Building energy efficiency is a long-term strategy to achieve sustainable development, but the inconsistencies of main interests during the implementation lead to the need for government regulation in building energy ...Building energy efficiency is a long-term strategy to achieve sustainable development, but the inconsistencies of main interests during the implementation lead to the need for government regulation in building energy conservation. Implementation of building energy efficiency of government regulation covers three aspects of construction and involves relevant participators, so the paper analyzes interests and roles of the related subjects in building energy saving, explore the motivations and its conversion mechanism of each player, and dissect the game relationship of associated earnings of developers' and consumers' behaviors selection under government control. Finally, the paper proposes basic requirements of building incentive policies for related subjects under government control to regulate the main behaviors of subjects in building energy efficient buildings and achieve energy efficiency goals and balance of all parties' benefits.展开更多
Introduction 2013 saw the sixth anniversary of the formulation of Regulations of the People＇s Republic of China on Disclosure of Government Information （hereinafter referred to as the Regulations） and the fifth ann...Introduction 2013 saw the sixth anniversary of the formulation of Regulations of the People＇s Republic of China on Disclosure of Government Information （hereinafter referred to as the Regulations） and the fifth anniversary of their being put into effect. As the Regulations were stipulated and put into force,展开更多
Chapter Ⅲ Nationality of Ships Article 15 A shipowner applying for the nationality of a ship shall, in addition to the Certificate of Registration of Ship’s Ownership, submit the following docu-ments according to th...Chapter Ⅲ Nationality of Ships Article 15 A shipowner applying for the nationality of a ship shall, in addition to the Certificate of Registration of Ship’s Ownership, submit the following docu-ments according to the ship’s navigation zone: 1. For ships engaged in international voyages, the valid technical documents of the ship issued by an authorized organization for survey of ships in accordance with展开更多
Chapter Ⅴ Registration of Bareboat Charter Article 25 In any of the following cases,the shipowner and the charterer shall apply for the registration of barehoat charter: a. A ship of Chinese nationality hareboat char...Chapter Ⅴ Registration of Bareboat Charter Article 25 In any of the following cases,the shipowner and the charterer shall apply for the registration of barehoat charter: a. A ship of Chinese nationality hareboat chartered to a Chinese enterprise; b. A ship of foreign nationality hareboat chartered to a Chinese enterprise; c. A ship of Chinese nationality展开更多
In the context of globalization and informatization, some traditionally lowtech and labor-intensive sectors have developed mobile Internet-based platforms and formed a new business format: the sharing economy. In the ...In the context of globalization and informatization, some traditionally lowtech and labor-intensive sectors have developed mobile Internet-based platforms and formed a new business format: the sharing economy. In the beginning, such a new business format lowered the threshold of participation, cut dealing costs, and enjoyed the relative advantage of being free from regulatory institutions. Therefore, it easily attracted investments and witnessed rapid development. Early-stage of the sharing economy features were "being shared, collaborative and on-demand." For a variety of reasons, the development of the sharing economy has already been accepted and recognized by current society. It is expected to become a new growth point and has the chance to replace the established business format of our industrial society and subsequently trigger many more "pain points." Regarding the regulation and governance of the sharing economy, there are divergences in its legality, platform nature, industrial impact and employment relationships. Identifying and resolving such regulatory divergences to the maximum degree is a prerequisite for the governance of the sharing economy and also a key to its smooth development.展开更多
Frequent extreme weather events like drought, etc. in the context of climate change present huge challenges to agricultural production. To find out if farmers have taken measures against them and identify governments...Frequent extreme weather events like drought, etc. in the context of climate change present huge challenges to agricultural production. To find out if farmers have taken measures against them and identify governments＇ impact on their response measures are the foundation of and key to further improving relevant policies and farmers＇ responsiveness. Taking the North China Plain as an example, the study analyzes farmers＇ responses to fre- quent climate change-induced drought, and assesses the impacts of governments＇ early- warning, policy support and other factors on farmers＇ responses based on questionnaire survey data and an econometric approach. The results show that： （1） Farmers are responsive to drought, and they are more likely to take measures as the degree of drought deepening. （2） Governments＇ regulation affects farmers＇ responses, although only part of its regulation measures has remarkable effects. Governments＇ early-warning messages can increase the possibility of farmers＇ responding to drought, however, only when they get the early-warning in all the processes including before, during, and after disasters can the effects be significant. Currently, as the primary channel through which early-warning information is released, tele- vision cannot change farmers＇ behaviors significantly. Early-warning is most effective when spread via two or more types of channels. In addition, governments＇ （especially town and village level institutions＇） policy support has certain impacts on farmers＇ responses to drought, yet with less prominent effects in disaster years than in normal years; to provide subsidies, as a regulation measure, can encourage farmers＇ initiative a lot in adopting response measures, but most of the farmers haven＇t got support from any institutions. Both the structure and strength of government regulation need to be improved. （3） Farmers with different conditions respond differently. Farmer households in irrigation areas, those whose farmland is lower fragmented, and those with numerous agricultural family members tend to take response measures. The study can provide scientific reference to the making of relevant regulation policies under the background of acidifications.展开更多
建筑节能服务产业是推动我国既有建筑节能改造工作的重要组成部分,然而目前建筑节能服务质量有待提高和市场需求不足阻碍了建筑节能服务公司(Energy Service Company,简称ESCO)的发展。运用进化博弈理论,建立无政府奖励和有政府奖励条...建筑节能服务产业是推动我国既有建筑节能改造工作的重要组成部分,然而目前建筑节能服务质量有待提高和市场需求不足阻碍了建筑节能服务公司(Energy Service Company,简称ESCO)的发展。运用进化博弈理论,建立无政府奖励和有政府奖励条件下参与节能改造的ESCO与业主复制动态模型,分析其行为的动态演变过程,探讨其博弈结果的稳定性。研究得出结论:政府前期激励政策可促进节能服务主体积极参与到节能服务市场中;后期主要通过合适的奖励额度引导市场主体提高节能服务质量,为市场健康有序发展提供保障。最后提出促进建筑节能服务公司发展的措施。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 71171141)Post-funded Projects of Social Science Planning in Tianjin (Grant No. TJGLHQ1403)
文摘Building energy efficiency is a long-term strategy to achieve sustainable development, but the inconsistencies of main interests during the implementation lead to the need for government regulation in building energy conservation. Implementation of building energy efficiency of government regulation covers three aspects of construction and involves relevant participators, so the paper analyzes interests and roles of the related subjects in building energy saving, explore the motivations and its conversion mechanism of each player, and dissect the game relationship of associated earnings of developers' and consumers' behaviors selection under government control. Finally, the paper proposes basic requirements of building incentive policies for related subjects under government control to regulate the main behaviors of subjects in building energy efficient buildings and achieve energy efficiency goals and balance of all parties' benefits.
