The Transformation of Government Economic Functions in Public Economic Management

Public economics is a science of studying government economic behaviors, and an interdiscipline of politics and economics. As China is at the primary stage of socialism and the development of various domestic causes is still in a period of exploration, it is very important for the reform of the socialist modernization to strengthen domestic administrative management. Society is the subject of national reform and development in the long run, and thus maintaining the stability of domestic social order is not only the prerequisite for the long-term survival and development of China, but also the key requirement of ensuring people to live and work in peace and contentment. This thesis, first of all, introduces the management concept of public economy and the necessity of government＇s involvement in supervising economy. And on the basis of these, the thesis put forward the direction of transforming government economic functions and several precautions that should be noticed in government economic behaviors.

Research to Improve the Effectiveness of the Government＇s Economic Management of Performance Management

Government Performance Management is a new government management pattern. It plays an important role in the development of the local government and an important part of the government human resource management. Since China began to implement its government performance management, it has obtained some initial results. But it is still in the exploratory and improvement stage. Because a lot of problems arise in the actual operation process, so theoretical research and practice experience need to be further improved. Therefore, analyzing the local government perfornaance management problems and exploring strategies to improve the performance management are currently the objective requirements of the socialist market economy construction and governance reform in China and will have great significance.

The hypothesis of economic man and Marxist economics

This essay tries tO explore the contemporary significance of Marx＇s economic theory of the motivation and the behavioral model of the agents of capitalist production. The first and the second part of this essay review and analyze the concept of the agent of capitalist production in Marx＇s theory, and point out that Marx explains the motivation and behavior of the agents of capitalist production from the perspectives of capital in general, competition, and uncertainty respectively. The third part of this essay offers a brief comment on the interactive relationship between the institutional varieties of capitalism and behavioral model of the agents and points out that the concept of the agents of capitalist production has its inherent limitations when confi＇onted with the problem of institutional varieties.

On Religion Analysis Paradigm of“Economic Man”

Religion analysis paradigm of“economic man”takes“hypothesis of rational man”in the economics as the logical starting point,emphasizes that religion rationality is built on the calculation of cost and benefit,and elaborates proposition such as religious demand,religious supply,religion market,and religious capital,further refuting“religion recession theory”in secularization theory.Although its argument foundation that self-interest equals to rationality is still controversial,such paradigm broadens the view of religion studies and provides a possible way of religion management,which deserves our further discussion.

Simulating the Impact of the Economic Sustainability Plan on the Performance of the Nigerian Economy in the Post COVID-19 Era

This study examines the impact of Economic Sustainability Plan (ESP) on the performance of the Nigerian economy as a national economic resilient policy in the post COVID-19 era within the framework of a macro-econometric model. The study is hinged on the Keynesian general theory of employment, income and interest. Annual time series data spanning from 1970 to 2019 for within sample forecast, and a six-year out-of-sample forecast spanning from 2020 to 2025 were used. The policy scenario of 21.3 percent increase in government expenditure under the ESP as a stimulus package was simulated and the findings showed that increase in government expenditure under the ESP in critical areas would bring about significant impact on the macroeconomic performance of the Nigerian economy, especially on employment, inflation, economic growth and balance of payment in the post COVID-19 era. Emergent from these findings, the study recommended among others that the government should mobilize resources to finance the ESP in order to stimulate the economy in the post COVID-19 era by ensuring prudential fiscal management of resources;and the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) should ensure that financial institutions saddled with the responsibility of disbursement of intervention funds reduce interest rate from 9 percent to 5 percent as reflected in the ESP.

Influence of Taxation on Supply and Demand in Tomorrow's Crowd Energy Paradigm

The emergence of the energy self-sufficient home presents a new role for government taxation. Policymakers now face the challenge of reflecting this technological change in their decision-making and must assume a greater level of engagement. This paper proposes a number of original fiscal concepts for policymakers to implement in the support of micro-grid development. These are designed to optimise a sustainable transition away from the centralised energy system whilst creating shared value among stakeholders throughout the value chain. Concepts are based on residential micro-grid schemata in Switzerland and are applicable in other countries.

On the Function of Government during the Economic Transformation in Our Country

The paper analyses the necessity of government playing a role in the economic transformation and the government function in the process of economic transformation to definite the role of state government of China in the process of economy transformation.

Relationship Among Reserve Ratio, Government Spending and Economic Growth

The relationship among reserve ration, government spending and economic growth was analyzed. A monetary endogenous growth model is well developed by taking into account the growth-enhancing effects of re- serve-augmenting seigniorage. If the government spends all the seigniorage revenue on the provision of a public input which has positive externality on the private sector’s production, some results to be utterly different from Bronx’s have been obtained: the economy has a unique saddle-balanced growth path, but it has nothing to do with reserve ratio. However, the higher reserve ratio, the faster speed of economic convergence.

