Government's Responsibility for Control of Agricultural Environmental Pollution in China

In this paper,the current situation of agricultural environmental pollution caused by the increase of chemicals input in agriculture in China was analyzed,and it is found that agricultural pollution is related to agricultural industrial policies,urban-rural economic structure,funds input in pollution control,comprehensive environmental management,laws of pollution control,and so forth. To control agricultural pollution effectively,it is needed to implement integration of agricultural and environmental policies,establish environmentally friendly agricultural technology popularizing system,implement integrated planning and management of a basin,and set up and improve legislation to protect agricultural environment.

On the Government's Responsibility in China's Rural Land Transfer

There is an urgent need for China's rural land transfer in order to develop modern agriculture,ensure food security,transfer rural population,and accelerate industrialization and urbanization.At present,there is still disordered transfer of rural land in China,making the interests of the transferors and transferees difficult to be effectively guaranteed;there is inefficient transfer,leading to decline in actual agricultural production level after transfer;there is jobless transfer,leading to difficult placement for rural surplus labor after transfer,seriously restricting rural land transfer.Therefore,the Chinese government's legal responsibility,economic responsibility and social responsibility in rural land transfer should be further strengthened.

The Evaluation and Analysis of the Government’s Entity Responsibilities of Promoting Gender Equality and Women’s Development

During the past 40 years of reform and opening-up,the chinese government,on the basis of adhering to the constitutional principle of equality between men and women,has proposed and resolutely implemented the basic state policy of equality between men and women,and constantly explored and implemented ways and measures to promote gender equality and the women’s all-round development.in enacting laws,formulating policies,drawing up plans and deploying work,the chinese government has taken into account the practical differences between the genders and the special interests of women,promoted women’s equal exercising of their democratic rights,equal participation in economic and social development and equal enjoyment of the fruits of reform and development,and provided stronger systematic and institutional guarantees for women’s development.

On China's Protection of Citizens' Right to Be Informed and Construction of Government Information Publicity System

I. The Unfolding Situation of the Philosophy of Right to Be Informed in China and Early Construction of Government Information Publicity System The origin of the thought,known as China＇s protection of right to be informed and the construction of government information publicity system

Enforcement of Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Disclosure of Government Information and Continual Development of a Group of Basic Human Rights

Introduction 2013 saw the sixth anniversary of the formulation of Regulations of the People＇s Republic of China on Disclosure of Government Information （hereinafter referred to as the Regulations） and the fifth anniversary of their being put into effect. As the Regulations were stipulated and put into force,

Protection of Women’s Rights in the National Governance of Contemporary China

The development of women’s rights is a specific field in modern national governance.The essence of women-related issues in modern times lies in the political and legal systems based on gender inequality and the unequal male-female relationship established by male chauvinism,which has further created domination over and prejudice against women.Since the founding of the New China,especially after the launch of reform and opening-up,the Communist party of China and the state have attached great importance to the protection of gender equality,bringing about the continued improvement of the protection of women’s rights.However,due to various economic and social barriers,there is still a long way to go to achieve full gender equality.To understand the issue of women’s rights from the perspective of national governance and apply the concept of modern national governance to the protection of women’s rights,it is imperative to pay great attention to the substantive equality concept in the protection of women’s right during the national governance process,take empowering women as an important approach,raise women’s gender equality awareness,and recognize,grant,enhance and guarantee women’s individual rights.

论网络平台的混合式监管

伴随网络平台在网络交易秩序管控中的地位提升,行政立法不断强化网络平台对网络交易秩序的管理责任,片面依靠强化网络平台管理责任来保障网络交易安全的立法思路,混淆了企业与政府在网络交易监管中的责任边界,难以有效实现对网络交易安全与市场秩序的管控,甚至间接推动了平台垄断的形成。随着平台反垄断的深入,在日益复杂的网络交易关系之下,网络交易秩序的治理问题应当置于更广、更开放的社会系统中考虑,对此,应当创新网络监管职权履行模式,引入分布式的平等交互机制,构建科技驱动式监管模式,提高监管效率;同时,拓展网络职权履行的主体,发展协作式的混合管理机制,结合合作监管与自律监管,优化监管效果,从而实现平台与政府在互联网经济模式下对网络交易秩序的合作治理。