文摘Introduction 2013 saw the sixth anniversary of the formulation of Regulations of the People＇s Republic of China on Disclosure of Government Information （hereinafter referred to as the Regulations） and the fifth anniversary of their being put into effect. As the Regulations were stipulated and put into force,
文摘Chapter Ⅲ Nationality of Ships Article 15 A shipowner applying for the nationality of a ship shall, in addition to the Certificate of Registration of Ship’s Ownership, submit the following docu-ments according to the ship’s navigation zone: 1. For ships engaged in international voyages, the valid technical documents of the ship issued by an authorized organization for survey of ships in accordance with
文摘Chapter Ⅴ Registration of Bareboat Charter Article 25 In any of the following cases,the shipowner and the charterer shall apply for the registration of barehoat charter: a. A ship of Chinese nationality hareboat chartered to a Chinese enterprise; b. A ship of foreign nationality hareboat chartered to a Chinese enterprise; c. A ship of Chinese nationality
基金included in a key art studies program of the National Social Sciences Foundation of China(15AH006)
文摘In the context of globalization and informatization, some traditionally lowtech and labor-intensive sectors have developed mobile Internet-based platforms and formed a new business format: the sharing economy. In the beginning, such a new business format lowered the threshold of participation, cut dealing costs, and enjoyed the relative advantage of being free from regulatory institutions. Therefore, it easily attracted investments and witnessed rapid development. Early-stage of the sharing economy features were "being shared, collaborative and on-demand." For a variety of reasons, the development of the sharing economy has already been accepted and recognized by current society. It is expected to become a new growth point and has the chance to replace the established business format of our industrial society and subsequently trigger many more "pain points." Regarding the regulation and governance of the sharing economy, there are divergences in its legality, platform nature, industrial impact and employment relationships. Identifying and resolving such regulatory divergences to the maximum degree is a prerequisite for the governance of the sharing economy and also a key to its smooth development.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41430636, No.41590841 National Program on Key Basic Research Project （973 Program）, No.2012CB95570001
文摘Frequent extreme weather events like drought, etc. in the context of climate change present huge challenges to agricultural production. To find out if farmers have taken measures against them and identify governments＇ impact on their response measures are the foundation of and key to further improving relevant policies and farmers＇ responsiveness. Taking the North China Plain as an example, the study analyzes farmers＇ responses to fre- quent climate change-induced drought, and assesses the impacts of governments＇ early- warning, policy support and other factors on farmers＇ responses based on questionnaire survey data and an econometric approach. The results show that： （1） Farmers are responsive to drought, and they are more likely to take measures as the degree of drought deepening. （2） Governments＇ regulation affects farmers＇ responses, although only part of its regulation measures has remarkable effects. Governments＇ early-warning messages can increase the possibility of farmers＇ responding to drought, however, only when they get the early-warning in all the processes including before, during, and after disasters can the effects be significant. Currently, as the primary channel through which early-warning information is released, tele- vision cannot change farmers＇ behaviors significantly. Early-warning is most effective when spread via two or more types of channels. In addition, governments＇ （especially town and village level institutions＇） policy support has certain impacts on farmers＇ responses to drought, yet with less prominent effects in disaster years than in normal years; to provide subsidies, as a regulation measure, can encourage farmers＇ initiative a lot in adopting response measures, but most of the farmers haven＇t got support from any institutions. Both the structure and strength of government regulation need to be improved. （3） Farmers with different conditions respond differently. Farmer households in irrigation areas, those whose farmland is lower fragmented, and those with numerous agricultural family members tend to take response measures. The study can provide scientific reference to the making of relevant regulation policies under the background of acidifications.
文摘建筑节能服务产业是推动我国既有建筑节能改造工作的重要组成部分,然而目前建筑节能服务质量有待提高和市场需求不足阻碍了建筑节能服务公司(Energy Service Company,简称ESCO)的发展。运用进化博弈理论,建立无政府奖励和有政府奖励条件下参与节能改造的ESCO与业主复制动态模型,分析其行为的动态演变过程,探讨其博弈结果的稳定性。研究得出结论:政府前期激励政策可促进节能服务主体积极参与到节能服务市场中;后期主要通过合适的奖励额度引导市场主体提高节能服务质量,为市场健康有序发展提供保障。最后提出促进建筑节能服务公司发展的措施。
