The Public Law Construction of Government Agencies’Obligations to Disclose When Handling Personal Information in the Digital Age

The protection of personal information plays an extremely important role in the construction of digital government.The duty to inform is a prerequisite core obligation that the government should fulfill in processing personal information,a concrete expression of the right to self-determination of personal information,and a prerequisite for the right to protection of personal information that works as a fundamental right to defense the intrusion from the government,as well as a procedural regulatory tool to restrain the government’s information power and prevent the risk of infringement.As the rules on the processing of personal information and the duty to inform have both the nature of public law,the government’s processing of personal information is also public law in nature,especially because of the constitutional value and power control function of the duty to inform,the construction of a system for the duty to inform cannot be copied from the rules applicable to private subjects,but should be tailored to the public law characteristics of the government’s processing of personal information,overcoming the shortcomings of the current rough and fragmented legislation,and set up a systematic regulation based on the public law in term of the legal subject,procedure,content,consequences of obligation violations and legal protection.

On China's Protection of Citizens' Right to Be Informed and Construction of Government Information Publicity System

I. The Unfolding Situation of the Philosophy of Right to Be Informed in China and Early Construction of Government Information Publicity System The origin of the thought,known as China＇s protection of right to be informed and the construction of government information publicity system

The Transformation of Environmental Governance from the Point of the Interaction between Government and National People's Congress

Taking cadmium pollution in X River as an example, the interaction between National People＇s Congress and local government was de- scribed. How the local government transforms its role in environment protection with the help of several deputies to National People＇s Congress was expounded from the angle of social construction, which also enlightened the way to build an environment protection road with Chinese characteristics.

基层协同治理推进路径和生成逻辑——来自SZ县D镇民生工程项目供求关系协调的证据

本研究将国家、部委和省级政府视为惠民工程资金的供给主体,农村居民则是民生项目的需求主体,县级及以下政府和部门、村集体组织是供需关系建立的联接体。通过实地调研、了解来概述工程推进谜题,描绘各主体之间表演与互动的场景。直面治理困局,谋求社会和谐目标,需要调整涉及民生工程建设的治理策略,把准农民个性和群体共性,错综复杂的形势要求设计和谋划一整套的治理方略。城镇化冲击力量无处不在,面向农村的各项管理事务变得日趋复杂。民生工程供给不宜过度政策化,"因势利导、按需建设"应是惠民工程项目建设的根本所在;将有限的惠民资金产生最大的社会稳定作用,理顺国家与村民之间简单而又复杂的偏倚关系,多举并用才能够从根本上消除"国家政策虽好,但到基层就乱套"的固化思想认识。

基于B/S架构的电子政务行业应用系统开发

B/S架构是目前分布式计算处理的网络系统的主流架构体系。针对当前我国信息化工作的重点是大力推进电子政务的建设,提出了使用B/S架构体系来开发电子政务应用系统。设计并实现了一个采用基于B/S架构体系来开发的资质资格信息管理电子政务系统,并对系统结构、各功能模块和数据库以及关键技术的实现进行了详细的描述。结果表明,所开发的系统对今后电子政务系统开发具有一定的参考价值。

Construction of Chinese Judicial Power from the Perspective of National Governance

The Chinese national governance system includes the Party＇s governing system, the People＇s Congress system, the administrative system, the court system and the procuratorate. Judicial power is neutral, passive, independent and final, features that reflect the irreplaceable nature of its role in national governance. The growth of judicial power is diachronic, complex and evolutionary, which means that its construction will be a tortuous and difficult process. Given the limitations of the functions of judicial power in China and their immediate results, we should fix our gaze on the construction of a socialist country under the rule of law and the optimization of the structure and functions of our national governance system by taking checks and balance as the principle in the allocation of judicial power, taking rights protection as the heart of the operation of judicial power, taking harmonious operation as the standard for guaranteeing judicial power, and cultivating legal culture as the foundation supporting judicial power. In optimizing national governance itself, we should strengthen its functions of adaptation, integration, goal attainment and latency.

Democracy on the Road toward the Rule of Law Started from Umbrella Movement

This paper had started its words from the hot current Umbrella Movement in Hongkong, with putting forward the questions that ＂ What is the democracy？ ＂ and ＂ How should the democracy develop？ ＂ . And then, it had reviewed the historical development of the concept of democracy, on that basis, it had explored the socialist democratic system in China and analyzed the dilemmas in the construction of socialist democracy. And it gave the responses to questions in the beginning of the article and explained the reasons in details. At the last, some notes on the construction of democracy in China＇ s journey toward rule of law were written in this article.