社会责任报告审计能否提升CSR信息披露质量?--来自我国上市公司的经验证据

外部审计作为重要的公司治理机制,有助于提升企业经济绩效。社会责任报告审计能对企业社会责任信息的披露进行监督约束、风险评估与咨询规划,进而提升信息披露质量。以2010—2013年沪深上市公司为样本进行实证检验后发现,社会责任报告审计显著改善了企业社会责任信息披露质量。进一步研究发现,企业大股东监督力度越强,社会责任报告审计对企业社会责任信息披露质量的促进作用越明显。此外,与国有企业相比,民营企业中大股东监督在更大的程度上增强了社会责任报告审计对企业社会责任信息披露质量的促进作用。

CSR行为管理中政府与核心企业的进化博弈模型分析

由于对企业是否履行CSR(Corporate Social Responsibility)行为进行监督需要可观的监督成本,且对政府来说,严格的监督还可能对短期内GDP政绩指标表现造成不利影响。因此,在缺乏媒体监督的社会环境中,政府和核心企业都有不采取措施监督供应链成员履行CSR的动机。针对这一现实问题,可运用进化博弈理论,在前人研究基础上引入GDP政绩和媒体监督的环境因素,构建政府和核心企业CSR监督的进化博弈模型,对彼此博弈策略的稳定性进行分析。研究表明:政府和核心企业对供应链成员的CSR行为是否进行监督一方面取决于监督成本、公众的CSR意识、GDP政绩指标权重以及社会媒体的监督力量等因素,另一方面也与博弈对手的策略选择的概率相关。

人工智能时代的全球治理转型与中国应对

人工智能是应用面宽广的颠覆性技术形态,极有可能重塑全球治理的基本面貌。本文基于人工智能的技术特征,认为其已经从加深不平等、加剧“泛安全化”、加重失灵危机等方面对全球治理造成了初步影响。全球治理“智变”将引致全球治理的“治变”。未来,全球治理主体的权力结构将发生深刻转型,全球治理对象将不断呈现出“不确定性风险”的新特征,全球治理模式则会加速向敏捷治理转型。中国作为全球性大国和人工智能发展大国,要积极参与全球治理新规则的竞争,丰富自身全球公共产品的供给实践并推动智能时代全球治理体系包容性改革,助力实现全球治理的健康发展。

Polish Government's Tax Response to COVID-19 Pandemic

1.Introduction The rapid spread of COVID-19 is the challenge for all the countries and their economies.The sugges-t ions presented in media show that the COVID-19 pandemic will result in recession.This seems a fairly obvious observation resulting from the growing number of infections in most countries,closing schools and workplaces and promoting social distancing measures,as well as sharp declines on global stock exchanges.

平衡与制约:地方本科高校二级治理新思考

我国地方本科高校的校院二级治理体制存在校院机制边界不清、院系承接能力不足、治理权力分配失衡等问题,具体来说:高校“放权、赋权”程度不够,权力下放“不平衡、不充分”;院系“接权、用权”能力不足,权力下放“放得下、接不住”;行政权“渗透、侵犯”学术权,权力边界“分不明、理不清”。推进我国地方本科高校二级治理改革就要从学校层面管宏观,依托章程充分“放权”“督权”;学院层面管微观,提升效能有效“接权”“用权”;加强行政学术强协同,厘清边界合理“分权”“置权”。

中国式现代化视阈下生态环境治理体制的演进理路——基于“权责-激励-信息”三维框架的历史比较

与人与自然和谐共生的中国式现代化的发展规律相契合,我国生态环境治理体制的演进过程整体上呈现出与之相匹配的阶段性特征。在“权责-激励-信息”的三维分析框架下,基于对相关指标测量结果的整体判断及其关键历史事件的比较分析,我国环境治理体制的变迁过程大致经历了如下四个时期:一是激励兼容性与信息对称性双缺失的放任治理时期;二是环保激励边缘化而信息对称性较强的放权治理时期;三是环保正向激励强度增强而其信息对称性被严重弱化的分权治理时期;四是环保激励结构渐趋合理且其信息对称性逐渐强化的均权治理时期。基于此,未来一段时期,我国深化生态环境治理体制改革应将不断强化央地间环境治理的权责适配性、激励兼容性与信息对称性作为主要着力点。