New Trend of Japan's Economic Security Strategy

Japan's economic security strategy has a long history.However,Japan has significantly accelerated its economic security strategy in recent years,especially since the Kishida government came into power.At present,Japan is gradually forming a comprehensive economic security strategy that has clear strategic objectives,sound institutional settings,enhanced economic control,and closer external cooperation.The Japanese government is accelerating its economic and security strategy because of the changing international environment and Japan's own strategic considerations.Japan hopes to achievemany strategic goals such as improved economy and security through its economic and security strategy,but its strategic effect needs to be verified due to the constraints of many factors.

Functions and Developmental Countermeasures of Rural Professional Economic Association

On the basis of defining rural professional economic association, the advantages of it in terms of non-profitability, low operation cost and good communication skills are pointed out. Functions of rural professional economic association are expounded. It can display the advantages of information; intensify the connections among governments, agriculture and rural areas; display the advantages of organization and strengthen the gaming capability of rural households; play the advantages of association and promote the improvement of quality of agricultural products; play the advantage of association and help government to transfer to limited government;play association and information advantages and intensify international competitiveness. It is pointed out that the defects caused by imperfect non-profit association restrict the function of rural professional economic association. In order to well display the functions of rural professional economic association, the countermeasures are put forward:establishing perfect laws and regulations to let rural economic association have the features of non-profit association;the government establishes new relations with rural economic association to support their development from multiple channels;fully displaying the service functions of rural economic association and finishing self-development; perfecting incentive and restraint mechanisms for rural economic association; intensifying supervision management of rural economic association.

The Transformation of government economy management function on a sustainable development of the environment

The ever-changing and developing ecological environment determines the functions of government to be followed by changes in economic management. The pursuit of short-term economic growth, ignoring the social promotion, will lead to excessive consume the earth＇ s resources and deteriorate environment, which pose a serious threat for the overall development of the human. Reality shows that the traditional development model faced with severe challenges. Thus, to solve environmental problems and achieve sustainable human development has become starting point and destination for the world＇ s governments to consider all issues. Government, as the actors on the path of sustainable development, is imperative to change the government＇ s economic management functions to genuinely achieve economic, social and environmental comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development. Implementation the strategy of sustainable development requires the Chinese government at least to adopt the ideology of overall and coordinated development in the head, follow the objective law and transfer the functions of government management of the economy on the basis of sustainable development.

Research on Real Estate Economic Security and Government Control

With the development of economy and the progress of society,people’s living standards are gradually improving,and the requirements for housing are also gradually improving.The development of the real estate industry provides conditions for people’s modern life,and its development meets the needs of China’s socialist development.In such a social background,the future planning of the real estate industry is gradually clear,promoting the steady rise of the real estate economy,which is an important development prospect of the current real estate industry.In this paper,through the analysis of real estate economic security and government control,aiming at the existing problems,put forward some effective measures to promote the advantages of real estate development and the combination of government macro-control to stabilize the healthy development of the real estate industry.

The effects of local government investment on economic growth and employment: evidence from transitional China

Based on the panel data of 28 provinces in the year of 1987-2001, this paper examines the effects of the local government investment on economic growth and employment. The empirical result shows that the local government investment plays a significant positive role in economic growth and employment. However, while the proportion of local government investment to GDP had a remarkable rise after 1998, the elasticity of local government investment on economic growth declined, which shows that there is a big room for raising the efficiency of local government investment. Moreover. the empirieal examination shows that although local government investment had positive effect on employment, the elasticity had a decrease after 1994 when the tax-sharing system reform was put into practice. This shows that the positive role of local government investment on employment is also limited This paper argues that the role of local governments as investors must be weakened, and local governments of different levels should lessen direct economic intervention and concentrate on public regulation.

“经济人”还是“政治人”:半导体超级企业的策略选择机制

在美国点名施压之下,为何全球半导体超级企业在中美两国间的策略选择呈现出较为明显的差异?既有研究对于高科技超级企业在大国科技竞争背景下的决策机制关注不足。超级企业的策略选择受到外部大国关系和自身“经济人”“政治人”属性的影响,当体系内大国关系处于合作的良性状态时,“经济人”逻辑占据上风,企业能够在全球市场中自主决策,理性地追求自身利润最大化;当大国关系为竞争甚至走向对抗时,“政治人”逻辑则占据上风,企业“政治人”属性的强弱决定其如何应对美国的政治胁迫,进而决定能否进入下一阶段遵循“经济人”逻辑的决策环节。台积电、英伟达和阿斯麦的策略选择能够为这一分析框架提供经验证据。该研究有助于理解美国对华科技竞争背景下高科技超级企业的决策机制,也对中国和中国企业在技术变革时代分析合作伙伴和竞争对手的行为逻辑具有一定启发意义。

Construction of the Government Support and Evaluation Index System of Farmers' Cooperative Economic Organizations

On the basis of expounding the necessity of evaluation index system of farmers' cooperative economic organization,the three first level indexes including organization development index,member development index and social development index and 13 second level indexes including aggregate capital of cooperative organization,annual profit share of cooperative organization,annual total income of cooperative organization,etc.,are established according to the principles of Systematics and the methods of Statistics and Quantitative economics.By using the analytical hierarchy process,the weight of each index is tested and the operation result and evaluation mode is established,as well as the index standard value and comprehensive value.As for the result of the evaluation,it is suggested that the government should support the farmers' cooperative organizations in hierarchy and targeted way according to local conditions.Though the construction of index system and comprehensive score,the government should establish the entry and exit mechanism of farmers' cooperative organizations to reasonably guild the rapid development of cooperators.