Development in theoretical study and practice of library legislation in China

One of the most outstanding characteristics of library legislation in China is that theoretical research and legislative practice are mutually reinforcing, making important issues and basic rules and regulations closely associated with legislation and the research focus. A national library law is currently being enacted while several local library legislations have already seen fruitful results. In the enactment of 'Regulations for the Protection of Information Network Dissemination Rights', the library professional participated for the first time in enacting a national copyright law, which led to unprecedented flourishing of library activities and copyright studies. The promulgation of another legal framework,'Government Information Disclosure Regulations' further advanced the research on related issues and pushed forward government information services in public libraries in the same way. A new landmark for library legislation in recent years is the promulgation of'Guidelines for Land Utilization for Public Library Construction' and 'Public Library Construction Standards', while the framing of 'Rules of Professional Ethics for Librarians in China(On trial)' and the 'Library Service Manifesto' give indication that a framework of self-disciplinary measures of library professionals is established.

和谐民族关系视域下构建新型乡规民约体系的法治路径——以S市B乡为例

新时代基层社会治理的和谐追求将我国多民族乡村社会民族关系的和谐特征与乡规民约构建的法治定位融会,通过对S市B乡乡规民约体系优势的实证分析,结合构建新型乡规民约体系的重难点,理顺乡规民约与国家法、习惯法、村民自治间的关系以及在纠纷解决中的作用,从功能、价值、构成三个方面细化新型乡规民约构建的定位方向。继而从文化根基、总体目标、治理方式、治理依据、治理整合五个角度提出构建新型乡规民约体系法治路径。

数字政府建设政企合作法律风险的规制模式

数字政府建设政企合作的目标是公私协力实现公共给付,以数字化赋能中国式现代化。相较于传统公共服务领域,数字政府建设政企合作存在数字技术侵权、政府权力迁移、行政优益权履行不能和责任虚化等法律风险,容易产生合作中断、非正常终止等问题,致使合作结果与目标存在差距。政府规制、自我规制和元规制等现有风险规制模式各有优劣,但在面对数字政府建设的特定适用场景时均呈现出捉襟见肘之势,表现为风险防范不足,对互动关注不够,过于强调过程规制而缺乏结果有效性的考量。结果导向型合作规制模式强调结果与目标的一致性、协商与互动、合作绩效与公共问责,对数字政府建设政企合作法律风险的规制更为妥当,并可分为目标规制、过程规制和结果规制三个层面。结果导向型风险规制模式的法律构造为:建构将公共价值嵌入算法的合作机制,并通过风险评估和公民参与程序规避侵权风险;强化信用监管、优化契约机制分别规避政府权力迁移风险和行政优益权履行不能风险,并通过风险管理程序予以实现;明确政企责任分担,并通过公共问责程序规制责任虚化风险。

习近平法治思想中的重大实践创新及形成机制

系统归纳、提炼习近平法治思想中的重大实践创新及其背后所遵循的理性生产机制具有重要意义。习近平法治思想实践创新的根本前提是习近平总书记在马克思主义实践观指引下,以政治家的高屋建瓴、思想家的磅礴力量对法治中国的形势与战略进行的准确分析和深刻判断。习近平法治思想中的重大实践创新主要表现在全面依法治国的思维方式重大创新、全面依法治国的总体布局重大创新、全面依法治国适应新时代鲜明特征的重大创新等三个方面,形成了具有原创性的实践创新机制。这些机制创新作用于典型场景,为全面依法治国发生历史性变革、取得历史性成就提供了重要保障。习近平法治思想实践创新具有重大意义与显著优势,在未来更多的法治课题上,习近平法治思想的实践创新伟力还将发挥更多的破题、引领作用,需要通过习近平法治思想中自主实践知识体系的转型来进一步把握未来各种法治实践场景中蕴含的新规律,推动知识转型。

基层妇联组织在乡村治理中的主体性功能及实现路径

农村基层妇联组织不仅是党和政府联系妇女人群的桥梁和纽带,也是农村基层政权的社会支撑之一。在党建引领乡村治理的时代背景下,要站在治理的角度去审视基层妇联在乡村治理中的功能及其作用机制。从治理来看,基层妇联是政治组织和群众组织,也是治理组织和服务组织。基层妇联具有融入乡村治理全过程的政治需要和现实需要,在乡村治理中具有主体性功能。基层妇联在乡村治理中的主体性功能不仅是由妇联的政治性、先进性和群众性决定的,也是由党的帮手和助手功能决定的。基层妇联凭借其独特的政治、组织、动员、宣传和凝聚群众的优势,在乡村治理中可以发挥组织动员、服务群众、民情枢纽、协商议事等作用,提高乡村治理的组织化、社会化、服务化和共治化。通过组织体系“纵向到底”和“横向到边”以及成体系的体制机制创新实现基层妇联在乡村治理中的主体性建构,是妇联发挥基层治理功能的可行路径。