论家庭照顾责任的政府分担:以人性尊严为衡量标准

随着老龄化社会的深刻影响日益凸显,家庭照顾的负担和风险日益增加。传统家庭照顾模式之下,照顾责任完全由家庭承担,需要照顾的儿童、老人等家庭成员权益无法得到保障,承担照顾责任的父母等家庭成员无法实现工作与家庭的平衡。基于对国际法和宪法的分析,家庭享有社会保护的权利是不可剥夺的,政府对家庭照顾责任的分担应当视为政府的一项基本责任,视作政府对人性尊严的承诺。人性尊严理应成为政府承担家庭照顾责任的重要衡量标准。政府可以综合运用积极权利路径、消极权利路径、权利表达路径等方式,实现照顾责任的政府与家庭共担。

用全人类共同价值破解全球治理的价值困境

当前,全球治理面临深层次价值困境,表现为西方“普世价值”深陷重围、东西方价值冲突难以弥合、逆全球化思潮强势回归。全人类共同价值凝结了各民族价值的共性,深刻回应了人类共同面临的全球性问题,为破解全球治理的价值困境贡献了中国智慧。面对全人类共同价值国际认同不足的现实,要在加强国际合作、践行多边主义、推动文明交流以及构建人类命运共同体的过程中增进价值共识,不断深化对全球治理的价值认同。

议行协同:乡村协商治理的共谋共建机制

基于三个乡村公共政策协商案例的经验性比较,首先从理论层面阐释协商话语共识与行动共识的衔接可能,描述了协商治理从赋权到定责的转化逻辑,为共谋实现共建奠定了可行性基础。其次从经验维度提出议行关系作为观察协商治理实践中共谋何以促成共建的机制进路,由权责与议行关系的联动机理指出议行协同延续机制这一经验特征,整体性概述了村干部兼容自治与行政的协商治理策略。最后从规范层面探究了协商治理的价值基础,以中国式现代化视野透视了共谋实现共建的协商治理机制的实践进路。

空间正义视角下儿童友好城市建设探究

当前我国儿童友好城市建设存在理念上认知不清晰、程序上主体缺位、内容上不均衡等问题,其实质是儿童友好城市建设在空间生产和空间资源配置中未能有效兼顾和平衡儿童这一特殊群体的权益保障。未来儿童友好城市建设要推动儿童友好理念成为社会共识、探索儿童参与公共事务的新模式、构建普惠型适儿化城市空间载体,将空间正义融入到儿童友好城市建设和社会发展的全过程。

教育行政处罚规范化的实践检视、主要难题和路向探索--基于教育行政权责清单中行政处罚事项的样本分析

教育行政处罚是行政处罚领域的重要类型,有其自身的特殊性。教育行政处罚制度的法治化和规范化,关系着教育的发展。选取教育行政执法体制改革试点城市及其所辖区县教育行政权责清单中行政处罚事项作为研究样本,聚焦权责清单中行政处罚事项的实践情况,归总分析发现,教育行政处罚存在处罚种类的法定化亟须提升、处罚事项的统一性有待增强、处罚依据的合法性亟待凸显、处罚监督的约束性仍需强化等主要难题,并从优化教育行政处罚种类、统一规范处罚事项分类、科学规范处罚事项依据、重点规范处罚事项监督等层面进行教育行政处罚规范化的路向探索,推动教育治理化水平不断提高。

国有企业党委、“三会”、经理层的权责界定

理清国有企业党委研究讨论作为董事会、经理层决策重大问题的前置程序时的权责边界,即党委研究讨论的前置程度与研究深度。并且厘清不同事项的决策程序,帮助国有企业更好的把党的领导融入公司治理各环节、内嵌到公司治理结构之中,既能保证企业议事决策程序高效运转,也能确保党组织在企业重大事项上决定权、把关权、监督权的落实。