Economic Responsibility Audit Transformation and Development of Township Party and Government Leading Cadres - Problems and Countermeasures

With the implementation of a series of policies to support rural development,such as the national rural revitalization strategy and poverty alleviation,the economic responsibility audit of township party and government leading cadres has been given new responsibilities and missions.However,some grass-roots audit institutions are faced with practical difficulties such as the solidification of audit thinking,slow progress of audit informatization construction,and large gap of grass-roots audit resources.The only way to overcome the difficulties is to explore the transfonnation of the economic responsibility audit and countermeasures of the township party and government leading cadres by tracing the source and adapting measxires according to the difficulties.

技能型社会外来低学历劳动者的教育价值与优化策略——基于生物人-经济人-知识人的假设

建设技能型社会是浙江共同富裕先行与中国式现代化省域先行的重要基础。浙江作为沿海发达省份,近年来人口流入呈现出一种高学历人才和低学历人口交错互动性强、低学历人口占比大、中青年劳动人口居多、留住转化率高的特征,由此对技能型社会建设带来新的教育需求。研究立足浙江本土实际,基于生物人-经济人-知识人的假设,探索外来低学历劳动者的教育价值与优化策略,构建基于能力导向的核心技能教育模型,营造“多路径协同”育人共同体实践形态,为实现技能型社会外来低学历劳动者的高质量教育服务提供新思路。

牧户的草原生态补偿政策满意度与支持度——基于CSI框架和SEM的检验

从生计和生态双重维度探究牧户的草原生态补偿政策满意度与支持度,对于深化草原生态补偿制度改革,促进草原生态文明建设和牧区绿色发展,具有重要的理论与现实意义。基于马克思“生态经济人”预设的微观视角,以费耐尔满意度逻辑模型(CSI)为理论框架,使用2020年若尔盖草原574个牧户调研数据,通过反映性指标的结构方程模型(SEM),对牧户草原生态补偿政策满意度和支持度的因果机制进行了多变量、多路径的验证性分析。结果表明:(1)牧户对生计收入和生态质量越重视、“生态经济人”理性越高,其政策满意度就越高,生态保护的心理主动性也越大,相对效应大小=0.271。(2)牧户对政策实施结果的质量评价,是牧户政策满意度和支持度的主要影响因素,相对效应大小=0.518。(3)牧户对政策实施效果的价值感知,将会直接提升其政策满意度,并进一步促进其生态保护理性,相对效应大小=0.312。因此,提高牧户对草原生态补偿政策的满意度与支持度,应重点从三个维度综合施策:首先,应重视发展草原生态文化,培育牧户生态经济理性。其次,要稳步提升生态补偿标准,加强草原保护的工作力量,提升政策实施结果的质量。最后,草原生态补偿要重点加强与牧户生计绿色发展的协同,提升政策实施效果的价值。

我国农村订单定向医学生的违约风险及其治理

定向医学生违约直接影响定向医学生免费培养的政策效能。文章基于不完全契约理论与理性经济人学说的双重分析发现,国家与定向医学生不同价值取向背后有限理性博弈、政策确定性承诺与不确定性过程拉扯中背离倾向加剧、定向医学生免费培养信息不对称性滋生机会主义行为、医学教育专用性投资与个体利益间失衡诱发套牢问题等多重因素会引发违约风险。规避定向医学生的违约风险,须承认定向医学生就业契约不完全性的客观存在,联动各方利益主体让渡利益空间,构建有效的治理策略。

习近平生态文明思想的哲理向度与价值探索——基于《1844年经济学哲学手稿》的文本研究与历史考察

《1844年经济学哲学手稿》系统地反思了资本主义生产中的异化劳动现象,深刻揭示人与自然的辩证统一关系,并将共产主义的生产方式作为克服劳动异化、实现社会和谐的根本指向。习近平生态文明思想以“生命共同体”理念为理论基石,汲取中国古代“天人合一”思想资源,以当前生态文明建设实践为源泉,提出“绿水青山就是金山银山”的“两山”论,整体性地发展了马克思主义生态文明思想,是马克思主义生态文明思想的最新成果。探析习近平生态文明思想与《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中生态文明思想先声之间的内在联系,对于丰富和发展生态文明理论,指导新时代生态文明建设具有重要的理论价值与实践意义。