建立中国特色法治建设激励制度研究

激励是法律的基本功能之一,建立中国特色法治建设激励制度对于完善中国特色社会主义法律规范结构、解决法治建设内生动力不足问题以及推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化具有重要意义。截至目前,我国已有多部法律法规对激励制度作出原则规定,且在激励制度的运用上积累了一定的经验,加之境外国家和地区也有成功经验可供借鉴,此时建立中国特色法治建设激励制度具有较高可行性。建立中国特色法治建设激励制度应当遵循科学化、体系化原则,精神激励为主、物质激励为辅原则,明确性、时机性原则以及程序公正、公开原则,而具体的制度设计和构建,则应当从选择激励的立法模式、确定激励的范围、增加激励的种类、优化激励的方式以及设置激励的程序等几个方面着手。

城市多民族聚居区基层法治政府建设之我见

党的十八大以来,随着全面推进依法治国战略的逐步深化,城市多民族聚居区基层政府法治建设取得了长足进步,但是在实践中较之一般区域的法治建设仍存在选择性执法等明显短板。通过对城市多民族聚居区进行调研,发现影响区域法治政府建设的因素,既有法治政府建设过程中存在的共性问题如执法力量薄弱、执法机制不顺畅等,也有受区域内民族宗教问题影响等个性因素。立足城市多民族聚居区域实际,以问题为导向,一方面要通过加强整合执法力量、创新执法机制等方式提高基层政府的法治能力,另一方面要通过加强法治宣传教育,促进法治、德治、自治相结合,改善基层政府法治建设环境,做到既依法保护民族宗教利益、群众的合法权益,又维护法治权威。

“双碳”目标下皮革工业园区环境治理法治化困境研究

当前,环境保护是社会关注的要点。我国力争2030年前实现碳达峰,2060年前实现碳中和。“双碳”目标倡导绿色、环保、低碳的生活方式。皮革企业应采用清洁化生产,进一步降低碳排放,引导绿色技术创新,提高产业和经济的全球竞争力。本文针对皮革工业园区环境治理,分析了“双碳”目标的概念,研究了中外皮革工业园区环境治理理论,探讨皮革工业园区环境治理法治化的困境及解决方案,并提出未来皮革工业园区环境法治化研究方向,以期为行业发展和政策制定提供参考。

《地方组织法》调整对象的重塑与结构优化

为适应改革开放初期民主法制建设需要,1979年《地方组织法》在确定调整对象时采取了“扩张性”策略,“有法可依”成为当时立法的首要价值需求。国家机构相关法律规范体系建立和完善后,《地方组织法》立法功能与其他法律开始出现重合,对法律的稳定性和国家法制统一造成挑战,“扩张性”的调整对象面临重新检视和策略调整。《地方组织法》调整对象的重塑,应在厘定相关法律调整对象基础上,排除替代性立法功能,以实现国家机构法律规范体系的时代自新和协调统一。

国家治理现代化框架下档案法治建设的进路设计

推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化是新时代赋予档案工作的重大使命。加快档案治理法治化进程,全面推进档案法治建设,是提升档案治理效能、助力国家治理现代化的必由之路。立足国家治理现代化大局,在厘清档案治理法治化理论内涵的基础上,分析了我国档案法治建设的发展现状,进而提出国家治理现代化框架下档案法治建设的进路设计:坚持党的全面领导,筑牢档案法治建设的政治基础;树立大治理理念,推动多元主体参与档案立法;加强顶层设计,构建多层次、多维度的档案法律体系;转变治理方式,积极发挥软法在档案治理中的作用;强化法治实施,提升档案法治化水平。新时代推进档案治理法治化,必须以高质量的档案法治供给保障高水平的档案治理,为全面建设社会主义现代化国家提供坚实的法治支撑。

建设工程环境健康风险法律规制研究

随着经济社会的发展,建设环境健康风险正在以新的、更为复杂的样态呈现,给现阶段的环境健康风险规制带来了新的挑战。当前,我国建设工程环境健康风险规制存在风险规制依据不充分、环境标准与健康需求不匹配、环境健康风险信息缺乏有效沟通、环境健康风险管理模式未发挥实效等问题。因此,必须加强环境健康基准研究,同时将重要健康指标纳入环境标准体系,完善环境健康风险沟通制度,构建多元风险交流机制,推动工程建设与环境健康风险管理制度的协同治理,确保公众的环境健康权益得到更好的保护。

高校正版软件共享平台的设计与应用

高校实施软件正版化既能够降低采购和维护成本,又能提高校园信息化的安全性。正版软件共享平台要根据用户需求建设软件资源库,提供操作系统、办公软件和其他应用软件。平台应提供软件管理、软件激活、软件升级、查询统计、用户管理和使用支持等功能模块,面向全校师生提供正版化服务。该文在总结平台使用效果的基础上,提出了进一步优化策略。