝聚力量,赋予人类文明新形态均衡性、主体性、民族性。近代以来,中国共产党在不同时期不断适应人民不同阶段的不同需求,在长期的探索中形成了自己独特的发展道路,铸就了新时代中华民族精神与文化的新辉煌。百年实践,中国共产党注重彰显人类文明新形态的中国特色,保证了人类文明新形态的社会主义方向,开创了世界文明形态的新版本。

类乙二胺四乙酸螯合纤维素及其对水中重金属离子的吸附性能

为了改善纤维素对重金属的吸附去除性能,文中采用高碘酸钠选择性氧化纤维制得双醛纤维素,通过Schiff碱反应,将乙二胺接枝到纤维素骨架,再将溴乙酸取代到氨基上,获得含有氮和氧配位原子的类乙二胺四乙酸螯合纤维素(EDTA-CL)。表征了其形貌和结构,考察了其对水中Cd^(2+)和Pb^(2+)的吸附性能。EDTA-CL吸附Cd^(2+)和Pb^(2+)的最佳pH范围为4.5~6;EDTA-CL对Cd^(2+)和Pb^(2+)的吸附在20 min内达到了平衡;EDTA-CL对Cd^(2+)和Pb^(2+)的吸附容量分别为236.1 mg/g和382.6 mg/g,氮和氧配位原子的引入大大提高了对Cd^(2+)和Pb^(2+)的吸附容量;EDTA-CL对Cd^(2+)和Pb^(2+)的吸附过程符合Langmuir和准二级动力学模型;EDTA-CL可以重复多次使用。

铅炭电池技术发展及储能应用的思考

目前,铅酸电池存在能量密度低、循环寿命短、电池体积和重量大等缺点,因此在国内储能领域的应用占比较低。铅炭电池是炭材料改性负极的改进型铅蓄电池,相比铅酸蓄电池可以有效延缓失效现象,循环寿命有较好提升。由于铅炭电池具备原材料成本低、回收率高、安全性高等其他电池不可替代的优势,更适用于大规模和长时储能。在再生铅产业良性发展的时代背景下,发挥铅炭电池技术优势,扩大铅炭电池生产,拓展储能领域应用,是优化能源调峰及储用,优化局域能源结构的重要发展方向。未来,在以沙漠、戈壁、荒漠地区为重点的大型风电光伏基地建设开展新型铅炭电池储能试点示范,同时配套建设铅冶炼企业和铅炭电池产业链,有望实现原料端—冶炼端—深加工端—应用需求端—综合回收端的全产业链闭环。

贵州青山铅锌矿床中钒的赋存状态研究

钒属于战略性关键金属,其成矿作用研究备受关注。贵州省青山铅锌矿床隶属于川滇黔成矿域威宁-水城Pb-Zn-Ag成矿带,分为青山、横塘两个矿区,为中型铅锌矿床。初步研究表明,横塘矿区氧化矿带的矿石中钒异常富集,但其赋存状态未知。为此,本文利用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)、粉晶X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)等多种手段对该矿床的氧化铅锌矿石、蚀变白云岩和辉绿岩的矿物组合以及化学组成进行了系统分析。结果表明,氧化铅锌矿石、蚀变白云岩和辉绿岩中钒含量分别为11.9×10^(–6)~5 963×10^(–6)、168×10^(–6)和448×10^(–6)~701×10^(–6),相对于平均地壳其富集系数分别为20、1.2和4.1。氧化矿石和蚀变白云岩中的钒皆赋存在独立矿物(钒铅锌矿[Pb Zn(VO4)(OH)])中,而且钒铅锌矿中As含量较高,As以类质同象的形式替代V而进入钒铅锌矿中;蚀变辉绿岩中未发现钒的独立矿物,钒可能主要以类质同象的形式取代锐钛矿/金红石(Ti O2)中的Ti。此外,矿石中的V与Cu、Ni、Mo、Bi四种元素的相关性表明它们可能是共同沉淀进入矿石,有着相似的富集规律。氧化矿石的稀土和微量元素配分模式与蚀变白云岩比较接近,指示二者经历了相似的热液过程。钒是主要来自白云岩的交代淋滤还是与辉绿岩有关的岩浆热液有待进一步研究。本次研究表明铅锌矿床中钒以独立矿物和类质同象的形式分别存在于氧化矿石/蚀变白云岩和辉绿岩中,对铅锌矿石中钒的综合利用具有一定指示意义。

邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯——新型的ANO2通道开放剂

目的筛选ANO2的特异性配体药物,为医药行业开发靶向ANO2新药提供先导化合物的结构信息。方法构建ANO2过表达的HEK293细胞株,应用共聚焦显微镜-膜片钳全细胞记录模式技术筛选ANO2的特异性配体。结果在胞内外钳制电压100 mV及含1μmol·L^(-1)钙离子电极内液的记录条件下,邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(diisobutyl phthalate,DIBP)给药前ANO2介导的氯电流密度为(14.67±2.87)pA/pF,给药后ANO2介导的氯电流电导为(28.75±4.05)pA/pF,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);钙荧光成像实验结果表明DIBP无调节胞内游离钙信号的作用;在0μmol·L^(-1)钙离子条件下,DIBP对静息状态的ANO2通道不具有直接的激活作用。结论DIBP通过直接作用增强已活化ANO2通道的电导,其作为一种新型的促ANO2通道开放剂为开发靶向ANO2的药物提供结构信息,同时也为研究其他邻苯二甲酸酯类物质的毒理作用提供一定的理论基础。

职业教育科教融汇的动力机制

职业教育科教融汇是科学知识与技术知识、科学技术与教育要素、科学研究与教学过程融合汇聚的过程,是优化职业教育类型定位的新方向,也是建设教育强国、科技强国、人才强国的迫切需要和题中之义。职业教育科教融汇动力机制由引力、行动力、支持力和阻力构成,四种要素相互作用、相互影响,决定科教融汇的方向和速度。当前由于体制机制错位缺位、院校能力整体偏弱、办学主体共建不足、办学实践路径依赖等原因,职业教育科教融汇动力机制存在引力有限、行动力式微、支持力薄弱、阻力突显等阻滞困境。为保障职业教育科教融汇长远可持续发展,需要建立健全体制机制,深化科教融汇发展格局;提升核心办学能力,强化科教融汇内生力量;协同多元主体,聚合科教融汇外部供给;创新发展路径,生成科教融汇特色内容。

环保考核、ESG表现与企业价值——基于领导干部自然资源资产离任审计试点的准自然实验

基于利益相关者理论和信号传递理论,以2010—2019年我国A股上市公司为研究对象,采用多期双重差分模型的准自然实验,考察领导干部自然资源资产离任审计这一新型环保考核制度对企业价值的影响及其作用机制。研究发现:(1)领导干部自然资源资产离任审计能够提高企业价值;(2)领导干部自然资源资产离任审计可以通过提高企业ESG表现进而提高企业价值;(3)进一步分析结果表明:离任审计对企业价值的影响在非重污染企业、媒体关注度较低地区、绿色金融水平较低地区中更为显著。研究结果为如何健全领导干部环保考核机制,更好地激励地方领导干部实施可持续发展战略,促进经济社会全面发展提供参考。同时对离任审计的深化落实具有重要意义,有助于更好地改善环境质量,推动经济的高质量发展。

青少年体育文化教育的价值指向、现实问题及困境破解

青少年体育文化教育的价值指向是筑牢体育强国的发展根基、落实立德树人的根本任务、实现学校体育内涵式发展.现实问题是缺乏体育文化教育意识,重户外体育教学,轻课堂理论教学;缺失体育文化教育内容,重技术动作讲授,轻体育文化传播;缺少体育文化教育方式,重速度标准力量,轻体育文化融入.青少年体育文化教育的实现路径是增强体育文化教育的自觉意识,强化体育文化教育的内容拓展,创新体育文化教育的融入方式.

乙炔黑包覆的铅及其氧化物复合材料对铅酸电池负极性能的影响

铅酸电池负极析氢问题和硫酸盐化问题是限制铅酸电池性能的主要因素,大量的研究集中在负极的添加剂上。本文以乙炔黑包覆的铅及其氧化物形成的复合材料作为铅酸电池负极添加剂,研究其对铅酸电池性能的影响。实验结果表明,加入复合材料的电极,有效抑制了析氢问题,并降低了硫酸盐化现象,延长了其寿命。

隔震装置阻尼机构的参数设计与振动台试验

为了改善浮放物体隔震装置中阻尼力的施加方式,研制出一款阻尼机构。对其构造和工作机理进行阐述,推导出了它的力学特征表达式,并验证了分析模型的准确性。结合某文物隔震装置的目标性能,利用数值方法对阻尼机构的参数进行设计,并对比振动台试验。结果表明:该阻尼机构结构简单,性能稳定;经阻尼参数优化后的隔震装置在满足位移限值的情况下达到了设定的隔震目标;试验与数值分析结果相吻合,证明了阻尼机构参数设计的正确性,同时也检验了隔震装置的安装和运行质量。其中,试验与数值分析结果的吻合程度,尤其是位移时程曲线的吻合程度,可为浮放物体隔震装置的方案对比和质量评估提供思路。

变电站铅酸电池的失效及综合修复

铅酸电池是直流(DC)系统的重要储能设备,对变电站的安全稳定运行至关重要。站用铅酸电池寿命普遍低于理论寿命,大量电池的提前失效给电网企业带来巨大的经济和环境压力。针对变电站铅酸电池的特殊运行环境,对失效电池复杂的失效模式进行分析。采用化学和物理相结合的技术手段,针对性地选择合适的活化剂,同时使用“大电流-恒流-恒压”的充电方式,达到修复活化失效铅酸电池的目的,修复后的铅酸电池容量可达额定容量的80%以上。